高中英語(yǔ)必修5UNIT1

1、文檔供參考，可復(fù)制、編制，期待您的好評(píng)與關(guān)注！ 模塊5 Unit 1 Great Scientists 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)探究1. Who put forward a theory about black holes?Put forward要點(diǎn)提示 提出（建議等）；提名He put forward a new plan. 他提出一個(gè)新計(jì)劃。May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你當(dāng)委員會(huì)主席？歸納拓展put down 記下；鎮(zhèn)壓put out 關(guān)掉；熄滅put aside 放在一邊；儲(chǔ)存；保留pu

2、t off 推遲；延期put up 建造；舉起；張貼put on 穿上put away 收好選詞填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）The plan that you _ at the meeting is wonderful.Many tall buildings were _ along the road.Firefighters have been called to _ the fire in the city center.He has a little money to _ for a rainy day.Dont

3、 _ until tomorrow what can be done today.2. Repeat if necessary.(1) repeat 要點(diǎn)提示 vt&vi 再說(shuō)；再做；復(fù)述to repeat a mistake 重復(fù)錯(cuò)誤to repeat that 再說(shuō)一遍Could you repeat the question? 你能把這個(gè)問(wèn)題重復(fù)一下嗎？歸納拓展repeatability 可重復(fù)性；反復(fù)性；再現(xiàn)性；重復(fù)精讀repeatable adj. 可重復(fù)的repeated adj. 重復(fù)的，再三的repeat oneself 反復(fù)做同樣的事情(2) if necessary 要點(diǎn)提

4、示if necessary是一種省略句式。在while, when, until, unless, if, once等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且從句的謂語(yǔ)部分含動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be。When (I was) a boy, I looked at such things quite differently.我小時(shí)候?qū)@些事物的看法是完全不同的。Dont speak until (you are) spoken to. 別人沒(méi)有跟你講話(huà)，你就不要開(kāi)口。單項(xiàng)選擇Though _ money, his parents managed to send him

5、to university. A. lacked B. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (1) exposed to cholera要點(diǎn)提示exposed to cholera 在句中是過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)。意為“患霍亂的”。如：The book written by Luxun is very popular. 魯迅寫(xiě)的書(shū)是很受歡迎的。The man seen by us

6、 yesterday is Professor Smith. 昨天我們看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人是史密斯教授。(2) expose要點(diǎn)提示暴露He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮膚暴露在陽(yáng)光下。揭露He exposed their plot. 他揭穿了他們的陰謀。The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 對(duì)貪官污吏的罪行一定要毫無(wú)保留地予以揭發(fā)。歸納拓展exposed adj. 暴露的，暴露于風(fēng)雨中的，無(wú)掩蔽的exposedness n. 暴露，顯露expose to 使易

7、受，使受 expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下expose a fraud 揭穿騙局單項(xiàng)選擇The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded4. He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people. (1) explaining

8、 how cholera killed people 要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)在此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，這個(gè)分詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的形式。如：There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.=There was a terrible noise which followed the burst of light.突然來(lái)電之后有一陣可怕的噪音。(2) get interested in要點(diǎn)提示此結(jié)構(gòu)意為“對(duì)產(chǎn)生興趣”。get為系動(dòng)詞。如：I got lost in the forest. 我在森林中迷路了。I got

9、separated from my friends when we were in the crowds.在人群中我和我的朋友被分開(kāi)了。歸納拓展get的用法歸納get+sb. +sth. 為某人弄到某物Will you please get me a ticket for the football match?請(qǐng)給我弄張足球賽的門(mén)票好嗎？get+sth. +adj. 使某物處于某種狀態(tài)We have got everything ready for the sports meeting.我們已經(jīng)為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做好了一切準(zhǔn)備。get + sth. +done 使某事被做You must get you

10、r homework done before you watch TV.你看電視前務(wù)必把家庭作業(yè)完成。Youd better go and get your hair cut. 你最好去理個(gè)發(fā)。get + sb. / sth. +doing 讓某人（物）行動(dòng)起來(lái)My duty was to get the four of us studying the subject. 我的責(zé)任是使我們四個(gè)人研究這個(gè)主題。Who can get the machine running? 誰(shuí)能啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器？get +sb. +to do 使某人做某事My idea is that we should get a

11、 porter to carry our luggage. 我的想法是我們得請(qǐng)個(gè)搬運(yùn)工來(lái)搬動(dòng)行李。get + adj. (get是連系動(dòng)詞)In summer it doesnt get dark until after eight oclock.夏天，直到八點(diǎn)過(guò)后，天色才暗下來(lái)。單項(xiàng)選擇As we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends. (NMET 2001)A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missedThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the

12、visitors to the beauty of nature. (2004上海)A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt5. It seemed the water was to blame. (1) be to +動(dòng)詞原形要點(diǎn)提示be +動(dòng)詞不定式，可以表示該做或不該做的事情，想當(dāng)于must, should, ought to等。如：No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.沒(méi)有警察的允許誰(shuí)也不準(zhǔn)離開(kāi)這棟樓。You are not to dro

13、p litter in the park. 公園里不允許亂丟垃圾。(2) blame 要點(diǎn)提示v. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把歸咎于It is I who am to blame. 應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備的是我。n. 過(guò)失，責(zé)任lay / put the blame on sb for sth單項(xiàng)填空If you fail the exam, you will only have yourself _. A. being blamedB. blamingC. blameD. to blameWho is _ the fire in the kitchen?A. to blame for B. to blameC.

14、blame forD. blame同義句轉(zhuǎn)換She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. She _ the blame for the failure of their marriage _ him.6. In addition, he found two other deaths in another parts of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. (1) in addition要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)屬副詞用法，相當(dāng)于as well as，如接賓語(yǔ)，則用in addi

15、tion to。如：In addition, the course also produces practical experience. 此外這門(mén)功課還提供了實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)。(2) link要點(diǎn)提示v. 把與連接；了解。如：Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.指紋證實(shí)了嫌疑犯的犯罪事實(shí)。The two towns are linked by a railway.這兩個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)由一條鐵路連接起來(lái)。These pieces of information link up to suggest who the thief was.這些證據(jù)拼湊起來(lái)就提示出

16、小偷是誰(shuí)了。n. 了解；連接；環(huán)歸納拓展下列短語(yǔ)均表示“將和連接或了解起來(lái)”之意：link withlink and (together)link uplink to介詞填空Television stations around the world are linked _ satellites.The newspaper linked his name _ hers.This is the new road being built to link _ the two motorways.7. Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was

17、 confused. confuse要點(diǎn)提示v. 使混亂；使迷惑We tried to confuse the enemies. 我們?cè)噲D迷惑敵人?；煜换焱珼ont confuse the black and white. 不要混淆黑白。歸納拓展confusion n. 混亂，混淆confusedly adv. 受困惑地，混亂地，慌亂地confused adj. 困惑的，煩惱的confusable adj. 易被混淆的8. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make

18、sense. (1) only if要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)意為“只有；只要”當(dāng)以only引導(dǎo)的知語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，句子需要倒裝，如：Only if a teacher gives permission is a student allowed to enter the room.只有得到老師的允許，學(xué)生才能進(jìn)這房間。Only by shouting and waving his hands could he be noticed.只有靠大聲呼叫和晃動(dòng)手才能使人注意到他。歸納拓展辨析only if 與if onlyonly if表示“只有”；if only則表示“如果就好了”I wa

19、ke up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒。If only he comes early. 但愿他早點(diǎn)回來(lái)。單項(xiàng)選擇Only when your identity has been checked, _. (2003上海高考)A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in(2) make sense要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)意為“講得通；有道理”Here, read the sentence. It donest se

20、em to make sense. 看這里，讀這個(gè)句子，好像一點(diǎn)也講不通。Your story doesnt make sense to me. 你編的故事我聽(tīng)不明白。歸納拓展make out 勉強(qiáng)認(rèn)出make for 移向；走向make up 化妝；擔(dān)造，虛構(gòu)make up for 彌補(bǔ)；補(bǔ)償make of 理解；解釋9. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.

21、 Would have done要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，或本來(lái)要做某事卻因某種原因未做成，通常用來(lái)說(shuō)明某一情況，但不像should或ought to 那樣含有責(zé)備之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.我猜這位詩(shī)人寫(xiě)第一首詩(shī)歌的時(shí)候，大概20歲左右。Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.想必另外一位工人不會(huì)那樣做的。歸納拓展neednt have+過(guò)去分詞，表示做了不必做的事，相當(dāng)于didnt need

22、to do，譯為“其實(shí)沒(méi)必要”should have+過(guò)去分詞，表示應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上未做，譯為“本應(yīng)該”should not+have+過(guò)去分詞，表示本不應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際做了，譯為“本不應(yīng)該”ought to have +過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作按理該發(fā)生了，但實(shí)際示發(fā)生，譯為“該”，與should的完成式含義類(lèi)似。單項(xiàng)選擇I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. (NMET 2001)A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have leftD. neednt lea

23、veSorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. (NMET 2000)A. mightB. shouldC. canD. willThe mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2006. (2004北京春招)A. has been completedB. has completedC. will have been completedD. will have

24、completed10. He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. With the planets going round it 要點(diǎn)提示本結(jié)構(gòu)是with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，作賓補(bǔ)的可以是介詞短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞不定式等?，F(xiàn)將其基本形式歸納如下：with+n. / pron. +介詞短語(yǔ)He sat th

25、ere with a smile on his face. 他微笑著坐在那里。She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass o both sides. 她看見(jiàn)一條兩邊是紅花和綠草的小溪。with +n. / pron. +副詞With Mr Smith away, weve got more room.史密斯先生走了，我們有了更多的地方。with+n. / pron. +不定式With nothing to do, we went to the cinema. 因無(wú)事可做，我們?nèi)チ穗娪霸骸ith so much work to do, he

26、 could not go home. 因?yàn)橛性S多工作要做，他不能回家。with+n. / pron. +現(xiàn)在分詞The street was quiet with no buses running.街上靜悄悄沒(méi)有汽車(chē)行駛。with+n. / pron.+過(guò)去分詞In came a man with his hands tied back. 進(jìn)來(lái)一個(gè)人，手綁在背后。She sat there with her head bent. 她坐在那里，低著頭。With +n. / pron. +形容詞He wore a shirt with the neck open, showing his bar

27、e chest.他穿著一個(gè)開(kāi)領(lǐng)的襯衣，露著胸膛。單項(xiàng)選擇_ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004北京春招)A. With B. BesidesC. As forD. Because of學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)自測(cè)一、單詞演練：根據(jù)中文或首字母提示，結(jié)合句意寫(xiě)出空白處各單詞的正確形式。1. Only by _（科學(xué)）training can Liu Xiang make such rapid progress in the 110-metre hurdles.2. The doctor _（檢查）the

28、 patient carefully but found nothing serious.3. She _（結(jié)束）her talk with a funny story.4. He doesnt know much about the subject, but hes very _(熱心).5. The _（特點(diǎn)）I like best in him is his cheerfulness.6. Einstein put forward his T_ of Relativity in 1905, which has had great influence on the world of sci

29、ence.7. They had a quiet weddingonly a few friends a_ it.8. Your help was most v_. Without it we couldnt have finished the job.9. Have they a _ when the race will begin?10. Hes very old, and his m_ are getting slower and slower.二、對(duì)號(hào)入座：用所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成下列各句。if only look up to make sense lead to in addi

30、tion to defeat enthusiasm link attend cure1. I dont think your words _.2. _ I were 10 years younger!3. He draws well, _ being an excellent writer.4. We all _ him because of his bravery.5. His carelessness _ an accident.6. He _ all the other players in the game.7. There was no one to _ on him but his

31、 sister.8. It seems that nobody can _ me of smoking.9. They established trade _ with Asia.10. You dont sound _ about going to Spain.三、句意轉(zhuǎn)換（一）詞匯替換：從本單元選擇合適的詞語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意用其正確形式替換下列句子中或線(xiàn)部分的詞語(yǔ)。1. This is the plan which was suggested at the meeting.2. The surrounding villages have been taken in the growing cit

32、y.3. The statue was taken away from the city center to the park.4. I want to have my own car.5. Besides some injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換：在空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其意思和所給句子相同，每空只填一詞。6. A. She got someone to deliver the water to her home every day. B. She _ the water _ to her home eve

33、ry day.7. A. He suggested examining the source of all water supplies. B. He suggested that the source of all water supplies _.8. A. He worked on his theory and gradually improved it until it was complete. B. He worked on his theory, gradually _ it until it was complete.9. A. He placed a fixed sun at

34、 the center of the solar system with the planets going around it. B. He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system _ the planets go around it.10. A. He only published his ideas as he was to die in 1543. B. He only got his ideas _ as he lay _ in 1543.四、單項(xiàng)選擇：從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1. Sarah, hurry up, Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party. A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change2. How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holidays?I think wed better fly there. Its much more unfortable.A. insistB. wantC. supposeD. suggest3. The mother didnt