輪機英語36課件

1、 Lesson 36 General Rules onWorking in Machinery Space 第第3636課課 機艙工作基本規(guī)程機艙工作基本規(guī)程.l. All operations in machineryspaces should be performed by acompetent(適任的適任的) personunder the supervision(監(jiān)督監(jiān)督)of a responsible officer or asenior rating(高級船員高級船員). 2. No work other than routine(日日常的常的) duties should be

2、 undertakenexcept on the orders from theresponsible officer. Maintenance work should be carried out inaccording with manufacturers(生產廠家的生產廠家的)instructionmanuals(說明書說明書).3. Moving parts of machineryshould be provided withpermanent(永久的永久的) guards orother safety devices such asrailings(圍欄圍欄) and fencin

3、g(護護欄欄).4. If the use of any piece ofmachinery or equipment isconsidered to be unsafe, it shouldbe immobilized(固定不動固定不動) or putin a safe place or condition (調調整整)immediately and, if necessary, awarning notice(警告警告) should beposted(張貼張貼) adjacent to or at thecontrol position.5. No guardguard( (防護裝置防護

4、裝置) ),fencing or shieldingshielding( (保護保護罩罩) ) for repair ormaintenance except when themachinery to which itrelates has been stopped.The machinery should not berestarted until the fencingor shielding has beenreplaced and secured. 6. All valves, pipes and fittings(附附件件) should be adequately supporte

5、dand fixed or clamped(夾緊夾緊) toavoid vibration and possiblefracture. All such fixtures andsupports should be properlymaintained and replaced aftermaintenance.7. All items such as steam pipes,exhaust pipes and fittings which,because of their location andoperating temperature, present ahazard, should b

6、e adequatelylagged(用隔熱材料保護用隔熱材料保護) andshielded.8. The source of oil leak should belocated as soon as possible andleak stopped.9. Waste oil should not be allowedto accumulate in bilges or on tanktops.Any accumulation should beremoved in accordance withMARPOL. Tank top and bilgespaces should be washed

7、 down atregular intervals or as necessaryfor safety. 10. A procedure should be inplace(設置設置) to ensure that,whenever a fuel oil tank is beingfilled, or the contents of oneare being transferred to another,it does not overflow(溢流溢流).Such a procedure may be in writingand may include permanentlydisplaye

8、d line diagrams(管路圖管路圖)and particulars(細節(jié)細節(jié)). Wheneverfuel oil is being loaded ortransferred, the operation should besupervised by a competent person.11. Bilges and mud-boxes(泥箱泥箱)should be kept clear of rubbish(垃圾垃圾) and other substances sothat the bilges can be easilypumped. 12. Special attention

9、should begiven to preventing leakage intomachinery spaces of exhaustgases, from boilers, inert gas(惰惰性氣體性氣體) plants, uptakes, etc.13. Ventilation should bemaintained to ensure comfortableatmosphere so far as reasonablepracticable(只要合理可行只要合理可行) in allareas, with special attention beinggiven to workin

10、g areas and controlrooms. Ventilation should be increased ifnecessary where maintenancework have to be carried out inareas of high temperature or highhumidity.14. All drains on such equipmentas pipes and filters should be clear.15. Care should be taken toensure that any pressure in allrelevant pipin

11、g, system orcontainer has been relieved(泄放泄放)before it is opened or any flangeor joint is broken.16. As a precaution bolts shouldbe only slacked back and notremoved until the flange or jointis broken. 17. If the flange or joint does notpart(分開分開) easily, separationshould be made with a wedge(楔楔子子) a

12、nd not by allowing pressureinto the line. The pipe should besecured(固定固定) temporarily ifnecessary before the flange orjoint is broken.18. It should be remembered thatvalves may not be completelytight nor lines fully drained andthat pressure, or accumulationsof oil and scalding water(沸水沸水),may build

13、up in a pipe even afterthe pressure has been relieved.19. Any valve controlling flowshould be effectively locked orsecured as long as the linesremains open, and if necessary awarning notice should be posted.20. All stores and tools should beproperly stowed(放置放置) andadequate arrangements should bemad

14、e, particularly with heavystores, to secure each item inheavy weather.21. When lifting weights,seafarers should avoid strains(扭扭傷傷) by using chainblocks(鏈滑鏈滑輪組輪組) or the engine room crane,as appropriate. When turningvalves or handwheels, seafarersshould avoid strains by usinglever or wheel spanners.

15、 22. Where heavy items are liftedby chainblocks or engine roomcrane, the lifting device or liftingarrangement should be examinedby a responsible person, whowould ensure that the safeworking load is not exceeded.23. SlingsSlings( (吊貨索吊貨索) ) shouldbe examined for broken or raggedragged( (破損處破損處) ) sta

16、nds, and paddedpadded( (整平整平) ) as required to avoid damage on sharp edges. 24. Where lifting or eyeeyeboltsbolts( (吊環(huán)螺栓吊環(huán)螺栓) ) are to beused, the threadthread( (螺紋螺紋) ) onthe bolt and in the part tobe lifted should be seen tobe clean and in goodcondition,. and the threaded part fullyscrewed home an

17、d locked asappropriate before any liftingeffort is applied. This is particularlyimportant when liftingheavy machinery parts, whencare should be taken thatcarbon is removed fromthe threaded recessrecess( (凹槽凹槽) ),if necessary by runningdown the appropriate taptap( (絲絲攻攻) ) before screwing homethe bol

18、t. 25. Hoisting or lowering, whetherby crane or by chainblocks,should be performed only after allpersons involved have beeninformed the intended action. 26. Any friction fit(粘貼粘貼),tightness or adhesion(粘著粘著) ofthe part of any load being liftedshould be broken by wedge ortapping(敲打敲打) and not byincreasing the load on theapplianc