小學(xué)英語：語法復(fù)習(xí)要點

1、.小學(xué)英語語法復(fù)習(xí)要點一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)那么1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)那么名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-polic

2、emen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ j

3、uice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般如今時一般如今時根本用法介紹【No. 1】一般如今時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般如今時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞：主語+beam,is,are+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞+其它。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。

4、當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)he, she,it時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般如今時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否認句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變化。否認句：主語+ dont doesnt +動詞原形+其它。如：I dont like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用

5、doesnt構(gòu)成否認句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do Does +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)那么1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, mil

6、k-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般如今時用法專練:一、 寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often _have dinner at home.2

7、. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One.3. We _not watch TV on Monday.4. Nick _not go to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _like the World Cup?6. What _they often _do on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _read newspapers every day?8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays.9. She and I _take a walk together every eve

8、ning.10. There _be some water in the bottle.11. Mike _like cooking.12. They _have the same hobby.13. My aunt _look after her baby carefully.14. You always _do your homework well.15. I _be ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _do not like PE.18. The child oft

9、en _watch TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this term.20. What day _be it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改為否認句_2. I do my homework every day.改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù)_3. She likes milk.改為一般疑問句，作肯定答復(fù)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù)_5.

10、 We go to school every morning.改為否認句_6. He speaks English very well.改為否認句_7. I like taking photos in the park.對劃線部分提問_8. John comes from Canada.對劃線部分提問_9. She is always a good student.改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改為否認句_五、改錯劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上1. Is your brother speak English? _

11、2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、如今進展時1如今進展時表示如今正在進展或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進展的動作。2如今進展時的肯定句根本構(gòu)造為be+動詞ing.3如今進展時的否認句在be后加not。4如今進展時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5如今進展時的特殊疑問的根本構(gòu)造為：疑問詞不達意 + be + 主語 + 動詞i

12、ng? 但疑問詞當主語時其構(gòu)造為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)那么1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping如今進展時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動詞的如今分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love

13、_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ drawa picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ singin the classroom .3. My mother _ cook some nice food now.4. What _ you _ do now?5. Look . They _ have an English lesson .6.They _not ,water the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _dan

14、ce in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _listen to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _havesupper now10._Helen_wash clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .分別改成一般疑問句和否認句_2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否認答復(fù)_3Im playing the football in the playg

15、round .對劃線部分進展提問_4Tom is reading books in his study . 對劃線部分進展提問_四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year,soon, the day after tomorrow后天等。二、根本構(gòu)造：be going to + do；will+ do.三、否認句：在be動詞am, is, arel后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic thi

16、s afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1. 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon

17、.2. 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 問什么時候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow明天. = I will go swimming tomorro

18、w.填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy

19、 some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.改否認Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.改否認I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.改一般疑問句_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.改一般疑問句_ _ meet at

20、 the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.對劃線部分提問_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.同上_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ have a picnic this afternoon.12

21、. My brother _ go to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _go to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ go to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ watch TV and _catch insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ do this weekend? She _ watch TV and _ catch insects.16. What _ d

22、0 you do last Sunday? I _ pick apples on a farm. What _ do next Sunday? I _ milk cows.17. Mary _ visit her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ fly kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ give a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ plan for my study now.五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用

23、。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。was not=wasntare在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。were not=werent帶有was或were的句子，其否認、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否認句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否認句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterda

24、y? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)那么：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied過去時練習(xí)寫出以下動詞的過去式isam_ fly_ plant

25、_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)1一、 用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There

26、_ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_2. All the students were very excited. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_3. They were in his pocket. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)2一、用be

27、動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yeste

28、rday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_三、 中譯英1我的故事書剛剛還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。_3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。_行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)1一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1. He _ live in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ eat a bir

29、d last night.3. We _ have a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ pick up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ make a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They _ play chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ cook a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ sing and _ dance at the party.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

30、1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_2. Nancy went to school early. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_3. We sang some English songs. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)2Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ watch a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ read a newspaper last night.3. We _ t

31、o zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. go4. _ you _ visit your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ fly a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ pull up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ sweep the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ find in the garden last morning? She _ find a

32、beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground. 否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認答復(fù)：_三、中譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國。2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。3. 他剛剛在找他的手機。_過去時綜合練習(xí)1一、 用動詞的適當形式填空1. It _ be Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ have a good time last night.3. He _ jump high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ milk a cow on Frida

33、y.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. read6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. play7. Jims mother _ plant trees just now.8. _ they _ sweep the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ watch a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ go to school on Sunday.二、 中譯英1. 我們上周五看了一部電影。 _2. 他上

34、個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。 _3. 你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園。 _4. 你上周在哪兒?在野營基地。 _過去時綜合練習(xí)2Name _ No. _ Date _一、 用動詞的適當形式填空1. It _ be the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White _ go to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ put the book on his head a moment ago.3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. clean4. What _ you _ just now?

35、I _ some housework. do5. They _ make a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. pick7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. water8. She _ be a pretty girl. Look, she _ do Chinese dances.9. The students often _ draw some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mik

36、e do on the farm? He _ cows. milk二、中譯英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。 _3. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒有。 _一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格口語中可用賓格。2形容詞加er的規(guī)那么：一般在詞尾加er ；以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ；以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 。3不規(guī)

37、那么形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副詞的比較級1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 有be用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2副詞比較級的變化規(guī)那么根本與形容詞比較級一樣 不規(guī)那么變化：well-better, far-farther三、練習(xí)一、寫出以下形容詞或副詞的比較級old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_ big_ small_fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_nice_ good_ beautiful_lo

38、w_ high_ slow_ fast_late_ early_ far_ well_二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years _oldthan me.2. Tom is as _fat as Jim.3. Is your sister _young than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _thin,you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _big,yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _long as Lucys.7.Ben _ jump _ high than some of the boys in his class.8._ Nancy sing _ well than Helen? Yes, she _.9.Fangfang is not as _ tall as the other girls.10.My eyes are _big than _ she.11.Which is _heavy,the elephan