外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納

1、外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納一、時態(tài)（1） 一般現(xiàn)在時（1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或事情，通常用“usually通常，often 常常，every每,sometimes 有時， always 總是 , ”等詞。（2） 基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語 I / You / We / They /He / She / It肯定句：主語+ 動詞原形或動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句：主語+ don t + 動詞原形或者 doesn t + 動原一般疑問句（Yes/No） Do ？ Yes, I do. No,I don ' t.Does（動詞原形）？ Yes,he/she does. No,he/ she doe

2、sn ' t.特殊疑問句 What do？ How does she（動詞原形）？（3） 動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（ 同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同）1. 一般情況+s 如 :walk-walks2. 輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾 去 y +ies fly-flies3. 結(jié)尾是s, x ， sh, ch +es watch-watches4. 結(jié)尾是0 +es do-does, go-goes5. 特殊 have-has2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動作，通常用“ now現(xiàn)在，look看，linsen聽”.(2) 基本形式: be + 動詞 -ingeg: I am(not) doing my ho

3、mework.You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating.What are you doing?Is he reading?(3) 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式( 動詞 +ing)一般情況+ing walk walking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的e -e + ing come coming 重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后一個字母+ingswim-swimming run-running3. 一般過去時(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，通常用 “l(fā)ast上一個，just now剛才，manyyears ago 許多年前，yesterday 昨天”等詞。(2) be

4、動詞的過去式: am/is was are were(3) 過去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+ 動詞過去式I went shopping last night.否定句：主語+ d idn t + 動詞原形I didn t go shopping last night.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did+動詞原形?Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑問句(wh-) What did +動詞原形？What did you do last night?(4) 動詞過去式的變化:規(guī)則動詞的變化:(5) 一般動詞+edplanted,watered,climbed(6) 以不發(fā)音

5、的e 結(jié)尾 +d liked tied(7) 輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾 -y+ ied study studied, cry- cried(8) 重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字雙寫最后一個字母+edplan - planned stop - stoppedlet letring rangwrite wrote不規(guī)則動詞的變化:原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式am /is wasare werego wentdo didfind foundbuy boughteat atefeel feltdrink drankteach taughttake tookread readgive gavehave

6、hadput putsing sangdrive drovemeet metcut cutbegin beganmake madesee sawrun ranride rodecome camedraw drew sit sattell toldlearn learnt get gotcarry carried study studied4. 一般將來時一般將來時表示將來打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與 tomorrow, next Sunday 等時間狀語連用。結(jié)構(gòu):be going to + 動詞原形或will + 動詞原形例如:I m going to visit my grandpa

7、 next week.二、人稱代詞主格 I we you he she it they賓格 me us you him her it them形容詞性物主代詞my our your his her its their名詞性物主代詞mine ours yours his hers its theris（注 : 介詞，動詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時用名詞性物主代詞。）三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1. 一般名詞：+ s book - books2. 輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾 : - y+ ies story stories3. 以 s, x ， sh, ch ，結(jié)尾 : + es glass glasses;

8、a watch-watches以 o 結(jié)尾 :1) 有生命的+es potato-potatoes2) 無生命的+s photo-photoes4. 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾：-f 或 fe 變?yōu)?ves knife knives; shelf-shelves5. 特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不

9、可數(shù)名詞( 沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式)bread, rice, water, juice ， milk ， tea ， coffee五、縮略形式he s = he is hasn tI m = I am you re = you are she s = she is= he has(got)it s = it iswho s =who iscan t =can notisn t=is notdidn t=did notweren t=were notwasn t=was not let s=let usI ll=I will六、 a. an .the 的用法1 . 單詞的第一讀音是輔音讀音:a book,

10、 a peach ， a “ U”單詞的第一個讀音是元音讀音:an egg ， an hour ， an “ F”2 .the 要注意的: 球類前面不加the ， play football樂器前面要加the ， play the piano序數(shù)詞前面要加the, the second七、介詞1. 表示方位:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.，under2. 表示時間 :(1)at :幾點前面用at如:at six o' clock, 沒有day的節(jié)日前用at如：at Christmas, 固

11、定詞組at the weekends ， at night(2)on: 用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具體的某一天時)on Sunday在星期天on Sunday morning在星期天的上午 on March 8在3月8日；帶 有Day的節(jié)日前用on如：on National Day(3)in: 早晨， 中午， 晚上前用in:in the morning ， in the afternoon ， in the evening ，月份前用in ，如 in December ; 季節(jié)前用in ，如 winter; 年份前用in ，如 in 1999八、基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的方法1. 直

12、接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上th 。 如 :seventh 第七， tenth 第十， thirteenth 第十三，2.以 y 結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變y 為 i ，再加上eth 。如 :twentieth 第二十。3. 不規(guī)則的。如:first 第一 , second 第二， third 第三， fifth 第五， eighth 第八， ninth 第九， twelfth 第十二。4. 有兩個或以上單詞組成的基數(shù)詞只改最后一個單詞如twenty-first 第二十一。九、some /any 的用法1. 肯定句中用some:I have some toys in my bedroom.2. 問句和否定句中用a

13、ny:Do you have any brothers or sisters?-case.He hasn t got any pencils in his pencil3. 詢問想要什么時用some:Would you like some juice?Can I have some stamps?十、 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)1 .肯定何（有）:There is +單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞There are + 復(fù)數(shù)注 : 遵循就近原則，看靠there be 最近的t.（ 或人 ）;have（has）2 . 一般疑問何（有嗎,）:Is there？ Yes, there is./ No, there i

14、snAre there ？ Yes, there are. /No, there aren ' t.3 .否定何（沒有）：There isn ' t .There aren ' t .4 .there be 句型與 have（has） 的區(qū)別 :there be 表示在某地有某物表示某人擁有某物。十一、祈使句Sit down please.Don t open the door, please.Let s go to the park.（ 注 : 祈使句中動詞用原形）十二、 （ 情態(tài)）動詞can, may, must, should, will 后面直接用動詞原形。1.

15、 I / He / She / They can sing.May I come in?I must go now.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. You ll be good friends.十四、特殊疑問句1 .What 什么 （ 問什么事 , 什么物或什么工作等）What are you doing, I m reading.What did you do yesterday? I played basketball.What are you going to do? I m going to do homework.What is t

16、hat? It s a book.What does he/she do?She s a nurse.What time is it? It s seven.2 . What colour 問顏色What colour is your coat? It s red.3 . when 什么時候When do you get up? I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday? It s on the 21st of December.4 .Which 哪一個Which is your watch, the yellow one or the whit

17、e one?The yellow is mine.5 .Who 誰Who is the man with a big nose? He s my uncle.6 .Whose 誰的Whose bag is it? It s his bag.7 .Where 哪里Where is my pen? It s under the book.8 .Why為什么Why do you like summer? Because 9 .How many 多少How many books are there in the school bag?There are four books in the school

18、 bag.10 . How old 幾歲How old i s the young man? He s nineteen.11 .How much 多少錢How much is the toy bear? It s eleven yuan.12 .How 怎么樣(How long/ big/tall ？)How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by car.How long is the river? It s 10 miles long.十五 . 已經(jīng)學(xué)過的動詞sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsing