小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)

1、小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)（含練習(xí)部分）一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以 “輔音字母y ”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i,再加 -es ，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以 “f 或 fe ”結(jié)尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加 -es ，如： knife-knives Leaf leaves5 不規(guī)則名詞

2、復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich _dish_b

3、us_man_ woman_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【 No. 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be 動(dòng)詞：主語 be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語行為動(dòng)詞 ( 其它 )。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第

4、三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s" 或 "-es" 。如： Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語?！?No. 2 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be 動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語be not其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be主語其它。如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.非凡疑問句：疑問詞一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語don't( doesn't )

5、動(dòng)詞原形( 其它 )。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does )主語動(dòng)詞原形其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.動(dòng)詞 s 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-

6、s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2以 s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以 “輔音字母 y ”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es ，如： study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式

7、填空。4. He often _(have) dinner at home.5. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.6. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.7. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.8. _ they _(like) the World Cup?9. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?10. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?11. The girl _(teach) us English

8、on Sundays.12. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.13. There _(be) some water in the bottle.14. Mike _(like) cooking.15. They _(have) the same hobby.16. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.17. You always _(do) your homework well.18. I _(be) ill. I m staying in bed.19. She _(go) to s

9、chool from Monday to Friday.20. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.21. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.22. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.23. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be 動(dòng)詞 ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be 后加

10、not 。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 be 主語 動(dòng)詞 ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意be動(dòng)詞 ing?動(dòng)詞加ing 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing ，如： cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing ，如： run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make

11、_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：24. The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.25. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .26. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.27. What _ you _ ( do ) now?28. Look . T

12、hey _( have) an English lesson .29. They _(not ,water) the flowers now.30. Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .31. What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.32. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now33. _Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備

13、做某事。 句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month,year ?),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to do； will do.三、否定句：在be 動(dòng)詞（ am, is, are） l 后加not 或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will 后加 not 成 won t。例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同義句：be going to = willI

14、 am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。3. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.4. 我們將要學(xué)習(xí)語英We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般過去時(shí)1 一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2 Be 動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變：

15、化 am和 is 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was 。（ was not=wasn）t are 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were 。（ were not=weren）t3 句中沒有be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn 動(dòng) t 詞原形，如：Jim didntgo home yesterday.動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed ，如： work_-worked , cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e 加 d ，如： live_lived3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed ，如： stop-stopped4以 “輔音字母 y ”結(jié)尾的，y變?yōu)閕

16、， 再加 -ed ，如： study-studied5 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ ma

17、ke _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1 ）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空34. I _ at school just now.35. He _ at the camp last week.36. We _ students two years ago.37. They _ on the farm a moment ago.38. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.39. There _ an apple

18、 on the plate yesterday.40. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.41. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空5. I _ an English teacher now.6. She _ happy yesterday.7. They _ glad to see each other last month.行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（2 ）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空3. I _ (watch)

19、a cartoon on Saturday.4. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.5. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)6. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?7. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.8. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.9. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.10. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性I me my mineyou you youryo