英語復(fù)習(xí)資料(小升初)

1、 小升初英語語法一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men woman-women policeman-pol

2、icemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 二、代詞人稱代詞主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞(短)名詞性物主代詞（長）我Ime my mine你 you you your yours他 he him his his她 she her her hers我們 we us our ours你們 you you your yours他們 they them their theirs口

3、訣：主格應(yīng)該作主語，放在句子的開頭;賓格應(yīng)該作賓語，放在動詞介詞后；形容詞性的物主代詞不能單獨用，必須接名詞或其他詞；名詞性的物主代詞，單獨使用就可以。如：I am a student.What is your name?His bag is on the desk. That one is not his.We can from America. We are friends.Let me help you.These shoes are nice. Try them on.They are drinking tea.三、動詞1. be動詞：am is are 2. 普通動詞：have go

4、 come take get buy pass sit stand have talk walk see catch put等。動詞的變化形式：動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、動詞+ing、動詞的過去式（詳見 時態(tài)）3. 情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞can, must, should 后面直接用動詞原形。如： I / He / She / They can sing.        You should keep quiet in the library. You mustnt play with fire. Can you help me?4. 使役動詞

5、：have, make, let后面直接用動詞原形。如：Let me help you.Mother made Jim stay at home all day.四、疑問詞1. what who whose which where when why how 2. “Wh-” questions:What are you doing?What color is it?What time is it? Whats the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Whos the man with a big nose?Wh

6、ose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school everyday?五、形容詞和副詞big small little large tall long short fat thin old new young clean dirty warm hot coo

7、l cold fast slow lazy busy cheap early late high low tired hungry thirsty beautiful delicious expensive favorite friendly popular六、比較級和最高級1一般在形容詞或副詞后+erolder taller longer stronger 2. 多音節(jié)詞前+moremore interesting more exciting 3. 雙寫最后一個字母，再+erbigger fatter4. 把y變i，再+erheavier earlier5. 不規(guī)則變化：well-bette

8、r much/many-more6. favorite 沒有比較級和最高級如下表：形容詞（原級） 比較級 最高級 old older the oldest new newer the newest thin thinner the thinnest big bigger the biggest heavy heavier the heaviest early earlier the earliest boringmore boring the most boring difficult more difficult the most difficult expensive more expen

9、sive the most expensive七、介詞和副詞in on at under in front of behind after over across into out of beside near next to 八、some 和anyI have some toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters?There are some books on the desk.Are there any books on the desk?九、時態(tài)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時，通常用 “usually, often, every day

10、, sometimes”。 1一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。 2一般現(xiàn)在時中，沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動詞要按規(guī)則加上s，主語是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動詞用原形。 3在一般現(xiàn)在時中，句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，否定句在be動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加not，一般疑問句將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在句首。 4在一般現(xiàn)在時中，句中沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動詞前加does+not (doesnt)，一般疑問句在句首加does，句子中原有動詞用原形；主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)，否定句用do+not (dont)，一般疑

11、問句在句首加do，句子中動詞用原形。 動詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies （二）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 be doing, 通常用 “Look!”“now”.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing. 3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)

12、行時的否定句在be后加not。 4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping （三）一般將來時be going to 1be going to 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情。 2肯定句：be going to +動詞原形，如：Jim is going to play footba

13、ll. 否定句：be not going to +動詞原形, 如：Jim is not going to play football. 一般疑問句：把be動詞調(diào)到句首, 如：Is Jim going to play football? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語+going to+動詞原形？如：What is Jim going to do? 疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+be+going to+動詞原形？如：Who is going to play football? will1表示將要發(fā)生的事。2肯定句：I will go to the zoo tomorrow.否定句：I will not

14、 (wont) go to the zoo tomorrow.一般疑問句：Will you go to the zoo tomorrow?特殊疑問句：Who will go to the zoo tomorrow?Where will you go tomorrow?When will you go to the zoo?（四）一般過去時 1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。 2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化： am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere

15、。（were not=werent） 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。 3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went t

16、o home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)則動詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had,

17、eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat十、There be 句型1. 單數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞There is an apple on the plate.Is there an apple on the plate?There isnt an apple on the plate?2. 復(fù)數(shù) 可數(shù)名

18、詞There are some apples on the table.Are there any apples on the table?There arent any apples on the table.3. 不可數(shù)名詞There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isnt any water in the glass.十一、祈使句1. 祈使句的定義祈使句是用來發(fā)出命令或指示，提出要求、建議、勸告等的句子。祈使句的第二人稱主語you通常不表示出來，而是以動詞原形開頭。例如：Be carefu

19、l. 小心。Have a coffee, please. 請喝杯咖啡。Don't worry. 不要擔(dān)心。2. 祈使句的主語(1)省略第二人稱的主語Look out! There's a car coming. 小心！有車來了。Don't touch me. 別碰我。(2)祈使句如需要強調(diào)對方時，亦可把you說出來。You be quiet! 你們安靜！Don't you open the door.你不要開門。(3)祈使句亦可用第三人稱作主語。Somebody open the door.（注意：要用動詞原形）來個人把門打開。Henry read the po

20、em first. （注意：要用動詞原形）亨利先讀這首詩。Parents with children go to the front. 帶孩子的家長到前面去。Don't anybody open the door.（注意：要用don't而不是用doesn't）誰也不要開門。3祈使句的肯定與否定（1）肯定：a. 動詞 多數(shù)的祈使句是以動詞原形開頭的Look right. Look left. Stand up. Sit down.Keep silence. Help! Close the door. Let me try.Let me see. Lets go.b. 形容

21、詞+表語Be quiet. Be quick. Be careful. Be seated.Be on time.Have a cup of tea, please.（2）否定：a. Dont +動詞原形Dont walk. Don't litter. Dont touch. Dont move.Dont cry. Dont worry. Dont run. Dont write.Dont make noise in class.Dont hit other children.Dont climb the trees.b. Dont + be 動詞 + 表語Dont be late.D

22、ont be nervous.c. No + 名詞或動名詞No swimming. No parking. No food. No smoking.No cameras. No bikes.祈使句的否定形式一般是在謂語動詞前加上do not或don't（口語中），有時也可用never。若祈使句有主語，否定詞don't或never要置于主語之前。Do not come in unless asked. 非請莫入。Don't you believe it.決不要相信它。Don't anyone make any noise. 誰也不要吵吵鬧鬧。Never be la

23、te again next time. 下一次千萬不要再遲到了。4. 祈使句：不同的口氣Would you kindly open the door? （最客氣）Will you please open the door? （客氣）Please open the door.（客氣）Open the door, will you? （客氣）Just open the door.（對熟人的要求）Open the door.（略帶命令口氣）Open the door, you? （傲氣十足）5. 祈使句：強調(diào)可以在祈使句的動詞原形之前加上do表示強調(diào)。Do be honest. 一定要誠實。Do b

24、e quiet a moment. 一定要安靜一會兒。Do let me go. 一定讓我去吧。Do tell me the reason. 務(wù)必告訴我理由。6. 祈使句：其他表達(dá)法Patience! 要有耐心！（名詞） Hands up! 舉起手來?。~）Bottoms up! 干杯?。~）After you! 您先請！（介詞短語）Quickly! 快?。ǜ痹~） 十二、必背句型1. What is your name?My name is Li Ming.2. How old are you?Im twelve (years old).3. How are you?Im fine, th

25、ink you.4. What are you doing (now)?I am watching TV.5. What are you going to do tomorrow?I am going to play football.6. What will she do next?She will go shopping.7. What did you do yesterday?I saw a film.8. What color is it?It is pink.9. What time is it? = Whats the time? Its 7 oclock.10. What you

26、r favorite subject?English is my favorite subject.11. Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?The yellow one.12. Which season do you like best?I like summer, because I can swim.13. Whos the man with a big nose?He is my uncle.14. Whose bag is it?Its my mothers.15. Whose socks are these?T

27、hey are Jimmys.16. When is your birthday?My birthday is December, 12th.17. Where is my ball pen?It is in your pencil case.18. Why do you like summer?Because I can eat ice cream.19. How many books are there in the school bag?There are five books in my bag.20. How old is the young man?He is 70 years o

28、ld.21. How much is the toy bear?It is 20 Yuan.22. How do you go to school everyday?I go to school by bus everyday.23. Linlin is good at drawing./ Charlie is not good at dancing.24. Jim is tall. Tom is taller than Jim. Sam is the tallest in our class.25. Betty dances well. Amy dances better than Bett

29、y. Sally dances best.26. There are four seasons in a year, spring, summer, autumn and winter.27. I like bananas. / I like running.28. Its time to go home.Its time to go to school. = Its time for school.29. Excuse me.30. You are welcome. = That all right.31. Nice to nice you. = Nice to see you.32. 打電

30、話：Who is that?This is Tom (speaking).Grammar Exercises:Be動詞用am, is, are 填空（不需要的用“/”表示）。1. My grandma _ a doctor.2. Xiao Ming _ twelve years old. He _ tall and thin.3. Lucy and Lily _ twins.4. There _ an eraser in the pencil-case.5. There _ bananas on the table.6. There _ a book and three pencils on

31、the desk.7. There _ a banana and some pears in the fridge.8. _ you a policeman?No , I _ not.9. _ she a student?Yes, she _.10. Who _ they?11. They _ my classmates, Wang lin and Zhang Jun.12. It _ 8 oclock.13. What day _ it today?14. It _ Tuesday.15. PE _ my favorite class.16. This _ a yellow dress.17

32、. These _ my old clothes.18. I Li Lei. She Lucy. She and I good friends.19. What these over there? Oh, they my sweaters.20. your book red? Yes, it .21. your book and pen red? No, they not.22. your books red? Yes.23. My clothes blue. His yellow.24. Lucy and Lily twins. They American. They look the sa

33、me.25. Miss Gao our English teacher. She has a son.26. His name Sun Huimin. He in our class.27. The students of Class Three on the hill now.冠詞練習(xí)： a, an, the, some, any一、用a, an或the填空（不需要的用“/”表示）：1. This is Ann. She has apple. Its red apple.2. Can you see teacher in the classroom? Which one?3. Where i

34、s teachers desk? Its near window.4. We can find “f” in the word “family”.5. Whats time? Its four oclock.6. Whos man in Picture One?7. Wheres cat? Its under table.8. Dont look at me. Look at teacher.9. students of Class One are playing football.10. Its seven twenty in morning. Its time to go to schoo

35、l.11. Li Lei is at home. He wants to go to classroom.12. What color is bird? Its white. Its white bird.二、用a, an, some 或any 填空。1. This is _ eraser.2. Its _ interesting movie.3. The race had _ exciting finish.4. My friend John is _ engineer and his wife Susan is _ teacher. They have two daughters, Ann

36、a and Christine. They are not children. Anna is _ air hostess and Christine is _ hairdresser. Anna has _ Italian car, but Christine has _ English bicycle. They dont live with their parents: they have _ apartment. It is _ very nice apartment.5. Do you have _ smaller trousers?No , we dont. But we have

37、 _ shorts.6. There is _ tea here, but is there _ sugar in that tin?No, there its _ sugar in this tin.Are there _ biscuits in the cupboard?There were _ here yesterday, but there arent _ here now.7. Good morning, Mrs. What would you like?Id like _ meat.Ok. The beef is nice, too. Would you like _?No, t

38、hanks. My husband doesnt like beef.8. Would you like a cup of tea?Yes, please.Would you like _ milk in it?No, thanks.9. There are _ apples in the basket.10. There arent _ books in the backpack.11. Are there _ tomatoes in the fridge?Yes, there are.12. Is there _ water in the bottle?No, there isnt _ i

39、n the bottle.13. There is _ juice in the glass.代詞練習(xí)一、選擇：1. _ am wearing a white coat.(I / me)2. These green shoes are nice. I like _. (they / them)3. Look! There are some rabbits. Oh! _ are so cute. ( they / them)4. Ann is a good student. _ is good at English. Her teacher likes _. (she / her)5. Look

40、! Some boys are playing football. Who is the boy in the green T-shirt?_ is Robert. _ is my good friend. ( he / him)6. Can _ help you? (I / me)7. Give _ the book, please. (I / me)8. I like these shorts. How much are _? _ 20 Yuan. (they / them)9. Can _ see the cap? (you / him)10. What size do _ want?

41、(you / she)11. I like this tie. How much is _? (it / its)12. _ name is Lily. (I / my)13. _ mother is a doctor. (her / she)14. Ken is shopping with _ father. (he / his)15. Is this _ sweater? (your / you)16. _ are students. (we / us)二、用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空：1、The boy is （I）brother . Please give （I）pen to （he

42、）.2、This is （he）rubber . Where is （I）?3、 （he）is （my father）friend .4、This is not （you）bike . It is （my）.5、Where is Tom ? （he）mother is looking for （he ）.6、This dress is so beautiful . I like （it）color .7、Is that computer （you）? No , it is not （I）.8、You can speak to （I）. I am （they）teacher .9、Are the

43、se （we）clothes ? No , （you）are on the bed .10、Is this （she）car ? No , （she）is over there .11、This is not （us）class . （us）is in that building .12、 （she）is writing a letter to （she）sister .13、 （she）is （we）teacher . We call （she）Miss Li .14、This is （he）coat . That one isnt （he）.15、 （we）are going to hav

44、e a picnic tomorrow . Would you like to join （we）.16、The children are in （Jim）room .三、改錯。1、Is that ruler your ?2、He is ours good friend .3、Hers brothers name is Bob .形容詞性物主代詞一、用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空：1._ is a boy. Do you know _ name?(he) 2._ is a parrot. _ name is JiJi. (it)3._father is an English teacher. _

45、 is my friend._ name is Kitty. (she)4.Lily and _ are in the same class. _number is eleven.( I )5.Where is _ teacher, do _ know?( you)6.Are _ _ Japanese friends? No, _ arent.( they)7._ old friend / _ X / _ U (a).8.This is a cat, but I dont know_ name.9.Im a Chinese boy. _ name is Ma Wei ping.10.Look

46、at that man. Can you spell _ name?11.I know that woman. _ bike is very old.12.Mr Ye is not here. Wheres _?13.What is this in English ? Is _ a dog ?14.-Are _ Mrs. Read ? -Sorry, _ am Mr Black.15.Excuse _, is _a Japanese car?16._ are a new student(學(xué)生). Whats _ name?17.Hi, Jack. This is _ friend. _name

47、 is Sam.二、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞、物主代詞填空：1.    Mary works in a book store. _   likes _work very much.2.    John and I are in the same school. _  go to 

48、school together.3.    Everybody likes that sport, do _?4.    She is a friend of _ . We got to know each other two years ago.5.    Her&#

49、160;sister makes all  _  own dresses.6.    I have many friends. Some of_are good at English.7.    May I use _  bike? _is broken介詞、副詞、連詞綜合練習(xí)一、用in, on,

50、at, over, in front of, between and, across, of, behind, after, under, to, off, along, out of , into, up, down, and, but, or填空。1. There are four seasons _ a year.2. What do you wear _ sunny days?3. What do you wear _ winter?4. We have no classes _ Sundays.5. My birthday is _ September.6. My birthday is _ June 18th.7. I get up _ half past six every day.8. We have PE class _ Thursday.9. I always read _ the morning.10. My father watches TV _ the even