公路工程相關(guān)規(guī)范中的英文術(shù)語

1、公路工程相關(guān)規(guī)范中的英文術(shù)語公路工程技術(shù)標(biāo)準Technical Standard of Highway Engineering公路改擴建highway reconstruction & extension公路功能highway function設(shè)計速度design speed運行速度operating speed限制速度posted speed limit設(shè)計車輛design vehicle設(shè)計通行能力design traffic capacity服務(wù)水平level of service避險車道evacuation / escape lane硬路肩hard shoulder設(shè)計使用年限

2、design working/service life電子不停車收費electronic toll collection公路隧道設(shè)計規(guī)范Code for Design of Road Tunnel公路隧道road tunnel山嶺隧道m(xù)ountain tunnel巖石質(zhì)量指標(biāo)Rock Quality Designation(RQD)巖體分級rock mass classification環(huán)境調(diào)查environmental survey水文調(diào)查hydrological survey地質(zhì)調(diào)查geological survey隧道涌水water inflow into tunnel荷載load圍巖壓

3、力surrounding rock pressure偏壓unsymmetrical pressure松散壓力loosening pressure新奧法NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method)凈空斷面（內(nèi)輪廓）inner section洞門portal襯砌lining仰拱invert小凈距隧道neighborhood tunnel連拱隧道m(xù)ulti-arch tunnel豎井vertical shaft斜井incline/inclined shaft橫通道horizontal adit超前導(dǎo)坑advancing drift通風(fēng)ventilation照明lightin

4、g公路隧道設(shè)計規(guī)范第二冊交通工程與附屬設(shè)施Specifications for Design of Highway TunnelsSection 2 Traffic Engineering and Affiliated Facilities電光標(biāo)志electric sign逆光照明counter-beam lighting光學(xué)長隧道optically long tunnels區(qū)域控制單元local controller公路隧道設(shè)計細則Guidelines for Design of Highway Tunnel水下隧道underwater tunnel鉆爆隧道drilling and blas

5、ting tunnel盾構(gòu)隧道shield tunnel沉管隧道immersed tube tunnel隧道建筑限界tunnel construction clearance隧道凈空斷面tunnel cross-section偏壓隧道tunnel under unsymmetrical pressure淺埋隧道shallow tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel軟弱圍巖soft rock隧道群tunnel group緊急停車帶emergency parking strip車行橫洞adit for vehicle passing人行橫洞adit for people passing分離式隧

6、道separated tunnel分岔隧道branch tunnel整體式襯砌monolithic lining噴錨支護shotcrete and rockbolts supporting復(fù)合式襯砌composite lining明洞open-cut tunnel棚洞hangar tunnel斜井inclined shaft豎井vertical shaft圍巖基本質(zhì)量指標(biāo)rock basic quality index圍巖修正質(zhì)量指標(biāo)rock modified quality index形變壓力deformed pressure初始應(yīng)力initial stress開挖效應(yīng)excavation

7、effect承載拱l(fā)oad-bearing arch承載能力bearing capacity端墻式洞門end-wall tunnel portal翼墻式洞門wing-wall tunnel portal明洞式洞門open-cut tunnel portal高地應(yīng)力high geostress超前支護pre-supporting超前帷幕注漿advanced curtain grouting井點降水dewatering注漿grouting預(yù)設(shè)計pre-design動態(tài)設(shè)計dynamic design超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報advanced geological forecast監(jiān)控量測monitoring m

8、easurement隧道防水tunnel waterproof隧道排水tunnel drainage通風(fēng)構(gòu)造物ventilation structure施工輔助通道construction subsidiary channel公路隧道施工技術(shù)規(guī)范Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Tunnel光面爆破smooth blasting全斷面法full face excavation method正臺階法bench cut method環(huán)形開挖預(yù)留核心土法ring cut method中隔壁法（CD法）center diagram

9、 method交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）center cross diagram method雙側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑法both side drift method干噴dry shotcrete初噴first shotcrete （application of first shotcrete） 復(fù)噴subsequent shotcrete (application of subsequent shotcrete)噴錨支護shotcrete and rock bolt support超前支護advanced support管棚pipe-roof protection小導(dǎo)管預(yù)注漿small pipe-roof p

10、rotection超前錨桿pioneer rock bolt鋼架steel frame / beam support中巖墻wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel監(jiān)控量測monitoring measurement巖爆rock burst超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報geological prediction瓦斯gas瓦斯?jié)舛萭as concentration公路隧道施工技術(shù)細則Technical Guidelines for Construction of Highway Tunnel中導(dǎo)洞法center drift excavation method濕噴wet shotcrete預(yù)注漿pioneer grouting全封閉注漿full-closed grouting模板臺車form jumbo隧道防水隔離層layer of anti-water防水混凝土waterproof concrete百米平均漏風(fēng)率average air leakage rate 100 meter公路隧道交