定語(yǔ)從句做題技巧

1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流定語(yǔ)從句做題技巧.精品文檔.定語(yǔ)從句講解定語(yǔ)在句子中起修飾限定作用。定語(yǔ)的標(biāo)志是“的”。因此英語(yǔ)中多用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如果一句話作定語(yǔ)就被稱作定語(yǔ)從句。從句結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞（多為名詞或代詞）+關(guān)系詞+從句（陳述語(yǔ)序） 先行詞即定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞，多為名詞，也可以是代詞。也可以說(shuō)定語(yǔ)從句是名詞或者代詞后的從句。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 指人 who/ that (做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)) whom （賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)） whose （定語(yǔ)） 關(guān)系代詞 指物 which/that (主，賓，表)， whose（定語(yǔ)）關(guān)系詞 關(guān)系副詞 指時(shí)間 when 指地點(diǎn)

2、 where 指原因 why 作狀語(yǔ)指物時(shí)關(guān)系代詞which 和that 的區(qū)別一般情況下二者可以互換eg. I love this book which/that my brother bought for me.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞必須用that的情況： 1. 被修飾的先行詞是不定代詞all，much，something，everything，nothing，none，the one等時(shí)，（注意：表示人的不定代詞即可用that也可用who/whom）。 如：Anyone who/that doesnt like this film must tell me. Do you have somet

3、hing that is very difficult to understand? All（that）I can do is to give him some hope. 2. 被修飾的先行詞還有一些特定意義的修飾詞，如：the only，the very，the right，any，every，no，all，much，many，little，few等， 如：The only thing（that）we know is that the universe is very big. Any bus that can go there is OK. This is just the/the ve

4、ry/the right book I am looking for. There are few cars that are driving slowly. Every car that has a high price is worth what it costs. 3句子中出現(xiàn)過(guò)which或who之類的詞，為了避免重復(fù)，要用that。 如：Who is the man that is speaking? The factory which produces shoes that are very good has gone bankru.4關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用 that。如：

5、She is not the girl that she was three years ago 5先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞等修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。如： Tang Guoqiang has become one of the best actors that appear on Chinese screens6. 先行詞既有人又有物或time， 如：Can you tell me the people and events（that）you saw in Britain? The man and his dog that looked odd came to me quietly. Eac

6、h time that he came here, he would like to talk with her. 7一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如第一個(gè)從句中已用who，第二個(gè)從句中宜用that。如： The man who is at table is his brother that has been serving in the army 8當(dāng)先行詞是to be的表語(yǔ)，或關(guān)系代詞本身是從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that。如： 1）It's a song that is very popular 2）My hometown is no longer the place that

7、it used to be 9當(dāng)主句以There be開(kāi)頭時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that。如： There is a seat in the corner that is still free 10當(dāng)一個(gè)句子中含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如前一個(gè)已用關(guān)系代詞which，后一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that。如： I'll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles against the invaders 但兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)如果平行，一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中用關(guān)系代詞that，另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句也應(yīng)重復(fù)t

8、hat。如： He told me to read a book that is very short，and that is very interesting 11與the same（指同一物）連用，構(gòu)成the samethat結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。如： This is the same museum that you once visited 注意：the samethat結(jié)構(gòu)中的that不能用as代替，因?yàn)閠he sameas與the samethat的含義不同。關(guān)系代詞必須用which的情況：緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，即介詞+ whichThe building in which H

9、an Mei studied was very old.此類解題技巧是：記住與which相關(guān)的用法即可。其他的均用that。 考點(diǎn)：關(guān)系詞的選擇定語(yǔ)從句解題技巧：1. 先看從句所缺句子成分。缺主，賓，表，定語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞。不缺主，賓，表，定 （即缺狀語(yǔ)）用關(guān)系副詞。注意：缺賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞連讀，能搭配的即是缺賓語(yǔ)；反之缺狀語(yǔ)。2. 再看先行詞的指代。 缺關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，看先行詞指人還是指物。 缺關(guān)系副詞時(shí)，看先行詞指時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)還是原因。注意：why的先行詞只有the reason.如： 1. This is the village _ I was born. 2. This is t

10、he village _ I visited last year. 3. I still remember the days_ we spent together. 4. I still remember the days_ we had a good time together.A. which/that B. when C. where D. what 解析：1. 選C 先看從句句子成分：從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，即不缺主，表，用關(guān)系副詞。 先行詞the village指地點(diǎn)，用where。 2. 選A 先看從句句子成分：句子主語(yǔ)為I，visit 是及物動(dòng)詞，后必須要有賓語(yǔ)。因此，此句缺賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞。 先行詞the villag