人教英語必修一Unit1FriendshipSectionCGrammar同課異構(gòu)2

1、Unit 1 FriendshipLearning about language1 Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.Discovering useful words and expressions 1. _ not inside a building2. _ feeling disturbed3. _ to be worried about4. _ free, not tied up5. _ to experience something6. _ to take no no

2、tice of outdoorsgo throughlooseupsetignorebe concerned about 7. _ staying close to and looking at somebody8. _ to become quiet after nervous activity9. _ piece of material hung to cover a window10. _ number of things that happen one after anothercalm downcurtainseriesface to face Annes sister, Margo

3、t, was very _ that the family had to move. However, she knew that she had to _ all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place, because she was _ whether they would be discovered. concerned about upset go throughcalm down2 Complete this passage with s

4、ome of the words and phrases above. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. What she really missed was going _ walking the dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to watch it run _ in the park. She wished she could tell her neighbour_ that she was sorry not to be able to

5、do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous!outdoorslooseface to face 1. When the man saw the car accident on the highway, he stopped _ offer help.2. “How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when its so dirty and _? It will only make her worse.” said the doctor.3 Complete the s

6、entences using words and expressions from the text. in order todusty3. After Peter died, George _ the story of their friendship in a book.4. When the street lights go on _,they make a beautiful picture, so different from the daytime. 5. Good friends do not _ what they do for each other; instead they

7、 offer help when it is needed.set downat duskadd up6. Although Tim and Mike come from _ different backgrounds, they became close friends.7. Please draw the _; the sunlight is too bright.8. “Sorry, I didnt break the plate _.” “ Its OK. Dont worry about it.” entirelycurtainson purposeGrammarDirect and

8、 Indirect Speech 直接引語直接引語:直接引用別人的話直接引用別人的話, 把它放在引號內(nèi)。把它放在引號內(nèi)。 (direct speech)間接引語間接引語:用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。(indirect speech)I am a beautiful girl.She said that she was a beautiful girl.What did the girl say?1.1.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的陳述轉(zhuǎn)述他人的陳述陳述句陳述句She asked me what I was doing.She said , “Im going to Beijing.”She

9、said that she was going to Beijing.He asked, “Are you a doctor?”He asked me if/whether I was a doctor.She asked, “What are you doing?”2.2.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的疑問轉(zhuǎn)述他人的疑問一般疑問句一般疑問句3.3.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的問題轉(zhuǎn)述他人的問題特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 陳述句陳述句用連詞用連詞that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), that在口語中常省略。在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直接用引語中的主句的謂語動詞可直接用引語中的said, 也可用也可用told來代替來代替, 注意注意, 可以說可以說s

10、aid that, said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可直接說不可直接說 told that。直接引語變成間接引語直接引語變成間接引語, 句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化He said, “I have been to Japan.” He said to us that he had been to Japan. She said, “Ill give you an exam tomorrow.” She told us that she would give us an exam tomorrow. 陳述句解題步驟陳述句解題步驟: :“I dont like

11、computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that (I dont like computers.)didntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.間接引語用連詞間接引語用連詞whether或或if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 原原主句中謂語動詞主句中謂語動詞said要改為要改為asked (me/him/us等等), 語序是陳述句的語序。語序是陳述句的語序。一般疑問句一般疑問句Tom said, “Do you have any difficul

12、ty with English?” Tom asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with English. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 一般疑問句解題步驟一般疑問句解題步驟:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve

13、 the condition of the soil.(it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.)askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞, 主句的謂語動詞用主句的謂語動詞用ask (sb.) 來表達(dá)來表達(dá), 語序改為陳述句語序。語序改為陳述句語序。特殊疑問句特殊疑問句He said to me, “Where are you from?” He asked me w

14、here I was from. He asked us, “How many factories are there in your country?” He asked us how many factories there were in our country. 特殊疑問句解題步驟：特殊疑問句解題步驟：When do you harvest the wheat?( They asked him )They asked him Whenyou harvest the wheat(you harvest the wheat.)heharvestedThey asked him when h

15、e harvested the wheat.He asked, “Do you speak English or Chinese?” He asked me whether I spoke English or Chinese. I asked, “Will you take a bus or on foot?” I asked him whether he would take a bus or on foot. 用用whetheror表達(dá)表達(dá)(不用不用if/eitheror)選擇疑問句選擇疑問句謂語動詞時(shí)態(tài)變化需要注意幾點(diǎn)：謂語動詞時(shí)態(tài)變化需要注意幾點(diǎn)：1. 直接引語表述的是客觀真理直接引

16、語表述的是客觀真理, 變?yōu)殚g接變?yōu)殚g接 引語時(shí)引語時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)不變。時(shí)態(tài)不變。The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.” The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 如果直接引語所表述的內(nèi)容在目前如果直接引語所表述的內(nèi)容在目前 和說話時(shí)同樣有效和說話時(shí)同樣有效, 變間接引語時(shí)變間接引語時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)可不變。時(shí)態(tài)可不變。The children said, “We l

17、ove this game.”The children told us that they love that game.She says that shell never forget the days in the country.3. 主句謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主句謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài), 在引述時(shí)在引述時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)不變。時(shí)態(tài)不變。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”Direct speechIndirect speechSentence structurestatement say/tell sb. (that)

18、+從句從句一般疑問句一般疑問句ask/wonder whether/if +陳述句語序陳述句語序特殊疑問句特殊疑問句ask/wonder wh-word +陳述句語序陳述句語序在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)需要在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)需要注意的變化注意的變化1. 注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化2. 注意人稱和指示代詞變化注意人稱和指示代詞變化 3. 注意時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的變化注意時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的變化4. 注意個(gè)別趨向動詞的變化注意個(gè)別趨向動詞的變化直接引語直接引語direct speech間接引語間接引語indirect speech一般一般現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)一般一般過去過去時(shí)時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)過去過去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行

19、時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成時(shí)過去過去完成時(shí)完成時(shí)一般一般過去過去時(shí)時(shí)過去完成過去完成時(shí)時(shí)一般一般將來時(shí)將來時(shí)過去過去將來時(shí)將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechPronouns第三人稱第三人稱第一或第三人稱第一或第三人稱thatthoseDirect SpeechIndirect Speech時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語nowthentodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforethis week/month that week/monthlast week/monththat week/monthbeforethree

20、days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next day/the following day地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語herethereDirect SpeechIndirect Speech方向方向性動性動詞詞come go bring takeborrowlend 直接引語中的助動詞直接引語中的助動詞 間接引語中的助動詞間接引語中的助動詞shallshouldshouldshould (不變不變)willwouldwouldWould (不變不變)maymightmightmight (不變不變)cancouldcouldcould (不變不變)mustmust/h

21、ad toHe said heplays footballis playinghas playedplayedwill playhad playedplayed footballwas playinghad playedhad playedwould playhad playedAttention:When direct speech is about: a) a truth 真理真理 b) a timetable 時(shí)間表時(shí)間表c) a saying/proverb/quotation 格言格言/ /引用語引用語d) An adverbial indicating the past 過去的時(shí)間

22、狀語過去的時(shí)間狀語There are some cases in which we dont need to change the tense in indirect speech.1. He said, “the earth goes around the sun.”2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.”3. He said, “Rome isnt built in a day.”4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”Change direct speech into indirect speech:He

23、 said that the earth goes around the sun.He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.He said that Rome isnt built in a day.Tom said he was born in July, 1978.5. He said, “Im afraid I cant finish this work.”6. He said, “I havent heard from him since May.” 7. Tom said “I will see you next week.”He said t

24、hat he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.8. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 9. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.10. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.The tea

25、cher asked me why I was late again.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.Try to do SB P. 5 Ex.2 Change the sentences either into direct speech or indirect speech:1. Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2. Anne told her father

26、 that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly. 4. Her father asked her why she had chosen her diary and old letters.5. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/

27、said to her.6. “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.7. “When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.8. “Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne. 1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you l

28、ooktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayD Choose the best answer.2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C. they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow C 3. Mr. Black said, “I have walked

29、a long way this week.” Mr. Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis weekB 4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he wouldthe next day D 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that