it做形式主語用法(大全)含練習(xí)答案

1、精選文檔It作形式主語常見句型動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞或主語從句作主語時(shí)，通常把它們放在謂語動(dòng)詞前，而用it作形式主語，放到句首，常見句型有：1. It + be + 形容詞+主語從句，如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名詞詞組 + 主語從句，這類名詞有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等，如：Its a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It re

2、mains a question whether he will come or not. 3. It + be + 過去分詞 + 主語從句，這類過去分詞有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. It + 不及物動(dòng)詞(seem, appear,

3、 happen等) + 主語從句, 這類不及物動(dòng)詞有：appear, happen, seem等， 如：It seemed that he didnt tell the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.5. It + be + 形容詞 + for sb.）+ 動(dòng)詞不定式這類句型常用形容詞easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表語，有時(shí)候?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：Its necessary for the young to master t

4、wo foreign language.It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.這類形容詞有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise 6. It + be + 形容詞 + of sb. + 動(dòng)詞不定式，這類形容詞常是表示心理品質(zhì),性格特征的形容詞，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Its very k

5、ind of you to help me with the work.=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. It + be +名詞詞組 + 動(dòng)詞不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be + 名詞或形容詞 + 動(dòng)名詞，這類名詞和形容詞經(jīng)常是：good, n

6、o good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等，如：Its a waste of time talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. It + take ( sb. )+ 時(shí)間（金錢）+ 動(dòng)詞不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mount

7、ain on foot.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. (NMET 1997)A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)A. this B. that C. there D. it3. is a fact that English is b

8、eing accepted as an international language. (NMET1995)A. There B. This C. That D. It 4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88) A. everyone B. this C. her D. it5. _ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd. A. It B. I C. We D. They6. It is no use his _ there, th

9、e situation is hopeless now. A. to go B. to be going C. going D. having gone7. It is never too late to learn, _? A. is it B. isnt it C. does it D. doesnt it8. _ is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched Successfully. A. As B. What C. It D. That 9. _ is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in ea

10、st China's Jiangxi Province killed 13 people A. It B. As C. That D. What10. _ certain that his invention will make peoples life convenient. A. Thats B. This is C. Its D. Whats11. _ that there is another football match on the air this evening. A. It says B. It was said C. It is said D. What was s

11、aid12. _ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad. A. Its a exciting news B. This is an exciting news C. This is exiting news D. Its exciting news參考答案：15 BDDDA 610CACAC 1112CD        it作形式主語：it作形式主語時(shí)沒有具體的意義，而只是掛念把真正的主語移到句子后部去，使句子顯得平穩(wěn)一些。it作形式主語時(shí)，可以代替三種

12、形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和主語從句。 it代替不定式短語常用于下列句型中：It + be +形容詞 + (for/of sb.) to do sth.It + be + 名詞 + to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干花了某人時(shí)間Its up to sb. to do sth. 干是某人的職責(zé)或義務(wù)It is everyones duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每個(gè)人的義務(wù)。（ it作形式主語, 代替不定式短語to obey the law）It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Ch

13、inese.對(duì)于一個(gè)外國人來說，學(xué)習(xí)漢語是困難的。（ it作形式主語, 代替不定式短語to learn Chinese）It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps.把這些地方用來倒垃圾是不對(duì)的。（it作形式主語, 代替不定式短語to use these places as rubbish dumps）It took them a year to build the bridge.建這座橋花了他們一年的時(shí)間。（ it作形式主語, 代替不定式短語to build the bridge） It be + 形容詞+ for sb. to d

14、o sth.與It be + 形容詞+of sb. to do sth.：假如句型中的形容詞描述的是sb.的品質(zhì)、品德，在規(guī)律上可以作sb.的表語，則sb.前應(yīng)用介詞of，否則就用for。Its necessary for us to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.我們用一臺(tái)短波收音機(jī)收聽這些節(jié)目是必要的。Its kind of you to help me.感謝你對(duì)我的掛念。（= You are kind to help me. ）It was foolish of him to give up the job.他放棄那工作

15、是愚蠢的。（= He was foolish to give up the job it代替動(dòng)名詞短語：動(dòng)名詞作主語用后置形式的狀況遠(yuǎn)不及不定式那么普遍，常限于no good, no use, useless, waste等詞的后面。 It is no good/ use having a car if you cant drive.假如你不會(huì)開車，有車也沒用。( it作形式主語,代替動(dòng)名詞短語having a car)It is a waste of time watching TV.看電視是鋪張時(shí)間。（ it作形式主語,代替動(dòng)名詞短語watching TV）It is no use ask

16、ing him.問他沒有用。（ it作形式主語,代替動(dòng)名詞短語asking him） it代替主語從句：這個(gè)主語從句可以用連詞that引導(dǎo)，也可以用連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)。It was clear that they had no desire for peace.很清楚他們沒有和平的誠意。（ it作形式主語,代替主語從句that they had no desire for peace）It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她能否來還很難說。（ it作形式主語,代替主語從句whether she will be able to com

17、e）It was clear enough what she meant.她的意思是夠清楚的。（ it作形式主語,代替主語從句what she meant）用it作形式主語，把真正的主語從句移至后面的常見句型有： It is a pity/ a shame/ a fact/ an honour/ good news/ no wonder/ a wonder thatIt was a pity that the engineer couldnt come.惋惜工程師沒能夠來。It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always los

18、es!令人驚異的是他始終輸還始終賭。 It is + 形容詞（如： strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/ funny/ possible/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important）that It is certain that he will win.  他肯定會(huì)取勝。 It seems/ happened/ turned out/ suddenly struck me/ occurred to me

19、that It happened that I wasnt there that day. 恰好那天我不在那里。 It + be + 過去分詞（如：said/ reported/ announced/ decided/ expected/ hoped/ known/ believed）thatIt is said that nothing has been done about it.據(jù)說至今對(duì)此沒實(shí)行任何措施。It is reported that more than twenty people were killed in that bus accident.據(jù)報(bào)道在那次的公共汽車事故中有

20、二十多人喪生。* 留意要在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposedthat的主語從句中用虛擬語氣：    (should) + 動(dòng)詞原形It is requested that he give a performance at the party.有人懇求他在聚會(huì)上表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。It is suggested that we should get everything ready by tonight.建議一切在今晚預(yù)備好。 It doesnt matter +連接代詞或副詞It doesnt make t

21、oo much difference +連接代詞或副詞It doesnt matter whether he comes or not.他來還是不來都沒關(guān)系。It wont make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今日去也好，明天去也好，關(guān)系不大。 it作形式賓語：it作形式賓語時(shí)，可以代替三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和賓語從句。it作形式賓語時(shí)，需具備兩個(gè)條件： 真正的賓語是不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句 有賓語補(bǔ)足語 具備了這兩個(gè)條件，形式賓語it肯定要用。 it代替不定式短語think/ find/ feel/ consider/

22、make/ regard+ it +形容詞/名詞 + 不定式短語I find it pleasant to work with him.(it 作形式賓語，代替不定式短語to work with him)我覺得和他一起工作很開心。They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.（ it 作形式賓語，代替不定式短語to finish the work in such a short time）他們認(rèn)為在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作是困難的。All these noises made it impossible for m

23、e to go on with the work.（ it 作形式賓語，代替不定式短語to go on with the work）這些噪音使我無法連續(xù)工作。 it代替動(dòng)名詞短語( 這只限于少數(shù)句型，在多數(shù)狀況下用不定式時(shí)更多一些)The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.這位教授認(rèn)為閱讀而不理解沒有好處。He found it useless( no use) arguing with him.他發(fā)覺和他辯論沒有用。He thought it absolutely senseless attempting

24、 the impossible.想做不行能的事情，他認(rèn)為是完全沒道理的。 it代替賓語從句：We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.會(huì)議取消了我們都感到很圓滿。I took it for granted that they were not coming.我想他們準(zhǔn)是不會(huì)來的了。Ill see to it that everything is ready in time.我負(fù)責(zé)使一切都按時(shí)預(yù)備好。 含it 的常用句型英語中有一些固定句型中含有it,應(yīng)留意這些句型的使用。 It be + 被強(qiáng)

25、調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分I met Peter in Japan last year. It was I who/that met Peter in Japan last year. It was Peter whom/that I met in Japan last year. It was in Japan that I met Peter last year. It was last year that I met Peter in Japan.* not until 也可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型例Mr Brown didnt come back until eleven ocl

26、ock.可變?yōu)椋篒t was not until eleven oclock thatMr Brown came back.* 強(qiáng)調(diào)句也可變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧淅齀t was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.可變?yōu)椋篧hen was it that the PRC was founded? Its + 地點(diǎn)狀語+ that（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）  Its +地點(diǎn)名詞+ where (定語從句)It is the town where I was born.(the town 為地點(diǎn)名詞，定語從句)這是我誕生的鎮(zhèn)子。It was in the town that I wa

27、s born.(in the town為地點(diǎn)狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)我誕生在這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子。 Its + 時(shí)間名詞+ when(時(shí)間狀語從句)         Its + 時(shí)間狀語 +that(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)It was at 8 oclock that he returned.(at 8 oclock是時(shí)間狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)句)他是在八點(diǎn)鐘回來的。It was 8 oclock when he returned.(8 oclock 是時(shí)間名詞，時(shí)間狀語從句)他回來的時(shí)候是八點(diǎn)鐘。 if it is convenient to you 假如你

28、便利的話If it is convenient to you, you can start tomorrow.假如便利的話，你明天可以動(dòng)身。 believe it or not 信不信由你Believe it or not, Ill go abroad next month.不管你信還是不信，我下個(gè)月要出國。 Its time thatdid / should do (定語從句)It is time that I went and picked up my daughter from school.我該去學(xué)校接我女兒放學(xué)了。Its high time that we stopped/shoul

29、d stop this practice.我們的確該停止這種做法了。 It is /has beensincedid(時(shí)間狀語從句)It is just a week since we arrived here.我們來這里已一星期了。It wont be before用不了（多長時(shí)間）就會(huì)It wasnt before沒過（多長時(shí)間）就It will be a long time before we finish the task.我們還需要很長時(shí)間才能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。It wasnt long before he learned to use the computer.不久他就學(xué)會(huì)使用計(jì)算機(jī)了

30、。 易混用其他句型英語中有一些句型不含it, 但卻易被誤用了it，常見的有以下句型： There is something/nothing wrong/ the matter with sb./ sth.There is nothing wrong /the matter with him. Hes just pretending.他沒什么事，他只是在裝呢。 There is no doubt about對(duì)毫不懷疑  There is no doubt that對(duì)毫不懷疑There is no doubt about his suitability for the job毫無疑問，他

31、適合這個(gè)工作。There is no doubt that he is hard to deal with.毫無置疑他很難應(yīng)付。 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 沒必要There was no need for him to remain in Paris.他沒有必要連續(xù)留在巴黎。 There is no/a possibility that 沒可能/有可能There is a possibility that the train may be late.可能火車要晚點(diǎn)。There is no possibility that well see hi

32、m this weekend.我們本周末不行能見到他。 There is a chance that 可能There is a chance that the sick child will get well.這個(gè)生病的孩子可能會(huì)好起來的。 There be no/ some differences betweenand和之間沒/有區(qū)分There are some differences between the two languages.這兩種語言之間有些區(qū)分。 After what seemed + 時(shí)間After what seemed a very long time, the wou

33、nded soldier came back to life.在經(jīng)過好像很長的一段時(shí)間之后，那個(gè)受傷的士兵糊涂了過來。 There be difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth. 干有困難There was no difficulty in finding him.找到他沒費(fèi)什么事。三. 形式主語、形式賓語專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. It's easier _ than _.    A. say, do   B. to say, to do  C. says, does  D. saying

34、, doing2. It takes me 30 minutes _ to school by bike every day.    A. going    B. to go     C. goes      D. go3. Its not easy _ us _ a foreign language.    A. for; learning    B. of; learning

35、0;   C. of; to learn   D. for; to learn4. Children find_ interesting to play computer games.    A. that     B. which       C. it      D. its5. Do you think it important _ computer well? 

36、;   A. play    B. plays       C. to play    D. playing6. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day?     A. this B. that C. it D. he7. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much

37、 memory work.     A. this   B. that  C. its   D. it8. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?    A. this B. that C. he D. it9. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help.    A. he B. which C

38、. she D. it 10. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.     A. There     B. This    C. That     D. It11. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.    A. it B. that C. these D

39、. them12. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.    A. this B. that C. it D. one       13. _ happened _ he is unfit for the office.    A. This; that    B. That; that   C. It; that  &#

40、160;   D. He; that14. We took _ for granted that they would accept our advice.    A. that B. this C. it D. them15. _ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?    A. Is true B. Is it true C. Its true D. Its truly16. _ doesnt matter much _ dress you are

41、 going to wear.    A. This; that     B. That; who    C. It; which     D. It; who17. _ is going to America for further study.    A. He is said that  B. People said that he  C. It was said he  D. It is

42、said that he 18. They are good friends. _ is no wonder that they know each other so well.    A. This B. That C. There D. It19. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?    A. this B. there C. that D. it20. She liked _ when he kissed her.    A. him

43、B. that C. one D. it21. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.    A. It  B. There  C. Those  D. One22. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government.    A. that  B. this  C. its  D. it     23. Id appr

44、eciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.              A. that         B. it      C. this          D. you24

45、. -What do you think made Mary so upset?       -_ her new bicycle.A. As she lostB. Lost    C. Losing D. Because of losing25. Our monitor suggested 25_a discussion of this subject.     A. to have      B. should have&

46、#160;    C. have D. having 26. Its very kind _ you _ me.    A. for, helping     B. of ,help      C. for, to help   D. of, to help 27  What do you think of the book？       -Oh, excellent

47、It's worth _a second time.    A. to readB. to be read   C. reading   D. being read28. Its no use forward to from her soon.     A. to look; to hearB. looking; hearingC. looking; hear   D. look; hear29. It took the workmen only

48、two hours to finish _ my car.     A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired30. _ clean is a safeguard against disease.    A. To be keeping B. Kept   C. Keep    D. Keeping參考答案15  BBDCC     610  CDDDD  

49、;  1115  ACCCB1620 CDDDD    2125  ADBCD    2630 DCBADIt”作形式主語和賓語  It作形式主語和形式賓語用法，是中學(xué)階段英語學(xué)習(xí)的主要語法項(xiàng)目之一?？v觀歷屆高考題，無論是單項(xiàng)選擇，還是完行填空，it用法始終是反復(fù)考查的重、熱點(diǎn)之一?，F(xiàn)將it在特殊句型中作形式主語和形式賓語用法，進(jìn)行如下歸納分析，以供學(xué)習(xí)參考。 一、 It 用作形式主語 當(dāng)不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句在某個(gè)句子中作主語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后平

50、衡，避開頭重腳輕，因此常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將真正的主語放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。 e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.  (說謊是錯(cuò)誤的。) It為to tell a lie的形式主語 It is no use arguing about it.  (爭(zhēng)吵是沒用的。) It為arguing about it的形式主語 It is uncertain who will come.  (誰要來還不確定。) It為who will come的形式主語 It 作形式主語的常見

51、句型：  It + be + 形容詞 + to do sth. / doing / that . e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.  (學(xué)一門外語格外重要。) It is useless crying over the spilt milk.  (覆水難收。) It was really surprising that she married a man like that. (她嫁給那樣的男士真讓人驚異。)  It + be +名詞詞組

52、+ doing / that . e.g. It is no good telling lies.  (撒謊沒好處。) It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday.  (你昨天沒看成那部電影真圓滿。) It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party. (沒有共產(chǎn)黨就沒有新中國，這是毋庸質(zhì)疑的。)  It + be + 過去分詞 + that . 

53、該句型常見動(dòng)詞有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc. e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.  (據(jù)說他們創(chuàng)造了一種新型電腦。) It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world. (大家都信任中國將會(huì)步入世界強(qiáng)國之列。) It was re

54、ported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. (據(jù)報(bào)道，至少有十七萬人在2004年那場(chǎng)海嘯中喪生。)  It + seems / appears / happens等不及物動(dòng)詞 + that . e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. (好像他格外寵愛流行歌曲。) It appears that Tom might change his mind.  (看來湯姆可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變辦法。)

55、0; 若句子是疑問形式，就只能用it作形式主語。 e.g. Does it matter much that they wont come tomorrow?  (他們明天不來很重要嗎？) Is it true that he will go abroad next week?  (他下周出國是真的嗎？)  It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth. 這是一個(gè)表示“（某人）花多少時(shí)間干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主語，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。

56、60;e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials. (我花了一些時(shí)間才讀完那段閱讀材料。) It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane. (從上海乘飛機(jī)去新西蘭花了他14小時(shí)。) How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?  (從青島坐火車到北京一般要花多久時(shí)間？) I am not

57、sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there. (我不能確定，但估量至少要九個(gè)鐘頭才能到那兒。) 二、It 用作形式賓語 當(dāng)不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句在某個(gè)句子中作賓語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避開句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時(shí)it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。 下列四種狀況須用it 作形式賓語：  當(dāng)不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句在復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)（如think, make, find, consider

58、, feel, suppose等）； e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. （他們發(fā)覺與我們中國人一起工作很開心。） I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English.  （我覺得理解英語特殊節(jié)目并不難。） He makes it a rule never to borrow money.  （他立志決不向別人借錢。） I think it no need talking

59、about it with them.  （我認(rèn)為沒必要跟他們談。）  某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動(dòng)詞，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接賓語從句； e.g. I dont like it that hes so lazy.  （我不寵愛他那么懶散。） I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.  （我厭煩母親要我吃雞蛋。）  that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句不能直接作介詞的賓語； e.g. You may depend on it that

60、we shall always help you. （盡管放心，我們會(huì)隨時(shí)幫你的。） Would you see to it that she gets home early?  （你負(fù)責(zé)保證她早到家，好嗎？） He insisted on it that he was innocent.  （他堅(jiān)持說自己是無辜的。）  由及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中，賓語從句若作該動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，須借用it。 e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it. （我讓你自己推斷這事是否該做。） We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident. （多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴(yán)峻事故。）