正說反譯和反說正譯_反譯練習(xí)

1、frost-free refrigeratorFreeze! Wet paint!road ahead closed!admission by invitation only! mortally illSuch friend you are! You wont lend me even 1 pound!The proposal was carried by a very narrow margin. He went to an outdoor phone booth and dialed Chicago, then New York, then San Francisco. Silence.

2、Silence. Silence. 正面反譯即原文從正面表達(dá)，譯文則從反面表達(dá)。 They keep their thoughts and feelings to themselves. Thats a thing that might happen to anyone. The appearance of a person is very deceptive. History is silent about the role China played in World War Two. You are in charge of the job. How could you evade the

3、 issue? Your explanation is far from satisfactory. I have failed to convince him of his error. Please withhold the document for the time being. Please tender exact fare. CIA hears everything. I have read your articlesI expect to meet an old man Osborne was Sedleys godson, and had been one of the fam

4、ily anytime these 23 years. Herb may be dying somewhere ， calling out for his mum and dad ， and only strangers around him. Ill buy it . Catch me making the same error again.I dare him to jump. Keep it dark! For all I care! Its anyones guess. 正面反譯即原文從正面表達(dá)，譯文則從反面表達(dá)。you could have come at a better time

5、.as if any one would believe that story.i will see you dead before i accept your terms.That is more than i can tell you.I am wiser than to believe your story.you might have been more careful.i gave you credit for being more sensible.the bikini was the last thing she would like to wear.His speech has

6、 left much to be desired.His behavior is anything but decent. The decision has yet to come. As a result, many people avoided the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. He felt ill at ease. At present the view is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the

7、basis of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. His answer is beside the mark. The soldiers would fight to death before they surrendered. Behave yourself during my absence. The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war. This is a final decision.（1） 常反譯的動詞 excuse miss Faillack Ignorene

8、glect Overlookexclude refrain fromrefuse Losefancy常反譯的形容詞 Ignorantconstant Neglectedneglectful of regardless offree from safe fromshort of thinabsent常反譯的連詞 ，如： Beforerather than Unlessuntil or (else) 副詞 Littleabsently Insteadseldom Hardlybarely Exactlyotherwise 名詞 Absencefailure Ignoranceanything bu

9、t out of placein doubt Untilwithout exceptpast all doubt The beauty of the scenery passes all power of description The international affairs are to be settled through negotiations and the avoidance of any armed conflicts. It is beyond doubt that China has made brilliant achievements in aviation and

10、space industry in the last forty years please remain seated until the aircraft comes to a complete stop. His arrival three days in advance is beyond our expectation But we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being works

11、 of art. It is past repair There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes The boat sank off the coast. Copper is the best conductor but silver They were of course intending to be s

12、urprised; but their astonishment was beyond their expectation. 英語中有時原詞所表達(dá)的并不是其字面意義，而是其字面意義的反義，或者說是對其字面意義的否定。 riot policecrisis law gas maskhunger marchterror wardust maskthe head of the story spy film Inflation is target of banks new policy. Sidney Simon called the college grading system archaic, pr

13、escientific, bureaucratic invention, and about as accurate as police estimates of crowds of peace marches. 西德尼西蒙稱這種大學(xué)評級制度“是過時的，缺乏科學(xué)驗(yàn)證”，而且還是“官僚主義的產(chǎn)物”而且“簡直同警察估計和平示威人數(shù)一樣準(zhǔn)確?！?（2）This sort of situation highlights a critical weakness in the ANC leadership： accountability. 以上例句是通過分析說話人的語氣來采用反譯法正確表達(dá)語義的。有的句子

14、前面所表達(dá)的意思是否定的，但根據(jù)這個意思得出來的結(jié)論卻是肯定的。為了使其真正含義不至于前后矛盾，我們也采取反譯后面結(jié)論的方法。 2）This sort of situation highlights a critical weakness in the ANC leadership： accountability.(ANC African National Congress) 這種情況突出了非國大領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層方面的極為嚴(yán)重的弱點(diǎn)：有責(zé)任心。 In fact, the willingness to carry out economic reform is one of the most strikin

15、g features of the Chinese government, and it seems to be rooted in confidence rather than security. 容易引起誤解的結(jié)構(gòu)It is a(an) that It is a dirty bird that fouls its own nest. It is a long lane that has no turning. It is a good horse that never stumbles. It is a good workman that never blunders. It is a w

16、ise father who knows his child. It is a good athlete that never loses points. 2. 反面正譯即原文從反面表達(dá),譯文則從正面表達(dá).We must lose no time in carrying out the plan. You cannot be too careful in doing this. We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much. leave no doubt nothing but(or nothing else) neither

17、more nor less than not more thanand what not none but none other than 反面正譯即原文從反面表達(dá),譯文則從正面表達(dá).We must lose no time in carrying out the plan.我們必須立即著手(或抓緊時間)執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計劃.You cannot be too careful in doing this.你們千萬要加倍小心.下面的詞語也常有反面正譯的情況: leave no doubt清楚地表明,undisguised露骨的, uneasy憂慮的/拘束的,illegible字跡模糊的,illibera

18、l粗魯?shù)?disbelief懷疑,nothing but(or nothing else)只不過,neither more nor less than 恰好/簡直,not more than最多, and what not 等等/諸如此類, none but 只有,none other than正是, no end非常。1.3.6 詞語重復(fù)詞語重復(fù)譯法常見于英譯漢。使用詞語重復(fù)譯法機(jī)這種翻譯技巧主呀主要出于語法上的需要。英語以省略見長，漢語則以重復(fù)見長。英語譯成漢語時必然要重復(fù)某些詞語，進(jìn)行詞語的“釋放”，以適應(yīng)漢語語言的特點(diǎn)。也有的時候使用詞語重復(fù)是意思上的需要，利用詞語的重復(fù)體現(xiàn)語義強(qiáng)調(diào)或

19、進(jìn)行語言潤飾We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.對現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的價值無論如何重視也不過分。 Hitlers undisguised effort to persecute the Jews met with world-wide condemnation. Mr. Rumsfeld said the Soviet Union was unprecedentedly engaged in a missle-buidling program. We must never stop taking an optimistic vi

20、ew of life.The significance of these incidents wasnt lost on us. Such mistakes couldnt long escape notice The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. It is the only possession that I have not given up. He was an ind

21、ecisive sort of person and always capricious We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency. You will come to understand that the gold medals will more than bring you honour. I am told that his nasty behavior has more than created some trouble in his class. To our great surpri

22、se, they were more than delighted to stay in the crowded town. Life here is as cheap as taxis are expensive. Japanese household appliances are as reliable in quality as Israeli products are advanced in technology. It is a pity that journalists arent a tenth as good at receiving criticism as they are

23、 at dishing it out. He is too careful not to have noticed it . Elliott was too clever not see that many of the persons who accepted his invitation did so only to get a free meal and that of these some were stupid and some worthless. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not t

24、o know a good deal about love. In no area of medicine is accurate diagnosis more important or in many instances, more difficult. Even so, I still insist that for the individual himself nothing is more important than this personal, interior sense of right and wrong and the determination to follow it.

25、 There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much wat

26、er you drink Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordina

27、tes. The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.反說正譯是重要的翻譯方法之一。常見的反義正譯的例子有： It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.

28、 In that battle, we wiped out no less than twenty thousand enemies. He is no less active than he used to be. I am not so sick but I can come to sit for the exam. Americans carry with them an appearance which is more a result of attitude than of clothing. He is a barrister of Philadelphia, but became

29、 far more renowned by his gun than by his law cases. It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the gameIt was not so much his appearance I appreciated as his personality. The guy got promoted not so much by his utter devotion to his work as b

30、y licking the boots of his superior. The child was less hurt than frightened. They can not do the impossible any more than we can. The whale is no more a fish than a dog is. Early marriages are not bad any more than all the later ones are good. Occeans do not so much divide the world as unite it. Th

31、e car refused to budge. It is not so much that the car is out of order as that I have not learned to operate it. Nothing profits more than self-esteem, grounded on what is just and right. Nothing is more fatal to happiness than the remembrance of happiness. The camping he had been expecting for a we

32、ek was no less than a miserable mistake to him now that it had come. It is no less than natural that he should keep himself dark becase the police are trying to pursue and capture him. His failure is as plain as plain can be. It is never too late to give up our prejudice. He is not so busy but he ca

33、n go for a walk now and then. Carie was too worn by repeated frustration at job application not to jump at the new job offer. Any actor can not well play the role without life experience any more than a dancer can make a difference without much practice.I cant see everybody/everything.All the answer

34、s are not right.All is not gold that glitters. Both of them are not right. all the graduates from the Foreign Language Institute are not appointed to do translation work. He claimed that everything was not straightened out. I did not marry him because I loved him. Africa is not kicking out Western i

35、mperialism in order to invite other new masters. Certainly I do not teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know the answers, nor because I have the knowledge I feel compelled to share. The engine did not stop because the fuel was finished.雙重否定的翻譯 Today，we can do noth

36、ing without electricity In fact，there is scarcely any sphere of life where electricity may not find use ful application In the absence Of gravity，we could do nothing You can never succeed without working hard But for substances，there would be nothing in the world Nothing is unexpected In the neighbo

37、rhood there is nobody who does not know me There is no rule but has exceptions。 He has many enemies,but finds that he is not without friends. Tom doesnt very much dislike his present job。 John is not unable to do it， He will not do it for nothing. Nothing is nothing at all. No place is left unexploi

38、ted in the search for the gun-robber. We cant afford not to believe the missile attack. She never came with out reporting some fresh instance of Wickhams extravagance or irregularity 強(qiáng)調(diào)型雙重否定句 雙重否定句中的兩個否定詞之間在意義上并不總是互相抵消、互相否定，也有可能是其中一個否定詞對另外否定詞在意義上有強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，即存在著“否定否定=強(qiáng)調(diào)否定”的可能性，這樣的雙重否定句就稱為強(qiáng)調(diào)型雙重否定句。在該雙重否定句中，往往是第二個否定詞對第一個否定詞進(jìn)行否定強(qiáng)調(diào)，但卻失去了它的本義，在意義理解上可以用其反義詞來代替。顯然，這樣的表達(dá)要比一般否定句或直接用陳述句在語氣上要強(qiáng)烈。這樣的雙重否定經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在古