英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞八種時(shí)態(tài)詳解

1、英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí) 時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一）定義表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力及客觀真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning . She is at home .(二)構(gòu)成 主要用動(dòng)詞原形表示，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es。(三)句型 1、肯定句：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他。 She reads English everyday . 2、否定句：主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt+謂語(yǔ)+其他。 He does

2、nt get up at 6:30 in the morning . 3、一般疑問(wèn)句：Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他？ Do you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I dont . 4、特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do/does+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他？ What time do you get up every morning ? Where does your father work ?（三）用法 1、表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)，帶與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everyday year

3、，month） , once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等連用。 I leave home for school at seven every morning . 2、表示客觀真理，科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言警句。 The sun rises in the east .日出東方。 The earth goes around the sun .地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 Ten minus two is eight.十減二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比聲音的速度快。 The U

4、nited States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美國(guó)位于太平洋西岸。 3、根據(jù)英文語(yǔ)法規(guī)定，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來(lái)時(shí)，我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。 If you come this afternoon,well have a meeting .4、僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了"描述現(xiàn)階段的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"，其重點(diǎn)&q

5、uot;不是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、或進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)"。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能說(shuō)五種外語(yǔ)。That is a beautiful city .那是座美麗的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音樂(lè)。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹

6、妹總是樂(lè)于助人。（四）動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則 1、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等。2、以s，x，ch，sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。4、動(dòng)詞have遇在主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，have改為has，如：He has an interesting book .5、動(dòng)

7、詞be遇有主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，be改為am，遇有主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)時(shí)，be改為are，遇有主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，be改為is 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題1）用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I  like _ (swim).                       2.He _(read) English  every  day.3.We _(go)to

8、school at seven in the morning.  4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My  mother_(like) _(go) shopping.       6.I can _(draw)  many  beautiful  pictures.7.She_(make) a  model  plane.     

9、60;          8.Do  you _(like)_(run)?9.Does  he_(like)_(jump) ?          10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The  teachers_(like)_(dance).     12.The te

10、acher_(like)_(dance).13.The students_(speak) English in class.     14.The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 15. Let's_and play football . ( go )          16. He_ like swimming . ( not ) 17. I'm sorry _tha

11、t . ( hear )       18. Wang Bing is_ ( write ) an E-mail to his friend .19. He has_a headache . ( get )20. _you study English at school ? Yes , I_. ( do )21. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do )22. I'm _ better . ( feel )   &

12、#160;                 23. Why_Tom absent today ? ( be )2）用所給的人稱(chēng)改寫(xiě)句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.Yo

13、u like making a model ship. (Helen)6.We clean the classroom every day. (he)7.They look after the pandas. (Mr Wang)8.I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy)9.We go to bed at eight. ( my sister)10.I read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green) 3）寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式 1. 第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)： wash_ match _guess_ study

14、_ finish_ go_ snow_ carry_ 2.寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式：stop_ see_ drive _let_ carry_ keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_ 3. 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式： stay_ begin_ forget_ forget_ lie_  die _ run_ prefer_ give_  ring_ dance_ hope_ II. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： 1I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to Lon

15、don. 2. He doean't feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning. 3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) something with great interest. 4. I _(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it. 5. While we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us. 6.

16、 Don't make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep).  7.It's seven now, Tom's family_(watch) TV. 8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash) clothes. 10. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterda

17、y? 11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football. 12. There _ (be) a football match on TV this evening. 13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday. 14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class?        15. Will you come if

18、he _ (not come)? 16. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun.  17She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain) tomorrow. 19. I don't know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some boo

19、ks to my daughter, because she _ (study) there. III單項(xiàng)選擇： 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.      A.don't rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain 2. There _ an English film next week.    A. will have B. is going

20、to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _ nice.             A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep.     A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 5. They _ the

21、office at nine yesterday morning.        A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to 6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Don't smoke until the plane _ off.  A.takes

22、B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I saw her _ the room this morning.  A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 9.the teacher asked us _ to school on time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes 10. John is always _ others.          

23、0; A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 11. He told us _ at eight.            A. working B. to work C. work D. worked 12. You'd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to d

24、o 13. He sat down _ a rest.             A. having B. have C. to have D. had 14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make 15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he w

25、as back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave二、 一般過(guò)去時(shí)（一）結(jié)構(gòu) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示。基本結(jié)構(gòu)否定句一般疑問(wèn)句Be動(dòng)詞was/ were+notwas或were提前，放于句首行為動(dòng)詞didnt+do（動(dòng)詞原形）Did+主語(yǔ)+do（動(dòng)詞原形）注：在一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可分為兩類(lèi)一類(lèi)是be動(dòng)詞，其形式為was與第一、三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)連用，were與第二人稱(chēng)和復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)的主語(yǔ)連用。凡是由be動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)的句子，變否定句時(shí)，直接在其后加not,即wasnt 或werent，變一般疑問(wèn)句將was/ were

26、放在句首，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。另一類(lèi)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由行為動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)，如stayedwentvisited等,這一類(lèi)動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，可與任何人稱(chēng)連用，句子變否定時(shí)，要在主語(yǔ)后面，動(dòng)詞的前面加didnt，動(dòng)詞用原形；一般疑問(wèn)句是把did提到句首，動(dòng)詞用原形。I was in Shanghai last year .I wasnt in Shanghai last year . Was you in Shanghai last year ? He went to the park yesterday . He didnt go to the park yesterday ? Did he go to the pa

27、rk yesterday ?（二）句式 1、肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他。 I was in Beijing yesterday . I went to the beach yesterday . 2、否定句：主語(yǔ)+wasnt 或werent+其他。 主語(yǔ)+didnt + V原+其他。 I wasnt in Beijing yesterday . I didnt go to the beach yesterday . 3、一般疑問(wèn)句：was/ were+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他？ Did +主語(yǔ)+V原+其他？ Were you in Beijing yesterday ? Did you go to

28、 the beach yesterday ? 4、特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ was/ were+主語(yǔ)+其他？特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他？ Where were you yesterday ? Where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法 1、表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，常與明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday,last week(month , year),ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of,in 1980等連用。如： At the age of ten ,she began to le

29、arn to play the piano . 2、表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street . 3、在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 He said he wouldnt go if it rained .（四）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化1) 一般情況下, 在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed ; 如look-looked2) 結(jié)尾是字母e 的動(dòng)詞加-d, 如 practice-practiced；3) 結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y” 的動(dòng)詞, 變“y”為

30、“i” 再加ed, 如study studied;4) 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾, 雙寫(xiě)動(dòng)詞尾的輔音字母，再加ed, 如stop stopped。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tensecatch caught come camedo did draw drewdrink drank drive droveeat ate fall fellam is was are werebegin begun break brokebring brought build builtbuy bought can could動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的記憶口訣動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí),

31、表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事；be用was或用were, have, has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式, 過(guò)去時(shí)間坐標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加- ed, 若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單, 主語(yǔ)之后didnt添；疑問(wèn)句也不難, did放在主語(yǔ)前；如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was, were, 否定就把not添。一般過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)題一、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1look 2. live 3. stop 4. carry 5.hope 6. trip 7. call 8. finish 9. want 10. are 11. go 12. have 13. do 14. get e 16. sayFill in

32、 the blanks. 1. _ she _(sing)a song last night?2. -Were there any people in the room? (作否定回答) -_, _ _nobody.3. -_(be) they at work this morning? -Yes. They _ (have)a meeting together.4. -_ Joe _ (do)well in the long-distance running? -Yes, he _.5. Where _ Tinas Family_(go)last Summer? -They _ (go)to

33、 New York for their vacation.二、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8.

34、 Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Children's Day. All the students _ very excited.三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last

35、 Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday&

36、#160;10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. 12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jim's mother _ (plant) trees jus

37、t now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 18 We _ (go) to school on Sunday.19. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Don't _ the house. Mu

38、m _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)25. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)26. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.27.

39、The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.28.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)（一）概念表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you tomorrow .（二）結(jié)構(gòu)1、由will +動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，其will適用于各種人稱(chēng)，與主語(yǔ)連在一起時(shí)，常常縮寫(xiě)為ll。變否定句時(shí)，只需在will后加not，可縮寫(xiě)為wont 。在疑問(wèn)句中，

40、will需提前，構(gòu)成will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。 He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵達(dá)這里。2、shall+動(dòng)詞原形（常用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天沒(méi)空。3、be going to+動(dòng)詞原形（打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事） He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在倫敦度假。（三）用法 1、表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：tomorrow, next day（week，month，year）

41、， this evening (weekend ), in the future , in a few minutes， the day after tomorrow ,by， soon 等連用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .I hope you wont be late next time . 2、當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，在以after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間或條件句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。Ill do it better if the teacher gives me another

42、 chance .一般將來(lái)時(shí)練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)選擇(   ) 1.  There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.       A. will be going to       B. will going to be   C. is going to be     D. will go to be(   ) 2.  Charlie

43、 _ here next month.      A. isn't working     B. doesn't working  C. isn't going to working     D. won't work(   ) 3.  He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.     A. will b

44、e; is            B. is; is      C. will be; will be        D. is; will be(   ) 4.  There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.   A. was   

45、;     B. is going to have    C. will have    D. is going to be(   ) 5.  -_ you _ free tomorrow? - No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will      B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to;

46、 will be   D. Are; going to be; will be(   ) 6.  Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.         A. will gives     B. will give     C. gives        

47、;      D. give(   ) 7.  - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?       -_. （不，不要。）  A. No, you won't.       B. No, you aren't.   C. No, please don't.     

48、;   D. No, please.(   ) 8.  - Where is the morning paper?       - I _ if for you at once.         A. get            B. am getting   

49、60;   C. to get        D. will get(   ) 9.  _ a concert next Saturday?    A. There will be      B. Will there be     C. There can be     D. There are( 

50、0; ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.         A. have      B. will have     C. had          D. would have(   ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthda

51、y.        A. gives   B. gave     C. will giving    D. is going to giving(   ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.        A. writes     B. has written&

52、#160;    C. will write       D. wrote(   ) 13. He _ in three days.   A. coming back      B. came back   C. will come back     D. is going to coming back(   ) 14. If it _

53、tomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.A. isn't rain      B. won't rain    C. doesn't rain       D. doesn't fine(   ) 15. - Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?   &#

54、160;    - No, _ （不去）.          A. they willn't.       B. they won't.    C. they aren't.       D. they don't.(   ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming w

55、ith tomorrow afternoon?          A. will; go        B. do; go      C. will; going          D. shall; go(   ) 17. We _ the work this way next

56、 time.          A. do       B. will do      C. going to do          D. will doing(   ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _

57、 boating in the park.A. will fly; will go    B. will fly; goes  C. is going to fly; will goes     D. flies; will go(   ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching         B. watches&

58、#160;   C. is watching        D. is going to watch(   ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.          A. shall be        B. will be   C. shall going t

59、o be          D. will going to be(   ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday.         A. are having      B. are going to have   C. will having    

60、    D. is going to have(   ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday?         A. Will; are           B. Will; be   C. Do; be          &#

61、160;  D. Are; be(   ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.          A. will           B. is     C. will be          D. be(

62、   ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library?       A. Are; going to borrow        B. Is; going to borrow          C. Will; borrows      

63、0;        D. Are; going to borrows(   ) 25. - Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?   -_ （好的）.          A. Yes, please       B. Yes, you will.   C. No, please.

64、       D. No, you won't.(   ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year.        A. is going to be    B. is going to    C. will be           D. will is(   ) 27. _ open the window?      A. Will yo