2016新課標創(chuàng)新人教英語選修六 Unit 4 Section 3

1、語法初識原句感知自主探究There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere fro

2、m 1957 to 1997.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.It was during the 20th century that the temperature of the earth went up about one degree Fahrenheit.這些句子都是強調(diào)句，句中的黑體詞部分標出了句中的強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，即：it is/was 被強調(diào)部分that/who .。句首詞用

3、it；be動詞總是用單數(shù)形式，即is或was；連接詞一般用that，當強調(diào)部分是人時，強調(diào)連接詞也可用who。語法剖析語法點一強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/was 被強調(diào)部分 that/who 其他剩余部分。It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.是約翰昨天在市場上買了輛舊自行車。(強調(diào)主語)It was an old bike that John bought yesterday in a marketplace.昨天約翰在市場上買的是輛舊自行車。(強調(diào)賓語)It was ye

4、sterday that John bought an old bike in a marketplace.約翰是昨天在市場上買了輛舊自行車。(強調(diào)時間狀語)It was in a marketplace that John bought an old bike yesterday.昨天約翰是在市場上買了輛舊自行車。(強調(diào)地點狀語)It is only when you have your own children that you realize the troubles of parenthood.只有當你有了自己的孩子，才能真切地了解到為人父母的辛苦。(強調(diào)時間狀語從句)點津(1)強調(diào)句

5、可以強調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語，但不能強調(diào)謂語，強調(diào)謂語動詞要用“do/does/did動詞原形”。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務(wù)必要小心??！(2)當被強調(diào)部分是人時，可用that/who，其他情況都用that。(3)強調(diào)時間、地點、原因時不能用when, where, why，只能用that。即時演練1同義句改寫 (用強調(diào)句型改寫下列句子)Tom met your sister in the zoo yesterday.(強調(diào)主語)It was Tom that/who met your sister in the zoo yeste

6、rday.He came across his friend in the park yesterday. (強調(diào)地點狀語)It was in the park that he came across his friend yesterday.They could not cross the river because the water had risen. (強調(diào)原因狀語從句)It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.He finished his homework yesterday. (

7、強調(diào)謂語)He did finish his homework yesterday.語法點二強調(diào)句型的疑問形式1一般疑問句：Is/Wasit被強調(diào)部分that/who其他成分？Was it Li Ping that/who he met yesterday?他昨天遇到的人是李平嗎？Was it last year that you got the degree?你是在去年獲得學位的嗎？2特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞is/wasitthat其他成分？Where was it that you met Tom yesterday?昨天你是在哪兒遇見湯姆的？Who was it that came up

8、with the bright idea? 究竟是誰提出了好的主意？點津強調(diào)句型也可用于賓語從句中，但注意語序要用陳述句語序：動詞特殊疑問詞it is/wasthat其他。I wonder why it was that he gave up his well­paid job.我不知道他為什么放棄他的高薪工作。即時演練2完成句子I've already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.我已經(jīng)忘了你到底把字典放到哪里了。When and where was it that you got to know M

9、ary?究竟在何時何地你認識的瑪麗？Was it in the park that he met our new teacher?他是在公園里遇到我們的新老師的嗎？How long was it that you last saw her?你上一次看見她是多久的事了？語法點三not . until句型強調(diào)句式基本句式為：It is/was not until . that句子其他部分。He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.It was not until his wife came back that he went to

10、bed.直到妻子回來他才睡覺。點津強調(diào)句型中只能用until，不能用till。但如果不是強調(diào)句型，till，until可通用。且強調(diào)句型It is/was not until .已經(jīng)是否定句了，所以that后面的句子的謂語要用肯定形式。即時演練3對黑體部分進行強調(diào)I didn't realize she was Chinese until she spoke.It was not until she spoke that I realized she was Chinese.They will not leave there until they finish the project.

11、It is not until they finish the project that they will leave.語法點四使用強調(diào)句型的幾個注意事項1若被強調(diào)成分是主語，who/that之后的謂語動詞應(yīng)該在人稱和數(shù)上與被強調(diào)的主語保持一致。It is he who/that often helps me with my English.是他經(jīng)常幫我學英語。2若被強調(diào)成分是作主語的代詞，用主格；若是作賓語的代詞，則用賓格。It was he that helped me yesterday.昨天幫我的人是他。It was me that he helped yesterday.他昨天幫的

12、人是我。3強調(diào)句中只用兩種時態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時，用It was . that/who .，其余的時態(tài)用It is . that/who .。It is you who/that are to blame.是你該受到指責。It was chairman of the committee that we elected her.我們選她當委員會主席。4強調(diào)句型的省略形式句式特征為： 在一定的上下文中，強調(diào)句型的某個部分可以省略，解題時要特別注意將其復原并加以比較。Who is making so much noise in the gar

13、den?是誰在花園里弄這么大的噪音？It is the children (who are making so much noise in the garden)是孩子們。5強調(diào)句型和定語從句的結(jié)合句式特征為： 在強調(diào)句型的被強調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個先行詞，附上修飾該部分的定語從句，這樣整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)就變得非常復雜。應(yīng)特別注意不要混淆定語從句的關(guān)系詞和強調(diào)句型中的that/who部分。It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time which he ought to have spent doing his les

14、sons. 是玩電腦游戲花去了這個孩子大量的應(yīng)該用在功課上的時間。6易與強調(diào)句混淆的幾個句型(1)It is/was 時間when .“當?shù)臅r候；時間是”。when 引導的是時間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時間，表語由具體的時間充當。試比較：It was ten o'clock when we got home last night. 我們昨晚到家時十點了。(狀語從句)It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night. 我們昨晚是在十點到家的。此句是強調(diào)句，去掉“It was .that”后句子仍然完整合理，注意that不能改成

15、when。而上句不是強調(diào)句。(2)It was/will be . before . “過就”；It was not/will not be . before . “不久就”。主句中的 it 指時間，表語多是long, not long, three days, two weeks 等表示“一段時間”的詞或短語。試比較：It was three days before he went to Beijing. 三天后他就去了北京。It will not be long before he finishes his job. 不久他就完成了工作。It was three days ago that

16、 he went to Beijing. 他是三天前去的北京。此句是強調(diào)句，去掉“It was . that”后句子仍然完整合理。即時演練4選詞填空 (when, before, since, that)It was 20 years ago that the two friends met in Vietnam.It will be 20 years before they meet in Vietnam.It is 20 years since he came to live here.It was 20 years that he spent in writing this novel.

17、It was midnight when he came back home.It was in 1949 when our country was founded that he left his hometown.鏈接高考用強調(diào)句式完成句子1(2015·廣東高考書面表達)It is for these reasons that I firmly believe that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit. 正是由于這些原因我堅信這條規(guī)則將提高我們的學習氛圍和團隊精神。2(2

18、015·福建高考書面表達) It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. 不是故事本身，而是故事所反映出來的問題最重要。3(2015·江蘇高考書面表達)It is the people who obey the rules that matter.重要的是遵守規(guī)則的人們。4(2014·重慶高考書面表達)It is the time and energy we spend on the present that makes it valuable rather t

19、han the price we pay. 珍貴的是我們在禮物上花費的時間和精力，而非我們所花錢的多少。5(2014·重慶高考書面表達)It is the thought that counts rather than how much it costs.重要的是心意而不是花錢多少。針對演練.單句語法填空1What did he want to know, Anne?When it was that I could finish writing the report. 2When was it that he picked up French?It was in 2013when h

20、e traveled in France. 3Can you explain why it is that the sun sets in the west?4Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?5It is either he or you who are in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually.6He was so busy yesterday that it was not until

21、 late at night that he finished his work.7When did you come back last night?It was not until 11 o'clock when the party ended. 8It is five months since my son went to America.9It was five months ago that my son went to America.10It will be half a year before my son comes back from America.11It wa

22、s midnight when she was woken up by a phone call.12It was at midnight that she was woken up by a phone call.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.It was because he was ill that he didn't attend the meeting.2When did you call me yesterday?When was it that you called me yesterda

23、y?3Did the Second World War break out in 1939?Was it in 1 939 that the Second World War broke out?4I don't know why you want to change your mind.I don't know why it was that you want to change your mind.5She didn't realize it was too late to go home until the sun set.It was not until the sun set that she rea