中國(guó)與美國(guó)的文化差異

1、中國(guó)與美國(guó)的文化差異中國(guó)與美國(guó)的文化差異Cultural Difference between Chinese and American 花費(fèi)近三分基金會(huì)花費(fèi)近三分基金會(huì)一、個(gè)人主義 -individualism 美國(guó)人相當(dāng)崇尚個(gè)人主義，東方社會(huì) （當(dāng)然包括中國(guó)人） 則強(qiáng)調(diào)家族及階級(jí)層次。這是一個(gè)非常重要及有影響力的分別。美國(guó)人崇尚個(gè)人特質(zhì)的例子很多，父母較少伸手干預(yù)子女的發(fā)展。 Americans are quite advocating individualism, Oriental society (of course include Chinese) emphasize family

2、and class level. This is a very important and influential respectively. Americans are pound of their personal qualities example many parents hand intervention, the development of their children is less. 二、隱私權(quán)-privacy 美國(guó)人通常很尊重別人的隱私。就是知己之間也很少問(wèn)到別人太切身的問(wèn)題，例如年齡、薪水及婚姻狀況等。也應(yīng)當(dāng)少談?wù)摰谌叩氖虑?。不?qǐng)自來(lái)的訪客（包括父母親）是絕對(duì)不受歡迎的

3、。 Americans usually very respect other peoples privacy. Is rarely asked others between friends too, immediate issues, such as age, salary and marital status, etc. Talk about a third party shall also be little things. The uninvited visitors (including parents) is absolutely not welcome. 三、開(kāi)放與直接 -Open

4、ing and direct 美國(guó)人是相當(dāng)開(kāi)放和直接的，尤其在專(zhuān)業(yè)的討論，往往秉持著不同意見(jiàn)而爭(zhēng)論（注意：是爭(zhēng)論，不是拍桌子，摔麥克風(fēng)的吵架）。相反地，東方人往往不會(huì)直接沖突，而是婉轉(zhuǎn)地通過(guò)地位比較高的第三者來(lái)疏通。 Americans are fairly open and direct, especially in professional discussion, often clung to the different opinions and debate (note: is a debate, not on striking table, broke the microphone q

5、uarrel). Conversely, orientals tend not to direct conflict but euphemistically through the status of relatively high third party to insert. 四、獨(dú)立性- independence美國(guó)人通常較不喜歡依靠別人，甚至父母的幫忙也不一定樂(lè)于接受，而父母亦鼓勵(lì)子女早早離家，獨(dú)立地生活與發(fā)展。我國(guó)青少年在這方面就發(fā)展得較慢。對(duì)留學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，要注意到指導(dǎo)教授非常重視研究生能夠獨(dú)立做研究的能力。而對(duì)英文不靈光的留學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)你向美國(guó)人借筆記時(shí)如被拒絕，不一定表示他們討厭你，

6、極有可能是他們將心比心，認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該獨(dú)立而已。 Americans usually less like depend on others, or even parents help also is not willing to accept, and parents also encourage children left home early in life and development, independently. Our country teenagers in this respect development more slowly. For international studen

7、ts, must pay attention to the supervising professor attaches great importance to the graduate student independently and do research ability. And for avira antivir of international students, when you ask the American people borrow your notes as was refused, does not necessarily mean that they hate yo

8、u, is most likely they care, think you should independent just. 五、朋友-friend美國(guó)人囗中的朋友定義比較廣泛，而且有區(qū)隔性；譬如說(shuō)工作上的朋友、打球的朋友、學(xué)校的朋友、喝酒的朋友等等。 另外美國(guó)地域廣大，人口流動(dòng)性也高，而且朋友之間絕少吐露私人的事情，所以友情是比較溫水性。中國(guó)人的友情通常是牽一發(fā)而動(dòng)全身，一言不合就盡量避免跟對(duì)方碰面，起落性比較大。中國(guó)人朋友之間借錢(qián)是相當(dāng)普遍的，而美國(guó)人朋友之間借錢(qián)是鳳毛麟角的。Americans kou friends in definition is widely used, and

9、the area lies between a gender, For instance work friends, playing friends, school friend, drinking friend, etc. In the United States, large population mobility is high also, and between friends seldom confide personal things, so the friendship is more warm sex. Chinese friendship is often one chang

10、e makes all change, a word not just avoid meet with the other side, falls sex is larger. Chinese friends to borrow money is a very common, and americans between friends borrow money is rare. 六、金錢(qián)-money 中國(guó)人通常做的預(yù)算都比較保守，而美國(guó)的預(yù)算則比較接近極限，而且往往有消費(fèi)超過(guò)預(yù)算的傾向（跟美國(guó)社會(huì)大量使用信用卡也有關(guān)系）。美國(guó)人很舍得買(mǎi)東西，尤其是在購(gòu)房及汽車(chē)上，對(duì)于吃喝方面，尤其是請(qǐng)客，則比

11、較猶太；而中國(guó)人則比較舍得花錢(qián)在請(qǐng)客方面。 Chinese people usually do budget are more conservative, whereas Americas budget is close to extreme, and often have the tendency of spending over budget with American society of use credit CARDS also have relations). Americans are very willing to buy something, especially in th

12、e purchase and bus, for food and drink, especially treat, is more jewish ; But Chinese is more willing to spend money in treat. 七、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性 -competitiveness美國(guó)社會(huì)的發(fā)展依靠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)來(lái)作為推動(dòng)力。Work hard, play hard是大部分人的作風(fēng)。他們?cè)谘哉Z(yǔ)爭(zhēng)辯時(shí)都喜歡壓倒對(duì)手，這種getting the last word in的作風(fēng)當(dāng)然是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的一種表現(xiàn)。他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)挑戰(zhàn)精神也顯露在體育比賽方面，即使是他們所謂的playing for fun時(shí)也是

13、蠻認(rèn)真的。一般美國(guó)人對(duì)于一個(gè)球隊(duì)都十分狂熱，往往藉此發(fā)泄情緒。例如校隊(duì)比賽時(shí)校警常常要檢查進(jìn)場(chǎng)的觀眾，不讓他們帶酒進(jìn)場(chǎng)。球賽比賽時(shí)，觀眾都喧嘩沖天，往往亂拋東西。有些助興表演也有點(diǎn)莫名其妙，例如有一招是將一個(gè)女啦啦隊(duì)員，從觀眾席的底層拋起，一級(jí)級(jí)的人將她接著又再拋上去，直到最高層又再拋下來(lái)；偶然也有失手受傷的事情發(fā)生。筆者也算是球迷，但都是在家看電視，免得在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)活受罪。而且要算準(zhǔn)時(shí)間，當(dāng)球賽完時(shí)避免走在路上，因?yàn)榍蛎栽谮A球時(shí)歡天喜地（如果你看到開(kāi)車(chē)的人在亂按喇叭，你不用聽(tīng)報(bào)告就知道贏球），輸球時(shí)則沮喪憤怒，兩種結(jié)果都是瘋狂畢露。有些血?dú)夥絼偟男』镒痈Ｗ鲆恍┢婀值氖隆Ｓ幸稽c(diǎn)要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，如果不是

14、在發(fā)泄情況下，絕大部分的美國(guó)人都是很守規(guī)矩、不騷擾別人的。 八、世界觀 -world outlook可能因?yàn)槊绹?guó)多年來(lái)的興盛及教育重點(diǎn)在某方面仍有偏頗，美國(guó)人多數(shù) 以本國(guó)為中心，對(duì)于別國(guó)的認(rèn)識(shí)十分膚淺。美國(guó)人對(duì)世界地理的無(wú)知是令美國(guó)國(guó)家地理學(xué)會(huì) （National Geographic Society） 十分痛心的事情。在美國(guó)流傳一個(gè)笑話：東北部的某一個(gè)州的某居民，寫(xiě)信去州政府詢(xún)問(wèn)關(guān)于New Mexico的情形，答復(fù)居然是：關(guān)于別國(guó)的情況我們不大熟悉，無(wú)可奉告。中國(guó)文化的淵源來(lái)自中庸儒學(xué)，這決定了中國(guó)人非常注重面子，注重尊嚴(yán)，任何有損于面子及集體尊嚴(yán)的事是不可饒恕的?；蛘哒f(shuō)，中國(guó)人的行動(dòng)準(zhǔn)則多少有謙牧自守的傳統(tǒng)大國(guó)觀，滲透著“己所不欲，勿施于人”的內(nèi)斂意味。中美文化本質(zhì)上的相悖、兩者間的內(nèi)在矛盾是產(chǎn)生摩擦的主要原因，而中美在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益上的相互補(bǔ)充又將