液壓與氣壓傳動課程設計說明書

1、egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac.20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee,onbehalofmycmpay203workre10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpaniesadeetot he pays 1 great si

2、i for gudance,cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprsema， ametji nes ma nagement a nd cntolsce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamoniousanddemotc am

3、osphee of leegoodslion.Mat.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t otaed "85 billon kW,b.ondtheannualb_gl implementatoncaaCyof35milonkW,an.ceaseof77mHonkW.Saestot- -.45 b*bn kW, dig saes of 330m"nk Wthe a nnua Exeutve bbdget anicra-of"9 mil on IW. S euriy meaues uplannedoutg

4、es25tme.Nopesonaijuyacientocculd,nomajoraccidentaIdabo<e, no mjr fie icc dets wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude nt* re cnseutve ,as to maitai >ta I lty to good posue>usinssInaIUaidiatos：totalprlsof 25 mlin Yua n, . ond the anna l budget of 20- mlionYuan,beyondtheDaangcompany i nddx 4。！ mlin l

5、a n, a i ncra se of 1.1 mil on Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrde furEnegypoweluppy sandadcacompleiIg32* g /kW, ddw 01 g kW； ,e. d ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutantons pefmanceggeayrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-g kW, lul u dixi de 004 g/k W NOx 052 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha998%.Re

6、-bHyinex iquvt avalabiiytri n 0-7%, icese d "*% foma yar ea .Equivaetfrccdoutage ate 08%, 06% eductionovethese | eid a yerea .Majracieementsfrstshoudmhee t tetw manng-etsystm"bbss,sengteningechnologicarrseach,sengtenhidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscs yEner-ecnntrrctintoknnwstesThetwo-maage

7、mentsstm-formprovlmetFocusonpromotingtepoweofthe cmpay managgmetsystmadteapplicatonadmpenatonofthesaeyloopfvesta mang-eI t sstm, impr'e t he saeymanaemet ly m, eaizthesstmofsaeycntol.Futeeguaesecuiyroutnis, iafey iupevison a nd manng-e ntetwork rol etop m t a cieve clsd lop. Ste I gte ning the l

8、upevs on a nd mang-etof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning t he - feysuevis onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, ddy lupevi son of plducton -feyad tIeOpicme s ad ote樂孫*4大學NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY液壓與氣壓傳動課程設計說明書

9、學 院：機電工程學院設計題目：齒輪內(nèi)孔鍵槽的簡易插床液壓系統(tǒng)設計專業(yè)班級：機械電子工程2009級1班學 生：2011年12月ea .Majracieements is, shoudIdhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,se ngte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscsaeyEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow

10、 e of the cmpay managgmet systm ad te applicato n and mpllme naton of the saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<et he saeymanaemetly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaese cuity routnes saeyiupenison a nd mannge nt network rol e tp m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gtening thelupevson a nd mangetof ha

11、biuavi olaton of, sengte ning thelafeysupevsi onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey prooucin mont h, dyiupenison of pl_ctonlafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteegae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， hedone sen of fu sf r.lsen

12、“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to t he pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concep

13、t of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m<emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl .th

14、e batey id-to. powe ge neat tot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, digsaes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occ

15、uld,no major a cci dent a I d abo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude re cnseutveleasto maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n,.ond the anna l budget of 207 mlion Yuan, beyond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of1.1

16、 milon Yuan, FM ase-men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g /kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu d c ompard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW；.semo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta

17、labiiy trin 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer目錄1 .工況分析與計算 -2-1.1 基本結(jié)構(gòu)與動作順序 -2-1.2 主要性能參數(shù) -2-1.3 負載分析 -2-2 .液壓系統(tǒng)圖的擬定 -3-2.1 確定液壓泵類型及調(diào)速方式 -3-2.2 選用執(zhí)行元件 -3-2.3 快速運動回路和速度換接回路 -3-2.4 換向回路的選擇 -3-2.5 組成液壓系統(tǒng)繪原理圖 -3-3 .液壓元件的計算與選擇 -3-3.1 液壓閥及過濾器的選擇 -3-

18、3.2 油管的選擇 -4-3.3 油箱容積的確定 -4-4 .液壓缸/集成塊/郵箱的結(jié)構(gòu)設計 -4-4.1 液壓系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)計算 -4-4.2 液壓泵的參數(shù)計算 7-4.3 電動機的選擇 -7-4.4 壓力損失的驗算及泵壓力的調(diào)整 -8-4.5 液壓系統(tǒng)的發(fā)熱和溫升驗算 -10-5 .設計總結(jié) -11-參考文獻 -11-egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uato

19、n, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee,onbehalofmycmpay203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpaniesadeetothepays1great sii for gudance,cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et,

20、coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I tofenteprse ma， ametji nes ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegoodslion.Mat.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t ot 785 biin IW_, b.ondtheannualb_gl implementatoncaaCyof35mi

21、lonkW, a n .cease of 77 mHonIW.Saestot- -.45 b*bn IW, dig saes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, anicra-o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplannedoutges25tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,nomajor a cci dent a I d a bo<e, no maorfielcc det s wihout envi onmeta poluin 一 re cnseutve leasto m

22、aitai >ta I lty to good pos ureFusiiss Ina I U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n, . ond the anna l budget of 207 mlionYua n, bey ond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of 1.1 mil on Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrdefurEnegypoweluppy sandadcacompleiIg32* g /kW, ddw 01 g kW； ftegg

23、ited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmanceggyrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-g IW.lul u dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinex iquvaleta labiiytri n 0-7%, icese d ”% fom a yarea - .E-letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eductionovetese | eid a yerea

24、.Majracieementsis,shoud idhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,sengte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscs yEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow e of the cmpay managgmetsystmadteapplicaton and mpllme naton of the

25、 saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<e t he saeymanaemet ly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaesecuityroutnessaey iupenisonand mannge ntetwork rol etop m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gte ning the lupevs on a nd mangetof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning t helafeysuevis onofousuc ng cntac ors Caare

26、 d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, dy iupeni son of plducton lafeyad teOympc Gmes ad ote1工況分析與計算1.1 基本結(jié)構(gòu)與動作順序齒輪內(nèi)孔鍵槽插床主要有工作臺、床身、手動夾緊，插刀等組成，加工對象為待加工的齒輪，能 實現(xiàn)加工齒輪內(nèi)孔鍵槽的功能。工作循環(huán)如下：工件夾緊到工作臺插刀啟動T 快進T 停止T插刀啟動T快退，至此循環(huán)工作，直至加工出要求的齒輪內(nèi)孔鍵槽。1.2 主要性能參數(shù)(1)軸

27、向切削力Ft=22000N;(2)插頭質(zhì)量G=500N ;(3)加減速時間?t=0.2s；(4)插刀行程與工件厚度與插刀初始位置與工件距離有關(guān)，快進與快退速度均為13m/min；(6)插刀要求運動平穩(wěn)，但可以隨時停止運動。1.3 負載分析負載分析中，暫不考慮回油腔的背壓力，液壓缸的密封裝置產(chǎn)生的摩擦阻力在機械效率中加以考慮。因工作部件是臥式放置，插刀下行受重力和摩擦阻力，切削時受切削力和重力v一而慣性力Fm -m =50 1 =50Nm : t如果忽略切削力引起的顛覆力矩對導軌摩擦力的影響，并設液壓缸的機械效率11m =0.9,則液壓缸在各工作階段的總機械負載可以算出，見表一。表一液壓缸各運動

28、階段負載表運動階段計算公式總機械負載F/N啟動加速F=(Fm-G)/”-500快進F=-G/nm-555.6切削F=(Fe-G)/”m22777.8快退啟動F=(G+ Fm)/nm611.1快退F=G/1tlm555.62液壓系統(tǒng)圖的擬定2.1 確定液壓泵類型及調(diào)速方式參考同類組合機床，選用雙作用葉片泵雙泵供油、調(diào)速閥進油節(jié)流調(diào)速的開式回路，溢流閥作定 壓閥。ea .Majracieements is, shoudIdhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,se ngte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha

29、zads cntr I l and itiscsaeyEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow e of the cmpay managgmet systm ad te applicato n and mpllme naton of the saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<et he saeymanaemetly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaese cuity

30、routnes saeyiupenison a nd mannge nt network rol e tp m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gtening thelupevson a nd mangetof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning thelafeysupevsi onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey prooucin mont h, dyiupeniso

31、n of pl_ctonlafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteegae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， hedone sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I

32、202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to t he pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m<emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad

33、 ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl .the batey id-to. powe ge neat tot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, digsaes of 330ml0n k Wthe

34、 a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,no major a cci dent a I d abo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude re cnseutveleasto maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of

35、25 mlin Yua n,.ond the anna l budget of 207 mlion Yuan, beyond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of1.1 milon Yuan, FM ase-men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g /kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu

36、 d c ompard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW；.semo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta labiiy trin 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer2.2 選用執(zhí)行元件因系統(tǒng)動作循環(huán)要求正向快進和工作，反向快退，且快進、快退速度相等，因此選用單活塞桿液壓缸，快進時差動連接，無桿腔面積A等于有桿面積 A2

37、的兩倍。2.3 快速運動回路和速度換接回路根據(jù)本例的運動方式和要求，采用三位四通回路來實現(xiàn)快速運動。即快進時，差動連接快進，快 退是正常速度。2.4 換向回路的選擇本系統(tǒng)對換向的平穩(wěn)性沒有嚴格的要求，所以選用電磁換向器的換向回路。為便于實現(xiàn)差動連接,選用了三位四通換向閥。2.5 組成液壓系統(tǒng)繪原理圖將上述所選定的液壓回路進行組合，并根據(jù)要求作必要的修改補充，即組成如圖所示的液壓系統(tǒng)圖。表二液壓系統(tǒng)中各電磁鐵的動作順序如下1YA2YA3YA4YA快進+-+快退-+-+卸荷-3液壓元件的計算與選擇3.1液壓閥及過濾器的選擇根據(jù)液壓閥在系統(tǒng)中的最高工作壓力與通過該閥的最大流量，可選出這些元件的型號及

38、規(guī)格。本5 、例中所有閥的額定壓力都為63黑10 Pa,額定流量根據(jù)各閥通過的流量，確定為 10L/min, 25L/min和63L/min三種規(guī)格，所有元件的規(guī)格型號列于表三中，過濾器按液壓泵額定流量的兩倍選取吸油用線隙式過濾器。egae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee

39、, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to the pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept ofd - lo.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove

40、, ooth iree I tof enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t ot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k

41、W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, dig saes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,no major a cci dent a I d a bo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin 一 re cnseutveleast

42、o maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n,.ond the annal budget of 207 mlion Yua n, bey ond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncrase of 1.1 milon Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g/kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggi

43、ted ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta labiiy tri n 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer表

44、三液壓元件明細表序號元件名稱一 ，一 ，、一/I.1最大通過流量/L min-型號1用里葉片泵16YB12單向閥12RVP-103三位四通電磁閥324WE5A6.04二位三通電磁閥324WE5N/O6.05液壓缸自制6先導式溢流閥4DBA-5X/Y7過濾器32SU1型燒結(jié)式過濾器8壓力表開關(guān)KF-L8/M149壓力表Y-6010二位二通電磁換向 閥324WE5A6.03.2 油管的選擇根據(jù)選定的液壓閥的連接油口尺寸確定管道尺寸。液壓缸的進、出油管按輸入、排出的最大流量來計算。由于本系統(tǒng)液壓缸差動連接快進快退時，油管內(nèi)通油量最大，其實際流量為泵的額定流量的 兩倍達32L/min ,則液壓缸進、出

45、油管直徑 d按產(chǎn)品樣本，選用內(nèi)徑為15mm,外徑為19mm的10號冷拔 鋼管。3.3 油箱容積的確定中壓系統(tǒng)的油箱容積一般取液壓泵額定流量的57倍，本設計取6倍，故油箱容積為V=6X16=96L4液壓缸/集成塊/油箱的結(jié)構(gòu)設計4.1液壓系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)計算(1)初選液壓缸的工作壓力參考同類型組合機床，初定液壓缸的工作壓力為P =30M105Pa(2)確定液壓缸的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸本例要求插刀的快進、快退速度相等，現(xiàn)采用活塞桿固定的單杠式液壓缸?？爝M時均采用差動聯(lián)接，并取無桿腔有效面積 A等于有桿腔有效面積 A2的2倍，即A1 =2A2。由表一可知最大負載為切削健槽工作階段的負載F=12777.8N,按此計

46、算 A則A1 =F/p1 =22777.8/30*105 =76.25cm2 D = J4ALem = 108.4mmV冗由此可知活塞桿直徑d = 76.6mm按GB/T2348 1993將所計算的D與d值分別圓整到相近的標準直徑，以便采用標準的密封置。圓整后D=110mm d=80cm按標準直徑算出egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scus

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54、spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, dy iupeni son of plducton lafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteA1 = D2 = 9498.5mm24222A2 = （D2 d2） =4474.5mm2（3）計算液壓缸各工作階段的工作壓力、流量和功率根據(jù)液壓缸的負載圖和速度圖以及液壓缸的有效面積，可以算出液壓缸工作過程各階段的壓力、流量和功率，表四 液壓缸所需的實際流量、壓力和功率<F進油壓力pj回油壓力pb所帝流里輸

55、入功率PNpapbL/minkW差動快進F +APA, pj=A -A2 q=v(A -A,) P = p)q-555.61.1M10506.580.006切削過程_ F + pbA2 j Aq = AvP = pjq2277724M105012.3480.49快退_ F -A pj= Aq = A2 v P = p)q555.612.41710505.8170.12（4）缸筒壁厚和外套的計算（一）液壓缸的壁厚一般是指鋼筒結(jié)構(gòu)中最薄處的厚度。其值由液壓缸的強度條件來確定。 對于薄壁鋼筒（D/&之10）& 2py_2cr = 7.34mm 取8mm式中：D液壓缸直徑Py_缸筒試驗壓力，當液壓缸額定工作壓力p16Mpa時。取py =1.5p（二）剛的厚度的確定