肝病常用英文

1、【原創(chuàng)】一起學(xué)習(xí)肝病專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯肝硬化 并發(fā)癥 ：The complications of liver cirrhosis核苷類(lèi)似物 ：Nucleoside analoguesNucleoside analogs乙肝肝硬化：Hepatitis B cirrhosis腎功能：renal function腎小球?yàn)V過(guò)率(GFR，glomerular filtration rate)指南 ：guide 亞肝會(huì)指南 APASL guide慢加急性肝衰竭 ：Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure長(zhǎng)期：over a long period of time;long-termH

2、emochromatosis：血色沉著病Phlebotomy：放血, 靜脈切開(kāi)放血術(shù)Copper Chelator：銅螯合劑Penicillamine：青霉胺Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency alpha-1：抗胰蛋白酶缺陷癥Ribavirin：三(氮)唑核苷,病毒唑(抗病毒藥)Deferoxamine：去鐵胺Pruritus：搔癢癥Osteoprosis：骨質(zhì)疏松癥Scleroderma：硬皮病 gallbladder distention 膽脹hypochondriac paindisease 脅痛病hepatic insufficiency肝衰竭 hepatic

3、 lobule肝小葉hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepaptosis 肝下垂heparinization 肝素化heparinocyte 肝素細(xì)胞hepatalgia 肝痛hepatargia 肝衰竭h(yuǎn)epatatrophia 肝萎縮hepatectomy 肝切除術(shù)hepatic amebiasis 肝阿米巴病hepatic bile 肝膽汁h(huán)epatic cell 肝細(xì)胞hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬變hepatic coma 肝性昏迷hepatic cords 肝細(xì)胞索hepatic echography 肝回波描記術(shù)hepatic failure 肝衰竭h(yuǎn)epatic fe

4、tor 肝病性口臭hepatic insufficiency 肝衰竭h(yuǎn)epatic lobule 肝小葉hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepatico duodenostomy 肝十二指腸吻合術(shù)hepatico enterostomy 肝小腸吻合術(shù)hepatico gastrostomy 肝管胃吻合術(shù)hepatico jejunostomy 肝管空腸吻合術(shù)hepaticotomy 肝管切開(kāi)術(shù)hepatitis virus 肝炎病毒hepatization 肝樣變hepatoblastoma 肝胚細(xì)胞瘤hepatocarcinoma 肝癌hepatocele 肝突出hepatocellular

5、 carcinoma 肝細(xì)胞癌hepatocellular jaundice 肝細(xì)胞性黃疸hepatocerebral syndrome 肝腦綜合征hepatocholangioduodenostomy 肝管十二指腸吻合術(shù)hepatocholangioenterostomy 肝管腸吻合術(shù)hepatocholangiogastrostomy 肝管胃吻合術(shù)hepatocholangiostomy 膽管造口術(shù)hepatocirrhosis 肝硬變hepatocyte 肝細(xì)胞hepatodynia 肝痛hepatogenous diabetes 肝原性糖尿病hepatogram 肝搏動(dòng)圖hepatog

6、raphy 肝 x 線照相術(shù)hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆?fàn)詈俗冃詇epatolith 肝石hepatolithectomy 肝石切除術(shù)hepatolithiasis 肝石病hepatology 肝臟病學(xué)hepatoma 肝細(xì)胞瘤hepatomegalia 肝大hepatomegaly 肝大hepatomelanosis 肝黑變病hepatomphalocele 臍部肝突出hepatomphalos 臍部肝突出hepatonephritis 肝腎炎hepatopexy 肝固定術(shù)hepatorenal syndrome 肝腎綜合征hepatorrhagia 肝出

7、血hepatorrhaphy 肝縫術(shù)hepatorrhea 肝液溢hepatorrhexis 肝裂開(kāi)hepatoscintigram 肝閃爍圖hepatoscopy 肝檢查hepatosis 肝機(jī)能障礙hepatosplenography 肝脾 x 線照相術(shù)hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾大hepatotherapy 肝劑療法hepatotomy 肝切開(kāi)術(shù)hepatotoxemia 肝性毒血病hepatotoxicity 肝毒性 BILIRUBIN - Chemical breakdown product of hemoglobin. Measured in blood specim

8、en by laboratory to assess function of liver. 膽紅素血色素化學(xué)損壞的產(chǎn)物。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室由血液檢測(cè)中評(píng)估肝功能。CERULOPLASMIN - Serum protein measured by laboratory to help in the diagnosis of Wilson's Disease. .血漿銅藍(lán)蛋白血清蛋白， 在實(shí)驗(yàn)室由血液檢測(cè)幫助診斷Wilson's病注：威爾遜氏病一種很少見(jiàn)的遺傳性疾病，是由體內(nèi)缺乏對(duì)銅的新陳代謝能力，導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)器官（如腦，肝和腎）銅積存過(guò)多而引起的。CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA - Ma

9、lignant tumor that arises from bile ducts or ductules. 膽管癌發(fā)生于膽管或微膽管的惡性腫瘤。CHRONIC HEPATITIS - Prolonged inflammation and death of liver cells persisting for six months or more caused by hepatitis viruses, autoimmune factors, and on occasion, unknown conditions. 慢性肝炎長(zhǎng)期發(fā)炎和肝細(xì)胞壞死，持續(xù)6個(gè)月以上，由肝炎病毒引起，或由自體免疫引起

10、，有時(shí)緣由不明。CIRRHOSIS - Used as a pathologic term to denote extensive scarring in the liver along with irregular nodules of regenerating liver tissue. Used as a clinical liver term to refer to the condition of individuals with liver disease accompanied by ascites, esophageal variceal bleeding, or hepati

11、c encephalopathy. 硬化用來(lái)描述一種病理時(shí)期，指出肝臟廣泛發(fā)生疤痕，伴有肝組織發(fā)生不規(guī)章新生結(jié)節(jié)。在臨床上作為一種肝病時(shí)期，指肝病個(gè)體的狀態(tài)，伴有腹水，食道血管曲張，或肝昏迷。COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN - A specialized x-ray procedure utilizing multiple radiographic films of the liver to construct with computer technology, a 2-dimensional picture of the liver. 計(jì)算機(jī)X線斷層掃描一

12、種專(zhuān)門(mén)的X線手段，應(yīng)用肝臟多重射線造影術(shù)，由計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)構(gòu)造，一種肝臟2維圖象。CYCLOSPORINE A - Drug marketed with trade names Sandimmune and Neoral. Given to organ transplant recipients to prevent the body from rejecting the graft. Inhibits immune system from rejecting foreign tissue. 環(huán)孢霉素A一種商品名為Sandimmune and Neoral的藥物。給接受器官移植者，用來(lái)防止機(jī)體的排

13、斥。抑制免疫系統(tǒng)排斥外來(lái)組織。DRUG HEPATITIS - Hepatitis caused by a drug. Causative drugs include isoniazid (INH), Alpha Methyldopa, and Dilatin. 藥物肝炎由藥物引起的肝炎。有可能引起的藥物包括isoniazid (INH)（雷米封，一種抗結(jié)核藥），Alpha Methyldopa，（-甲基多巴，C10H13NO4，用于治療高血壓）。ENDOSCOPE - A flexible instrument containing fiberoptic bundles and a ligh

14、t source used by physicians to examine the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. 內(nèi)窺鏡一種柔軟的器具，包括光導(dǎo)纖維束和光源，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師用來(lái)檢查食道，胃，和十二指腸。ESOPHAGEAL VARICES - Dilated vessels in the lower end of the esophagus that result from portal hypertension. Often results in gastrointestinal bleeding, a life threatening complicati

15、on of cirrhosis. 食道血管曲張食道底端血管擴(kuò)張，是門(mén)脈高壓的結(jié)果。常常導(dǎo)致胃腸道出血，是肝硬化的一種危及生命的并發(fā)癥。FERRITIN - Iron-containing serum protein measured by laboratory to help establish a diagnosis of hemochromatosis. 鐵蛋白含鐵的血清蛋白，由實(shí)驗(yàn)室血液檢測(cè)幫助診斷血色沉著病GALLBLADDER - Specialized organ that joins the bile duct and is located just under the live

16、r. Stores bile secreted by the liver between meals and empties this fluid into the intestine to help with digestion at the time of food intake. 膽囊聯(lián)結(jié)膽管的專(zhuān)門(mén)器官，位置在肝臟下。在進(jìn)食間隙貯存由肝臟分泌的膽汁，并在進(jìn)食時(shí)倒空到腸以幫助消化。GGTP (Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase) - Enzyme or protein synthesized by the liver in large amounts when th

17、ere is obstruction of the bile ducts to the normal flow of bile. Measured in blood by laboratory to assess function of liver. 谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)肽酶當(dāng)膽汁在膽管中正常流淌受到阻礙時(shí)，肝臟大量合成的酶或蛋白。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室由血液檢測(cè)中評(píng)估肝功能。HEMANGIOSARCOMA - Malignant tumor that arises from the blood vessels of the liver. 血管肉瘤發(fā)生于肝臟血管的惡性腫瘤。HEMOCHROMATOSIS - A gen

18、etic disorder involving increased absorption of iron by the gastrointestinal tract and deposition in the liver resulting ultimately in cirrhosis and liver failure. 血色沉著病一種遺傳性病癥引起胃腸道吸取鐵增多，沉積在肝臟，導(dǎo)致最終肝硬化或肝衰竭。HEPATIC ARTERY - Main artery that supplies fully oxygenated blood to the liver. Comes from aort

19、a to underside of the liver. 肝動(dòng)脈主要的動(dòng)脈，輸送充足氧氣的血液到肝臟。從大動(dòng)脈到肝臟的下方。HEPATIC VEIN - Main outflow vein of liver connecting liver to vena cava and then to heart. Located on topside of liver. 肝靜脈肝臟主要的流出靜脈，連接肝臟和腔靜脈，然后到心臟。位置在肝臟上方。HEPATITIS A ANTIBODY (Anti HA) - Main laboratory test used to detect hepatitis A.

20、Detects antibody produced by patient's immune system in response to hepatitis A virus. 甲型肝炎抗體(Anti HA)實(shí)驗(yàn)室主要的測(cè)試以偵測(cè)甲型肝炎。偵測(cè)到患者免疫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的抗體反應(yīng)有甲肝病毒。 1)“virologic breakthrough”和“virologic rebound”“virologic breakthrough”比較統(tǒng)一，譯為“病毒學(xué)反彈”，而對(duì)“virologic rebound”存在很大爭(zhēng)議，有學(xué)者譯為“病毒學(xué)突破”，也有不少學(xué)者譯為“病毒學(xué)反彈”（見(jiàn)2005年慢性乙型肝炎防

21、治指南）2）“flare”和“acute exacerbation”“flare”常描述肝炎的“突然發(fā)作”，系平時(shí)病情相對(duì)穩(wěn)定者的突然發(fā)作；“acute exacerbation”則表示肝炎的“急性加重”，即原有炎癥的急性加重。3）“elimination”和“eradication”“elimination”譯為“清除”，“eradication”譯為“根除”，較前者來(lái)得更徹底，意為“連根拔除”。4）“conversion”和“reversion”“conversion”譯為“轉(zhuǎn)換”，指從陽(yáng)性轉(zhuǎn)為陰性，如常見(jiàn)的血清學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換（seroconversion）；“reversion”譯為“回復(fù)”，“復(fù)陽(yáng)”，比如“HBeAg reversion”形容HBeAg消失后又轉(zhuǎn)為陽(yáng)性。5）“early virologic response（EVR）”和“initial virologic response（IVR）”“early virologic response（EVR）”指“早期病毒學(xué)應(yīng)答”，“