一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1、For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use 一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題突破 品味語(yǔ)法 1. I got up early , washed my face, had a quick breakfast and hurried to school. 2. He was watching TV at home from 3 : 00 to 5 : 00 yesterday afternoon. 3. He had just finished sweeping the classroom w

2、hen the teacher returned from the office 自我探究 這三句都使用了過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。第 1句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示 發(fā)生在過(guò)去的”動(dòng)作；第2句是 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示 在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ”;第3句是過(guò)去完成時(shí), 表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作 ”。 講解歸納 一、 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 1. 表示在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 Did you watch the football match broadcast on TV yesterday evening ?你昨晚觀看電視轉(zhuǎn)播 的足球賽了嗎？ 2. 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 I

3、always got up too late, and never had enough time for breakfast. 我總是起床很晚，從來(lái)沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間吃早飯。 【溫馨提示】 這種情況也可用 used to和would表示。 3. 描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生的過(guò)去動(dòng)作。 The students got up early in the morning , did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air. 學(xué)生們起床很早，做早操，然后在室外朗讀英語(yǔ)。 4. 有時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式上為過(guò)去，而實(shí)際上卻指現(xiàn)在，即

4、 原來(lái)想的”與現(xiàn)在的實(shí)際 情況不相符。 I thought you were out.我原以為你出去了。 I didn t know you were he我不知道你在這里。 5. since從句一般用過(guò)去時(shí)。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 自從丈夫死后，她一直過(guò)著艱苦的生活。 二、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1 .表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 This time yesterday we were having an English lesson. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們正在上英語(yǔ)課。 2. 表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

5、。 Shirley was reading a book last night but I don w whether kilne has finished it. 雪莉昨晚一直在看一本書(shū)，不過(guò)我不知道她現(xiàn)在看沒(méi)看完。 3. 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的角度看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，僅用于 come, go, start, leave, stay, arrive等動(dòng)詞。 He told me he was leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 他告訴我他明天將要去上海。 4表示禮貌，并不表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間，而表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的客氣或禮貌。 I was wondering if you could

6、help me look up the word “ erg不知你能否幫我查一下 “ erg 這個(gè)單詞。 三、過(guò)去完成時(shí) 1表示在過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，常用 by, before等介詞短語(yǔ)或 狀語(yǔ)從句表示。 I had learned maths all by myself by the age of fourteen. 我 14歲時(shí)就已自學(xué)完了數(shù)學(xué)。 2. 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前的經(jīng)歷， 常與for，since引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their mar

7、riage. 約翰和簡(jiǎn)在結(jié)婚前就認(rèn)識(shí)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。 四、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別 一般過(guò)去時(shí)側(cè)重說(shuō)明發(fā)生某動(dòng)作的事實(shí)，表示動(dòng)作已完成；過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作 的持續(xù)過(guò)程或動(dòng)作持續(xù)的長(zhǎng)度，表示動(dòng)作未完成。 I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.為避開(kāi)交通擁堵， 我過(guò)去有時(shí)步行 去上班。 He was working from 4 o clock unptpilesrutime. 他從 4 點(diǎn)一直工作到晚飯時(shí)間。 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練 I .用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)填空 1. Your phone number again？I _

8、(not catch)it. It s 69568122. 2. The students _ (write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ (leave) in the office.3.As she _ (read) the newspaper， Granny (fall) asleep.4 . He kept looking at her ， wondering whether he _ (see)her somewhere 5. Professor Liu in our school has become one of

9、the top experts in this field. Yes，I know him very well.He once _ (work) in Africa with wild animals. 6. How did you damage your car so badly? I _ (run) into a tree yesterday. I suppose you _(drive) too fast. 答案：1.didn t catch 2.were writing ; had left 3.was reading; fell 4.had seen 5.worked 6.ran；w

10、ere driving n .單項(xiàng)填空 1. You speak very good French! Thanks.I _ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C.was studying D.had studied 解析：選 A?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句中我在四川大學(xué)學(xué)過(guò) 4年法語(yǔ)是指過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情，所以謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，該題由于有 for four years 造成一部分學(xué)生作出錯(cuò)誤的選擇， 而選擇 D 項(xiàng) 2. Edward，you play so well.But I _ you played the

11、 piano. A.didn t know B.hadnt known C.dont know D.havent known 解析：選A。句意為：愛(ài)德華，你彈得好。但我 ( (以前)不知道你彈鋼琴。所談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的 行為，故用過(guò)去式。 3. We got to the station at 8 : 00, but the train _ at 7 : 30. Aleft Bhad left C. was leaving D. has left 解析：選A。有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間 at 7 : 30,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。 4. （2011 年南通第一中學(xué)質(zhì)檢 ）John was given the sa

12、me suitcase his father and grandfather with them to school. A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take 解析：選 B。題干中的suitcase是指 約翰的父親和祖父”曾經(jīng)帶去上學(xué)的箱子，由此可知 此處需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 5. _ Hi, if you can t enjoy that at a sensible vol,umpleease use the earphone.I m sleeping. I m sorry.I realize it _ you. A. don；tbot

13、hers B. didn ；tbothering C. don；twas bothering D. didn ；twas bothering 解析：選D。表示過(guò)去一直打擾著別人，故選 D項(xiàng)。 6. I don t believe you ve already finished reading t h eI b_o_o_k_ it to youthis morning! A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent 解析：選 D。句意：不相信你已經(jīng)讀完了那本書(shū) 一一今天早晨我才借給你的。根據(jù)句中明 確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) this morning 判斷用

14、一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 7. The telephone _ , but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung 解析：選 B。句意：電話(huà)一直在響，但是我進(jìn)去以后，它卻停了。表示我進(jìn)入房間之前的 時(shí)間里電話(huà)一直在響,所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 8. Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? Yes, I did.You know , my brother _ in the match. A. is playing B. was p

15、laying C. has played D. had played 解析：選 B。句意：一一你看昨天那場(chǎng)籃球賽了嗎？ 一一是的，看了。你知道的，我弟弟 也參加了比賽。比賽中 “我弟弟在打籃球 ”是過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 9. We first met on a train in 2000.We both felt immediately that we _ each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know 解析：選C。句意：2000年在火車(chē)上我們初次見(jiàn)面。那一刻我們都感到彼此已認(rèn)識(shí)多年。 根據(jù)

16、句意,從句動(dòng)作 know 發(fā)生謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作在之前,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 10. （2011 年安徽安慶一中高二測(cè)試 ） Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? Yes, he did.He _ his old friends for a long time. A. didn t see B. wouldnt see C. hasnt seenD. hadnt seen 解析：選 D。句意：一一艾倫昨天和老朋友們玩得高興嗎？ 一一是的，很高興。他已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到他的老朋友了。 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) for a long time 知應(yīng)用完成時(shí)， 而 “很久

17、沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到朋 友”又是昨天之前的事，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 高考真題： 1. 【 2012重慶卷】 22.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong? 22. 【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 答案】 B 解析】 根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的后半句可知， 現(xiàn)在 Kevin 正在等待測(cè)試的成績(jī)， 參加測(cè)試為一個(gè)過(guò)去的 難度】一般 知識(shí)拓展】 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)， 反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其標(biāo)志性狀語(yǔ)常為 in the past, yesterday, just now, the day before 3. 【2012四川卷】 9. Did you catch what I said? A

18、. had answering B. have answered C. would answer D. was answering 答案與解析】 D 本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為： “你聽(tīng)懂我所說(shuō)的了嗎？” 剛在回短信。”根據(jù)句意及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)just now可知，回短信的動(dòng)作正好是發(fā)生在問(wèn)話(huà)人說(shuō)話(huà) 的那一時(shí)間點(diǎn)，即表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故選過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 4. 【 2012 北京卷】 30. Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed. A. had developed B. was developing C. would d

19、evelop D. developed 30. D 。描述在過(guò)去階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，用一般過(guò)去式。 5. 【 2012 全國(guó) II 】14. -Did you ask Sophia for help? A. wouldn t B. don t C. didn t D. won t 答案】 C 解析】句意： - - （過(guò)去）你向 Sophia 尋求幫助了嗎？ - 我沒(méi)有必要向她求助。我自己 就很完美的處理了。對(duì)話(huà)的內(nèi)容談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。-Well, I _ a test and I m waiting for the result. A. wi

20、ll take B. took C. had taken D. take 動(dòng)作，應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。因此，正確答案為 B 選項(xiàng)。 也可表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或 yesterday, last week, in 2000, two weeks ago 2. 【 2012 遼 寧 卷 】 33. Jack is a great something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 答案： D 考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 解析：在句型“ It 中國(guó)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 did 或 should do. 等。 talker. It s high s high/very time that time that he ”中， 從句 Sorry. I a text message just now. 對(duì)不起。我剛 D。 -I need to -I man aged perfectly well on my own. 以下無(wú)正文 僅供個(gè)人用于學(xué)習(xí)、研究；不得用于商業(yè)用途 For personal use only in study and research; not for commerc