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1、西醫(yī)綜合-生理學(xué)-6(總分:100.00,做題時(shí)間:90分鐘)一、Section I Use of English (總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù):10.00)As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century,it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast agricultural hinterland. Market days (1) the crowded city even more

2、 crowded, as farmers from within a (2) of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, vegetables, cider and other products for direct sale to the (3) . The HighStreet Market was continuously (4) throughout the period until 1736, (5) it (6) from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on

3、Second Street. The next year the Callow Hill Market began (7).Along with market days, the (8) of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia (9) after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The (10) provided a means of bringing handmade goods from (11) places to would-

4、be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, (12) , were popular items.Auctions were another popular (13) of trade. Because of the competition, retail (14) opposed these as well as the fairs. (15) governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the or

5、dinary (16) of economic development was on the merchants'side, as increasing business specialization became the (17) of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear (18) general stores selling a variety of goods.One of the

6、 reasons Philadelphia's merchants prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, (19) , in the capital city of the province, (20) to not only the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony.(分?jǐn)?shù):10.

7、00)(1).A followed B saw C witted D increased(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B. VC.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生判斷空格處應(yīng)填入的適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞,使句子連貫。文中market days (1) the crowdedcity even more crowded缺失謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,意思是“集市日 頭攢動(dòng)的城市更加擁擠”,B選項(xiàng)saw為“見(jiàn)證,目睹”的意思,填入后形成了我們常見(jiàn)的具有擬人色彩的句子:集市目睹了人頭攢動(dòng)的城市更 加擁擠。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)followed表跟隨,放入原文中表示“集市日緊隨擁擠的城市變得更加擁擠”,顯然 不通順。然而

8、有些考生誤將句子理解為what followed market days is the crowded city even more crowded,因而誤選了 A; C選項(xiàng)是最大的干擾項(xiàng),因?yàn)橛行┛忌`將witted看作witnessed ,witted是形容詞,表示“智力的”,例如 keen witted(頭腦敏銳的),dull witted ,slow witted(頭腦遲鈍的);D選項(xiàng)increased,用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“增加,加大”,不能與賓語(yǔ)city搭配。.A radiation B extent C radius D territory(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B.C. VD.

9、解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生判斷空格處應(yīng)填入的適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞,使句子連貫。本句解釋集市日城市變得更加擁擠的原因方圓 24公里或更遠(yuǎn)處的農(nóng)民趕來(lái)貿(mào)易。from within a (2) of 24 or more kilometers這個(gè)介賓短語(yǔ)在修飾農(nóng)民,這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中空格處確是名詞,這個(gè)名詞既能與within搭配,又能和后面的表示距離的 修飾成分搭配,表示“ 24公里或更遠(yuǎn)的”,只有C選項(xiàng)能同時(shí)符合這雙重判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),填入后表示“來(lái)自方圓24公里或更遠(yuǎn)處的”,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)詞義差別較大,屬于形近詞干擾;B選項(xiàng)與距離無(wú)關(guān),雖然 extent有“(大片)區(qū)域”的意思,但往往用squa

10、re kilometers( 平方公里)來(lái)修飾限定;D選項(xiàng)也用square kilometers 來(lái)修飾限定。.A townspeople B farmers C merchants D governors(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A. VB.C.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析+語(yǔ)境理解解析本題要求考生判斷空白處應(yīng)填入的適當(dāng)?shù)拿~。文中as ductsfor directsale to the (3)是原因狀語(yǔ)從句,解釋“集市日里擁擠的城市更擁擠”的原因在于“周邊農(nóng)民進(jìn)城將自己的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品直銷給”,簡(jiǎn)要地說(shuō),擁擠的城市更擁擠,原因在于農(nóng)民進(jìn)城賣東西給誰(shuí)一一城里人; 從另一個(gè)

11、角度看,towns People使得城市擁擠,而農(nóng)民為了與他們貿(mào)易紛紛趕來(lái),使得城市更擁擠,如此 理解,恰好說(shuō)明了集市日更擁擠的原因。因此A選項(xiàng)townspeople正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析若選擇 B選項(xiàng) farmers,那么該句就成了“ farmers.brought.fordirect to famers"農(nóng)民把東西帶來(lái)賣給農(nóng)民,句子內(nèi)信息重復(fù),內(nèi)容荒謬。C選項(xiàng)merchants和D選項(xiàng)governors雖然在后文中提及,但這兩個(gè)人群范圍狹窄,不足以使城市更加擁擠,也不是農(nóng)民紛紛而來(lái)的原因,更不是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 直銷的對(duì)象。.A envisioned B endangered C enriche

12、d D enlarged(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B.C.D. V解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生判斷空格處應(yīng)填入的動(dòng)詞使所在句子意義完整。The High Street Market wascontinuously (4) throughout the period until 1736,.from Front Street to Third.由于本題缺失的是句子而分,因此,為了便于做題,理解時(shí)去除該句的修飾成分,將句子簡(jiǎn)化為:該市場(chǎng)在某時(shí)期內(nèi)不 斷地。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng),填入D選項(xiàng)后可理解為“該市場(chǎng)在某時(shí)期內(nèi)不斷地?cái)U(kuò)張”,如此理解最為通順。而且在后文中的“從前街到第三大街”也可以印證該市場(chǎng)在不斷

13、擴(kuò)張。因此,D選項(xiàng)enlarged正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)envisioned , B選項(xiàng)endangered和C選項(xiàng)enriched均為及物動(dòng)詞,后面需要加賓語(yǔ), 而空格后沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)成分;而且這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與“某段時(shí)期內(nèi)不斷”的語(yǔ)境也不能融合。(5).A that B what C how D when(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B.C.D. V解析:考點(diǎn)邏輯關(guān)系解析本題要求考生判斷空格前后兩個(gè)分句的邏輯關(guān)系,填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膹木湟龑?dǎo)詞。The High Street Marketwas continuouslyenlarged throughout the period until 1736,(5) it.

14、from Front Street to Third .本句逗號(hào)前的部分說(shuō)明“直至1736年高街市場(chǎng)在不斷發(fā)展”,逗號(hào)后面是定語(yǔ)從句,詳細(xì)描述1736年的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。該定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是(the year of)1736 ,空格內(nèi)填入 when,就相當(dāng)于in which,表示“在這一年”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)that,所引導(dǎo)的從句意義不明;B選項(xiàng)what代表從句中所缺的名詞性成分,空格后不缺成分;C選項(xiàng)how表示方式,填入后意思是“市場(chǎng)如何從前街發(fā)展到三號(hào)街”,與逗號(hào)前的部分沒(méi)有 邏輯關(guān)系。(6).A varied B ranged C reached D differed(分?jǐn)?shù):0

15、.50 )A.B.C. VD.解析:解析本題要求考生判斷空白處應(yīng)填人的適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞。it (6) from Front Street to Third.文中it指the High Street Market,前文主句的內(nèi)容是“該市場(chǎng)不斷發(fā)展”,本句 (從句)說(shuō)明1736年發(fā)展的狀況,因此,空格內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與發(fā)展相關(guān)。本題考查的是reach的生僻含義“延伸”。填入后,句子可以理解為“它(高街市場(chǎng))從前街延伸到了三號(hào)街”。因此 C選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)雖然都可以與from.to.搭配,但是意義均與主句無(wú)關(guān):A選項(xiàng)variedfrom.to. 表示“二者之間有差異、不同”;B選項(xiàng)ranged

16、 from.to.表示“在和之間浮動(dòng)”;D選項(xiàng)differed from.to.表示“兩者不同,兩者間有區(qū)別”。.A operation B sale C cooperation D corporation(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A. VB.C.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生判斷空白處應(yīng)填入的適當(dāng)?shù)拿~與began搭配。不能孤立的看空格所在的句子,空格內(nèi)所缺的信息在前一句中有提示。文中By 1745 NewMarket was opened on Second Street . The next yearthe Callow Hill Market began (7).兩句話均說(shuō)明市場(chǎng)的發(fā)

17、展,“1745年新市場(chǎng)開(kāi)張。第二年CH市場(chǎng)”。根據(jù)這些并列的信息,我們可以看岀,空格內(nèi)所缺的詞匯與“開(kāi)張”相關(guān)。填入A選項(xiàng)后,詞組beganoperation的意思是“開(kāi)始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)",相當(dāng)于前一句的opened。故A選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析B選項(xiàng)sale和C選項(xiàng)cooperation填入后,意思分別是“開(kāi)始銷售”和“開(kāi)始合作",這 些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)“ CH市場(chǎng)”搭配不當(dāng);D選項(xiàng)corporation 與began放在一起,動(dòng)賓搭配不當(dāng)。(8).A culture B institution C deed D malpractice(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B. VC.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞

18、義辨析解析本題要求考生判斷空白處應(yīng)填入的適當(dāng)?shù)拿~。文中the (8) of twice yearly fairs persisted意思是“一年兩次集市的保留了下來(lái)”。每年兩次集市是當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊亩ㄆ谫Q(mào)易活動(dòng),是一種習(xí)俗,只有B選項(xiàng)有習(xí)俗的含義。具體地說(shuō),institution有這樣的含義:custom, practice ,relationship ,orbehavioral pattern of importance in the life of a community or society(制度,習(xí)俗:一個(gè)社會(huì)或社區(qū)生活中的習(xí)慣,實(shí)踐,關(guān)系或主要的行為方式)。因此,B選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析其

19、他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不能總結(jié)“一年兩次集會(huì)”。A選項(xiàng)culture ,這個(gè)概念太大;C選項(xiàng)deed,往往指?jìng)€(gè)體或群體的具體行為, 不一定是約定俗成的, 雖然deed也有契約的含義,但是這種契約也不是約定俗成的,而是書(shū)面形式的,其英語(yǔ)釋義如下:or conveyance ,especially relating to property的論調(diào)不符。(9).A therefore B hardly C still D evena document sealed as an instrument of bond,contract;D選項(xiàng)malpractice 是貶義詞,與后文對(duì)集市評(píng)價(jià)(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.

20、B.C.D. V解析:考點(diǎn)邏輯關(guān)系解析本題要求考生判斷空格前后兩個(gè)部分的邏輯關(guān)系。面對(duì)這種題目,一定要將空格前后的信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,從而排除干擾,突顯前后的邏輯關(guān)系。文中the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted inPhiladelphia (9) after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities句子修飾成分繁雜,簡(jiǎn)要地理解為“費(fèi)城的集市制度保留了下來(lái), 在其他地方廢止相似交易后(費(fèi)城仍然保留該制度)”,或者更簡(jiǎn)單的理解為“費(fèi)城保留, 其他地方廢止

21、后(費(fèi)城仍然保留)”??梢?jiàn)此處需要填入加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的詞。填入even可以起到加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用,意思是:甚至其他城市廢除相似貿(mào)易日后,費(fèi)城還保留了一年兩次的集市制度。因此D選項(xiàng)even正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)therefore 表示因果關(guān)系;B選項(xiàng)hardly是一個(gè)具有否定意義的副詞;C選項(xiàng)still表示仍然,若將該選項(xiàng)放在空格所在的位置,起不到加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用。(10) .A state B fairs C farmers D cities(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B. VC.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析+語(yǔ)境理解The (10) provided a means of bringingthe,表明空格內(nèi)的信息

22、在上文有所提及;而,選擇答案時(shí)應(yīng)同時(shí)考慮這兩個(gè)暗fairs(集市),因此B選項(xiàng)正確。the搭配;C選項(xiàng)farmers雖然可以與“提 cities 也不具備這種“提供市場(chǎng)方式的”解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的名詞。在 handmade goods.這個(gè)句子中,應(yīng)當(dāng)注意到空格前的定冠詞且該名詞所搭配的成分是provided a means bringing handmade goods示。在前文中出現(xiàn)過(guò),且具有這種商品調(diào)配功能的名詞就是干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)state在前文沒(méi)有提及,因此不能與定冠詞 供手工商品"搭配,但不能與“提供這種市場(chǎng)方式"搭配; D選項(xiàng) 能力。(

23、分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )places 。bringing handmadegoods from地區(qū)帶來(lái)手工商品賣給城里的 (11).A outweighing B outreaching C outlying D outrageousA.B.C. VD.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的形容詞來(lái)修飾(11) places to would-be buyers in the city 可以理解為“從的顧客”。對(duì)于本題,也需要簡(jiǎn)化線索。對(duì)解題有用的提示信息是“從地方帶來(lái)商品賣給城里的顧客”, from (11) places 和in the city有一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,考慮前文

24、中所描述的“集市中農(nóng)民進(jìn)城貿(mào)易”的情景,可以得知這些商品來(lái)自周邊的地區(qū),因此C選項(xiàng)outlying 正確。B選項(xiàng)outreaching 意思是“超越”;。這三項(xiàng)都是詞形干擾,意義和商品干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)outweighing意思是“在重量或價(jià)值上超過(guò)”;D選項(xiàng)更容易排除,outrageous意思是“蠻橫的,殘暴的,可惡的"(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )來(lái)源地沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。(12) .A however B for example C moreover D in comparisonA.B. VC.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析+邏輯關(guān)系解析空格內(nèi)所填信息為插入語(yǔ),體現(xiàn)本句 Linens and stoc

25、kings from Germantown, (12) ,were popularitems .和上一句 The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods.之間的關(guān)系。考察句間關(guān)系時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)注意簡(jiǎn)化前后的語(yǔ)言線索,使得句間邏輯關(guān)系更加清晰。上一句說(shuō)明了集市的功能一一能帶來(lái)諸多手工商品;本句則提及了具體的兩種手工商品“亞麻制品和長(zhǎng)襪(Linens and stockings)"是走俏的商品(popular items)。可見(jiàn),本句是在用具體的事例來(lái)印證上一句的觀點(diǎn),因此B選項(xiàng)for example正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析其他三項(xiàng)均不符合上

26、述語(yǔ)境的邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)however表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;C選項(xiàng)moreover表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系;D選項(xiàng)in comparison表示兩者相比,尋求共性。(13) .A solution B format C style D form(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)A.B.C.D. V解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的名詞。Auctions were another popular (13) oftrade .意為"拍賣是另外一種盛行的貿(mào)易 '。從該句中的another我們可以看出,auction是與上文所述內(nèi)容并列的一種貿(mào)易活動(dòng),前文主要闡述了“集市貿(mào)易”,而且本段中多

27、次岀現(xiàn)“拍賣”和“集市”的并列結(jié)構(gòu)(.these as well as the fairs.to eradicate fairs and auctions),因此我們可以斷言, 拍賣和集市是并列關(guān)系,都屬于貿(mào)易的 。D選項(xiàng)form填入后符合語(yǔ)境要求,為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)分析fair 和auction是并列關(guān)系,兩者互不包含,因此A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;B選項(xiàng)format為“格式,版式”的意思,C選項(xiàng)style意為“風(fēng)格”,與form相比,這兩項(xiàng)都不能更完整準(zhǔn)確地總結(jié)“集市”和“拍 賣”。(14) .A merchants B farmers C businessmen D citizens(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50

28、)A. VB.C.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析+語(yǔ)境理解解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的名詞。Because of the competition , retail (14)opposed these as well as the fairs.句中 the competition 指前面所述貿(mào)易形式帶來(lái)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng), these指auctions。本句可理解為“由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 零售反對(duì)拍賣和集市”,A選項(xiàng)merchants(商人)和retail搭配最恰當(dāng);而且從后文可以看出,政府也曾試圖取締集市和拍賣,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展偏向于商人(on the merchants'side),其中merchants

29、前面加了定冠詞the,說(shuō)明這個(gè)概念在前文出現(xiàn)過(guò),從而印證了空格里的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該 是merchants。綜合這些信息,在本題空格內(nèi)只有填入merchants才能使上下文連貫,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析B選項(xiàng)famers和D選項(xiàng)citizens在前文中出現(xiàn)過(guò),他們都是集市貿(mào)易的受益者和參與者,因此B和D選項(xiàng)不能選;C選項(xiàng)government在后文提及過(guò),但“零售政府”的搭配顯然不可取,故C選項(xiàng)排除。(15) .A Now that B Since C Although D If(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B.C. VD.解析:考點(diǎn)邏輯關(guān)系解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合上下句邏輯關(guān)系的邏輯連詞。(15)

30、 .to eradicate fairs andauctions were less than successful, .economic : development was on the merchants' side , asincreasing business specialization.面對(duì)這種題目,一定要將空格前后的信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,從而排除干擾,突顯前后的邏輯關(guān)系。句中eradicate的意思是“取締”,less than是否定意義(決不),on one's side表示偏重于某一方,因此,本句可以簡(jiǎn)要地理解為“取締集市和拍賣未果,經(jīng)濟(jì)重心在商家一方,由 于商業(yè)專門(mén)

31、化”,從上一題中得知“商家”與“集市、拍賣”因競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而對(duì)立,那么“取締集市和競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 未果”這種情況對(duì)商家而言是不利的,但后面又說(shuō)“由于商業(yè)專門(mén)化,經(jīng)濟(jì)重心在商家”,顯然商家處于 有利地位,前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折,因此空格內(nèi)填“雖然”,C選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)Now that,B選項(xiàng)Since,D選項(xiàng)If都沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義,不符合這里的邏輯要求,因 此排除這三項(xiàng)。(16) .A course B trick C velocity D hatch(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A. VB.C.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的名詞。(16) of economic development

32、was on themerchants'side 可以理解為“經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的 偏向于商家”,綜合考慮四個(gè)選項(xiàng),“經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的路線偏向于商家”最為通順,因此 A選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析B選項(xiàng)trick和D選項(xiàng)hatch置入原文后都不通順,而C選項(xiàng)velocity 不能與“偏重 于某人”搭配,因此排除這三項(xiàng)。(17) .A command B order C recommendation D sequence(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B. VC.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的名詞。本題看似考詞義辨析,其實(shí)不然;本題考查的 是固定搭配the order of the

33、day ,填入B選項(xiàng)order后,該句就清楚的解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展路線偏重于商家的 原因一一商業(yè)分化被提上了議事日程。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A 選項(xiàng)command C選項(xiàng)recommendation以及D選項(xiàng)sequence都不能構(gòu)成搭配,因此排除 這三項(xiàng)。(18) .A in addition to B for the purpose of C with regard to D at the risk of(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A. VB.C.D.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析.,and specialty shops began to appear (18) general stores selling

34、 a Variety of goods .該 并列句and前后所述的事情基調(diào)一致。and前面的句子內(nèi)容為"出口商從進(jìn)口商那里分化出來(lái)",后面說(shuō)“專賣店于普通商店開(kāi)始岀現(xiàn)”,這個(gè)語(yǔ)境前后兩個(gè)例子都在說(shuō)明“商業(yè)專門(mén)化”的趨勢(shì)。因此and后的句子也需要體現(xiàn)岀商業(yè)的分化。故選擇A選項(xiàng),意思是“除了普通商店,專賣店開(kāi)始岀現(xiàn)”。干擾項(xiàng)分析B選項(xiàng)for the purpose of 和C選項(xiàng)with regard to都不能體現(xiàn)商業(yè)的分化,因此排除這兩項(xiàng)。若選擇D選項(xiàng)at the risk of,句子意思就變成“專賣店冒著普通商店的危險(xiǎn)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)”,兩種商戶的關(guān)系是否如此,在文中不能得到印

35、證,因此排除D選項(xiàng)。(19) .A for all B above all C at all D after all(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )A.B.C.D. V解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的詞組。本題空格內(nèi)的詞組體現(xiàn)了前后句間的邏輯關(guān)系, 因此應(yīng)該綜合考慮語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容。 該段主旨句已經(jīng)說(shuō)明費(fèi)城商戶的繁榮原因之一是周邊地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口的增長(zhǎng)。簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)一一費(fèi)城商業(yè)發(fā)展與周邊發(fā)展有關(guān)。后一句詳細(xì)闡述周邊如何促進(jìn)費(fèi)城商業(yè)發(fā)展。文中They didtheir business ,(19) ,in the capital city of the province , .to not

36、only the governor-and hiscircle , but citizens from all over。the colony .可以簡(jiǎn)化為“它們 在省會(huì)城市(費(fèi)城)經(jīng)商可以上下兼顧”,可見(jiàn)在費(fèi)城經(jīng)商是上下兼顧的條件,D選項(xiàng)after all 能體現(xiàn)出條件關(guān)系。因此, D選項(xiàng)after all 正確。干擾項(xiàng)分析A選項(xiàng)for all不是在強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)條件,而是排除這個(gè)條件,與語(yǔ)境不符;B選項(xiàng)above all是突現(xiàn)諸多條件中的一個(gè),而本句只提及了一個(gè)條件,也應(yīng)該排除該選項(xiàng);C選項(xiàng)at all與條件無(wú)關(guān),因此排除該選項(xiàng)。(20) .A resorting B turning C cat

37、ering D committingA.B.C. VD.解析:考點(diǎn)詞義辨析解析本題要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇符合原文含義的動(dòng)詞。并且該詞組能與 governor and his circle 以及 citizens(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50 )該動(dòng)詞必須能與空格后的to搭配,構(gòu)成詞組;這兩群消費(fèi)者搭配。cater to somebody 的意思干擾項(xiàng)分析A 選項(xiàng)resorting(to)和 B 選項(xiàng) turning(to)所體現(xiàn)的不是商家和顧客之間的關(guān)系,因此排是“迎合,滿足的需求”,后面可以搭配消費(fèi)者。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。除;D選項(xiàng)committing是及物動(dòng)詞,不需要搭配介詞to,因此也排除、Section

38、 n Reading Comprehension (總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)三、Part A (總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)四、Text 1 (總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù):10.00)The unknown pervades the universe. That which people can see, with the aid of various sorts of telescope, accounts for just 4% of the total mass. The rest, however, must exist. Without it, galaxies would not sur

39、vive and the universe would not be gently expanding, as witnessed by astronomers. What exactly constitutes this dark matter and dark energy remains mysterious, but physicists have recently uncovered some more clues, about the former, at least.One possible explanation for dark matter is a group of su

40、batomic particles called neutrinos.Neutrinos are thought to be the most abundant particles in the universe. According to the Standard Model, the most successful description of particle physics to date, neutrinos come in three varieties, called "flavors". Again, according to the Standard Mo

41、del, they are point-like, electrically neutral and massless. But in recent years, this view has been challenged, as physicists realized that neutrinos might have mass.The first strong evidence came in 1998, when researchers at an experiment, based in Japan, showed that muon neutrinos produced by cos

42、micrays hitting the upper atmosphere had gone missing by thetime they should have reached an underground detector. Its operators suspect that the missing muon neutrinos had changed flavor, becoming electron neutrinos or-more likely-tau neutrinos.Theo- ry suggests that this process, called oscillatio

43、n, can happen only if neutrinos have mass. Over the coming months and years, researchers hope to produce the most accurate measurements yet. The researchers created a beam of muon neutrinos first. On the other side of the target sat a particle detector that monitored the number of muon neutrinos lea

44、ving. The neutrinos then travelled 750km (450 miles) through the Earth to a detector in a former iron mine in Soudan,Minnesota. Researchers then were able to confirm that a significant number of muonneutrinos had disappeared-that is, they had changed flavor. While their mass is so small that neutrin

45、os cannot be the sole constituent of dark matter, they have an advantage in that they are at least known to exist.The same cannot be said for sure of another possible form of dark matter being studied by a group of physicists in Italy. If the result continues to withstand scrutiny, it would appear t

46、o be evidence for an exotic new sort of fundamental particle, known as an axion, which could also be a type of dark matter.(分?jǐn)?shù):10.00 )(1) .What does the word "pervades"(Line 1, Para. 1) mean?A Be of higher rank or authority.B To spread through the whole extent of.C To gain the victory or s

47、uperiority.D To make something come true. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )A.B. VC.D.解析: 解析 詞義題;符合新大綱中仍然包含的“根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞的詞義”的閱讀理解要求。要結(jié)合 句子和整個(gè)段落的意思來(lái)確定它的意思;從段落表達(dá)的意思來(lái)看,人類已知的部分只占整個(gè)宇宙的百分之 四。而對(duì)于其他部分,都屬于第一句中的“ unknown的部分,所以未知世界和宇宙之間的關(guān)系,也就是unknown 和 universe 之間的關(guān)系就確定了 pervade 的意思。所以這里的 pervade 應(yīng)當(dāng)解釋成“占據(jù), 遍布” 之類的意思,結(jié)合 4個(gè)選項(xiàng),B選項(xiàng)的表述正反映了

48、這樣的意思,是正確選項(xiàng)。(2).What aspect about neutrinos has been questioned in recent years?A Neutrinos are in the shape of points.B There are altogether three different varieties of Neutrinos.C Neutrinos do not have any mass.D Neutrinos are the most abundant particles in the universe.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )A.B.C. VD.解析: 解

49、析 細(xì)節(jié)題;題干中的定位關(guān)鍵詞是 neutrinos ,由于是本篇中的專有名詞,比較容易幫助我們 定位本題考查的區(qū)域,在原文中相關(guān)信息出現(xiàn)在第二自然段。而考查詞則是question ,比較原文我們可以看出這里的question 對(duì)應(yīng)于原文的challenge,這個(gè)詞之前提到的point-1ike 和massless,以及B和D選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容在原段落中都有體現(xiàn), 但是當(dāng)我們?cè)俦容^閱讀 challenge 之后的內(nèi)容, 我們發(fā)現(xiàn) that neutrinos might . have mass確定了這個(gè)題目的正確選項(xiàng)針對(duì)是neutrinos 是否有mass的問(wèn)題,mass在這里是“質(zhì)量,重量”的意思。

50、(3).How should we understand the process of oscillation?A Cosmic rays are used to produce muon neutrinos.B Muon neutrinos went missing during experiments.C Cosmic rays hit the upper atmosphere.D One flavor of neutrinos is changed into another one.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )A.B.C.D. V解析: 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題; oscillation 盡管對(duì)于大多數(shù)考

51、生都是生詞,但是反而可以幫助我們更加迅速地定 位到原文的第三自然段,通過(guò)對(duì)原文的閱讀我們可以知道,對(duì)于neutrinos 來(lái)說(shuō),在實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程中數(shù)量有所減少,而原文明確告訴我們數(shù)量減少必然出現(xiàn)形態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換,也就是我們?cè)诘诙匀欢巫x到的3 種不同的flavor,比較閱讀選項(xiàng),D正確地表達(dá)了這樣的意思。(4).Which one of the following is NOT true about the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 4 ?A It can be used to confirm previous suspects about neutrinos.

52、B The number of muon neutrinos changed in the process of the experiment.C A more accurate number can be put on the mass of neutrinos based on this experiment.D The result of the experiment contradicts that in 1998.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )A.B.C.D. V解析: 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題;首先需要判斷的是第四段的實(shí)驗(yàn)和第三段的實(shí)驗(yàn)之間的關(guān)系,通過(guò)過(guò)渡句 researchers hope to p

53、roduce the most accurate measurements yet 以及比較兩段內(nèi)容之后,我們才可 以最終確定, 這里提到的兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)在方向上是一致的, 都是在論證: neutrinos 確實(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn) flavor 的轉(zhuǎn)變, 而這一段的進(jìn)步就體現(xiàn)在它更加精確地確定了發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的數(shù)量,所以A 選項(xiàng)的 confirm 準(zhǔn)確地描述了這種關(guān)系,而D選項(xiàng)的contradict 則是錯(cuò)誤的表述。而B(niǎo)和C的表述是對(duì)原文中對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程的細(xì)節(jié)捕述的同義 表達(dá),在比較閱讀中判斷其準(zhǔn)確性難度不大,所以對(duì)此實(shí)驗(yàn)描述出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的是D選項(xiàng)。(5).Which one of the following stateme

54、nts is true about axion?A It is known for sure to exist although not enough evidence is available.B It is another possible constituent of dark matter.C The search for hypothetical particle has failed so far.D If successful, experiment will prove it to be the sole form of dark matter.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )A.B.

55、VC.D.解析: 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題; axion 對(duì)于絕大多數(shù)考生來(lái)說(shuō)是生僻的詞匯,但恰好可以幫助我們迅速定位到原文的最后一段。A和D選項(xiàng)都需要我們結(jié)合前面一段的論述進(jìn)行判斷,因?yàn)檫@一段落中的the samecannot besaid for sure of 這樣的表達(dá)告訴我們前面的信息對(duì)這里的判斷仍然具有價(jià)值, 而比較閱讀之后我們發(fā)現(xiàn), A選項(xiàng)的for sure 以及D選項(xiàng)的sole form 都和原文表達(dá)的意思截然相反。C選項(xiàng)的判斷沒(méi)有原文信息可以支持,而 B 選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)是嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?,這里對(duì)于 axion 的探索是建立在假設(shè)基礎(chǔ)上的一種逐步論證的過(guò)程, 此處的 possible 很好地體現(xiàn)了這種在

56、結(jié)果沒(méi)有最終確定之前嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目茖W(xué)態(tài)度, 和整個(gè)文章屬于理科文章的 表述風(fēng)格是一致的,也是我們這個(gè)題目的正確選項(xiàng)。五、Text 2 ( 總題數(shù): 1,分?jǐn)?shù): 10.00)"Europe needs to import to export. " That is the slogan of the European Commission's new strategy for securing its economic place in the world, unveiled this week by Peter Mandelson, the European Union's commissioner for trade. The soundbite, of course, gets the economics precisely backwards: exports are the price a country must pay for its imports; Europeans t

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