高一英語(yǔ) 單元單詞短語(yǔ)句型知識(shí)梳理 Unit3 大綱人教版第一冊(cè)

1、Unit 3-Unit 4提綱挈領(lǐng)單元考查重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)Unit 3單詞straitislanderfellowclaimgoverngovernornewcomertransformstrengthendifferpronunciationvocabularyfemalechewchairwomanplateentire minefenceoutdoorsbirthplace outingroastpointedclaw hairy mediumbushy短語(yǔ)as a consequencego walk aboutbreak outfeed.onround up句型While引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

2、Unit 4單詞Procedure rosestrawberrylemongrowthmerelyherbclassifygroup identificationmalepromoteOceaniaappointcalculateexpensecocoaenterprisesettlementstrawpineappleunderlinetonerewardtechniciannowherealtogetherappearanceoutputlattermillimeterlength短語(yǔ)on a large scalein detailpass away句型1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句式2.although引

3、導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句互動(dòng)課堂Unit 3要點(diǎn)詮釋單詞1.claim v.& n.要求；索?。宦暦Q；使失蹤講：結(jié)構(gòu):claim sth.要求；(疾病、意外)奪去claim that.聲稱claim to do sth.(后跟動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí))聲稱做過(guò)某事make a claim for sth.提出要求例:She claims ownership of the land.她對(duì)這塊土地的產(chǎn)權(quán)提出要求。Gardening claims much of my time in the summer.夏天，園藝工作需要我大量的時(shí)間。Have you claimed the insurance yet?

4、你索取保險(xiǎn)金了嗎？She claims that she is related to the Queen.=She claims to be related to the Queen.她聲稱和女王有親屬關(guān)系。The earthquake claimed thousands of deaths.地震奪去了數(shù)以千計(jì)人的生命。They made a claim for higher pay.他們要求提高薪水。Her claim on the inheritance is quite reasonable.她對(duì)遺產(chǎn)的繼承要求非常合理。They have no claim to this propert

5、y.他們沒(méi)有權(quán)利要求這份財(cái)產(chǎn)。鏈接·提示(1)其他搭配:enter/put in a claim 提出主張(要求)；give up a claim 放棄要求；lay claim to 宣稱(2)表示“要求”時(shí)的同義詞為call for或ask for。練：(2010遼寧沈陽(yáng)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))A small terrorist group has_ responsibility for the bombing in London.A.confirmed B.indicatedC.predicated D.claimed提示:claim聲稱。句意為“一個(gè)小的恐怖組織聲稱對(duì)倫敦的爆炸事件有責(zé)任”。

6、答案:D2.differ vi.(與)不同，相異；不同意講：短語(yǔ):differ from sb.in sth.與某人在方面不同differ with/from sb.about/on/over sth.與某人在方面意見(jiàn)不合例:Our opinions differ greatly from each others in that respect.我們的意見(jiàn)在那方面有很大的出入。He differs from his brothers in looks.他的長(zhǎng)相和幾個(gè)兄弟不同。Thats where we differ.這就是我們意見(jiàn)不合的地方。She always differs with/f

7、rom me about how to spend the vacation.有關(guān)如何度假一事，她和我的意見(jiàn)總是不合。鏈接·提示注意該詞的形容詞和名詞的用法:be different from.(反義詞be the same as);make a difference 有影響；有差異。練：(2010江蘇南京第二次質(zhì)檢)Everyone fails now and then.It is how you react that makes a _in life.A.development B.differenceC.progress D.point提示:本題考查名詞辨析。短語(yǔ)make a

8、difference的意思為“產(chǎn)生差別；有影響；起重要作用”。答案:B3.strengthen vt. 加強(qiáng)；變強(qiáng)講：反義詞:weaken減弱比較:harden硬化例:We want to strengthen our tie with them.我們想加強(qiáng)與他們的關(guān)系。This latest development has further strengthened my determination to leave.最近事態(tài)的發(fā)展更增強(qiáng)了我離開的決心。鏈接·提示注意構(gòu)詞法都可以構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞，都有“使”的意思:加前綴:(1)en+adj.v.如:enlarge;enable;ensu

9、re;enrich;(2)en+n.v.如:endanger;entrain;encage;encase。加后綴:(1)adj.+env.如:harden;soften;(2)n.+env. 如:lengthen;shorten;(3)n.+fyv.如:beautify;purify練：I suggest the friendship between the two countries_.A.should strengthenB.strengthenC.be strengthenedD.will be strengthened提示:句意是“我建議兩國(guó)之間的友誼應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)”。因strengthen

10、為及物動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且suggest后面的賓語(yǔ)從句使用(should)do形式。答案:C短語(yǔ)1.break out (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)講：注意該詞為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不能使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),在使用時(shí)不要受漢語(yǔ)的影響。相同用法的同義詞有happen,take place,occur等。例:Fire broke out in the neighbourhood last night.昨晚附近發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。The war against Iran is very likely to break out in the near future.針對(duì)伊朗的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在不久的將來(lái)可能會(huì)爆發(fā)。鏈接&

11、#183;拓展 break構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有break up瓦解，分解，變壞，終止，破裂；break down搗毀，毀壞，分解，出故障，失敗；break into(不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))強(qiáng)行闖入，打岔；break in(及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))突然闖入，突然發(fā)出；break away 逃脫，從脫離，與斷絕關(guān)系(和from連用)；break through 突破障礙，(太陽(yáng)、月亮)自云間顯現(xiàn)。練：It was reported that the forest fire_ last Sunday and that it_ itself and wasnt .A.went out;broke out;put outB.

12、broke out;went out;put outC.broke out;put out;went outD.put out;broke out;went out提示:本題考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。break out 爆發(fā)；go out (火)自燃熄滅；put out 撲滅。答案:B2.as a consequence(of) 作為(的)結(jié)果講：可單獨(dú)使用，也可加上of后跟名詞。例:She was found guilty,and lost her job as a consequence(of it).她被判有罪，因而失去工作。As a consequence of your bad work

13、I am forced to dismiss you.因?yàn)槟愎ぷ鞑缓?，我被迫解雇你。As a consequence，we have to water the vegetable garden.結(jié)果，我們不得不給菜地澆水。鏈接·拓展該短語(yǔ)的同義詞為as a result (of),in consequence of,because of,owing to,due to等。練：He slipped and had his leg broken._,he will have to be away from school for two or three months.A.In any c

14、ase B.After allC.As a consequence D.In this way提示:本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)的用法。從句子的意思分析，這里應(yīng)該使用as a consequence，相當(dāng)于as a result，表示摔斷腿的結(jié)果。答案:C句型while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句講：請(qǐng)觀察下面教材原句:While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost,people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.雖然土著人的一些語(yǔ)言已經(jīng)失傳了，但是人們正努力保護(hù)和記錄剩下的語(yǔ)言。講：注意w

15、hile在此不表示“在期間”，而是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于although的用法，可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。例:I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.我愛(ài)喝清咖啡而他喜歡喝加奶油的。English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.英語(yǔ)在全世界都通行，而土耳其語(yǔ)離開本國(guó)就很少有人說(shuō)了。While I admit that there are problems

16、,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.盡管我承認(rèn)有問(wèn)題存在，但我不同意說(shuō)這些問(wèn)題不能解決。鏈接·提示while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句一般表示三個(gè)概念:(1)在期間（表示時(shí)間）；（2）而（表示對(duì)比）；（3）雖然（表示讓步）練：(1)(2010湖北荊州模擬)_ you may be right,I cant altogether agree.A.As B.While C.If D.Since提示:本題考查連詞用法?！半m然你可能是對(duì)的，但是我不能完全贊同”。while“雖然”，表轉(zhuǎn)折。答案:B(2)_private cars are bringing u

17、s convenience,they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution.A.While B.As C.If D.Since提示:本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的用法。答案:A辨析1.represent,stand for兩個(gè)詞都有“代表”的意思，但有相同之處也有不同的地方。present vt.(圖畫)表現(xiàn)；描繪；代表；象征The red lines on the map represent railways.地圖上的紅線代表鐵路。A dove represents peace.鴿子象征和平。He represented our sc

18、hool.他代表我們學(xué)校。stand for 代表；表示意思WTO stands for World Trade Organization.WTO代表世界貿(mào)易組織。即時(shí)練習(xí):Mr Wang was chosen to_ our school at the meeting.A.represent B.stand for C.instead of D.take the place of提示:本句話的意思為“王老師被選作我們學(xué)校的代表出席會(huì)議”。take the place of表示“替代；替換”，不合題意，stand for和represent雖然在表示“表示；象征”時(shí)通用，但表示“代表某人或某單

19、位”只能用represent。答案:A2.entire/whole/allentire adj.整個(gè)的，全部的。副詞形式為entirely，相當(dāng)于completely。whole adj.和entire為同義詞。n.整體all pron.& adv.全部；所有；完全即時(shí)練習(xí):(1)The _country celebrated the return of Macao.(2)Lu Xun is famous not just in China but in the _world.(3)Look through the _news report in todays newspaper.(4

20、)Ive wasted an _day on this.(5)Although they are twins,they look _different.(6)She lives _by herself.(7) _of the toys are broken.(8)She spent the _of the year in hospital.答案:(1)whole/entire(2)whole(3)whole/entire(4)entire(5)entirely(6)all(7)All(8)whole實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥【例1】 (2010遼寧高考)The head office of the bank is in Beijing,but it has _all over the country.A.companies B.b