精餾塔全塔物料衡算

1、、精儲(chǔ)塔全塔物料衡算F:進(jìn)料量（kmol/）D:塔頂產(chǎn)品流量（kmol/）W:塔底殘液流量（kmo1/）F=1.2104taXf=4600原料甲醇組成：xF=46/32.0454v:原料組成（摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)、下同）XF丫：塔頂組成XD丫：塔底組成XwXd=93%Xw=1%M水=18.02k%mol=32.40018.0293/32.04n塔頂組成：Xd=88.2°。93/32.047/18.02塔底組成：Xw=莊04=0.6001/32.0499/18.02進(jìn)料量:F=1.2101.210100.324/32.04(1-0.324)/18.022.=2.205X10-kmo13002436

2、00物料衡算式為:FXf=DXdWXw聯(lián)立代入求解:3D=810一2W=1.40510一、常壓下甲醇一水氣液平衡組成（摩爾）與溫度關(guān)系1、溫度tF-90.332.4一7.6790.3-88.9tF,7.67-9.26otF=68.52C64.7一66.93100-87.41tD64.788.2一100.tDo=66.76C100-92.9tw-1000.6-0two=99.2C精微段平均溫度:t1tFtD68.5266.76=67.640c提儲(chǔ)段平均溫度:68.5266.76=83.86°C2、密度混合液密度:aA+aB(a為質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù),M為相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量已知：混合氣密度:T0PM22.

3、4Tp塔頂溫度:to=66.76oC氣相組成:66.964.7y:D91.96-10066.7664.7100y-100yD=92.500進(jìn)料溫度:tF=68.52oC氣相組成:70-6870-68.52塔底溫度:氣相組成:i精微段:液相組成:氣相組成:所以:2提福段:y:F84.92-89.62tw=99.2°CYw:Xiyi84.92-100yf100-92.9100-99.20-28.340_100vJw(XdX(VdJf)2.yF=88.40oyw二39%.Xi=6O.3°o.y=90.4500ML=32.04m0.603+18.02(10.603)=26.474k

4、gkmolVi=32.04x0.9045+18.02(1-0.9045)=30.7k9/kmol液相組成:X2X2=16.5°。氣相組成:y2(VwVf).y=46.1500匚M所以：=32.04M0.165+18.02(10.165)=20.33k9/kmol=32.04M0.4615+18.02(1-0.4615)=24.49k9kmol由不同溫度下甲醇和水的密度:溫度/oC甲醇水50760988.160751983.270743977.880734971.890725965.3100716958.4求得在tD、匕、3下的甲醇和水的密度（單位：kgm-）otF=68.52C70-

5、6070-68.52=P=744.628743一751743-cFcF70-6070-68.52=978.599977.8-983.2977.8-PwFwF10.461-0.46=-=855.015:744.628978.599FFotD=66.76C=746.564cD70-6070-66.76743-751743_pcD70-6070-66.76=:-=979.55977.8-983.2977.8-PcDwD10.931-0.93二=759.204:746.564979.55DDotw=99.2C100-90100-99.2=:-=716.72716-725716-PcWcW100-901

6、00一99.2=:-=965.852958.4-965.3965.3一二'wWwW10.011-0.01,=:-962.51P716.72965.852WW=(855.015+759.204=807.11(p+P所以：。=FIL1=(962.51855.015)=908762.(P十pp=WFL2MLF=XfM甲醇*（1Xf>M水=22.56kmolMLWXwM甲醇+（1Xw）M水18.10/kmolMldMlfMLWMLFMVD-Yd|7甲（yD）M水=3°,9885%molMVF=YfM甲醇+（1-Yf）M水=30.41k4olMVW7wM十（1V）na=18.46

7、7kg/甲醇ywM水/kmolVFVDVWMVDMVF=30.699kgkmolMVWMVF=24,4385kgkmolMVF273.1522.4（273.15+匕）MVD273.1522.4（273.15+fD）MVW273.1522.4（273.15fW）PVFpVD=1.085=1.112=0.605=1.0985pVFpVW=0.845V23、混合液體表面張力:二元有機(jī)物一水溶液表面張力可用下列公式計(jì)算:sWsOXwVXoV<psWXwVXoVXoVXoVWXsWS中soOSMld=XdMM甲醇+（1-XD）MM水=30.39/kmolqw中b=ig()中o2,q10V.=0.4

8、41()Tq；2./swA=lg()<Pso-1swso式中，下腳標(biāo)w、o、s分別代表水、有機(jī)物及表面部分;Xw、Xo指主體部分的分子數(shù);VwVo指主體部分的分子體積;-：-1-W仃為純水、有機(jī)物的表面張力；對(duì)甲醇o(jì)7q=1。cDcWcFwFwDwWmcmcpcWmc"fmcpwFmcPwDmc"w32.04=42.92mL746.56432.04716.7232.04744.628=44.70mL=43.03mL18.02=18.41mL978.599218.02=18.40mL979.5518.02=18.66mL965.852由不同溫度下甲醇和水的表面張力:溫度

9、/oc甲醇表面張力/(10N/m)水的表面張力/(10N/m)6019.366.27018.264.38017.462.69016.460.710015.558.8求得在tD、匕、tW下的甲醇和水的表面張力(單位：10-3N/m)甲醇的表面張力:70-6018.2-19.370一68.5218.2-二°F仃cF=18.36水的表面張力:塔頂表面張力:70-6018.2-19.370-66.7618.2一1cD100-9015.5-16.4100-99.215.5,八,.cW70-6064.3-66.270一68.52-64.3一二.70-6064.3-66.270-66.7664.3

10、二wD100-9058.8-60.7100-99.258.8-二ww甲wD<pcD.ccDcWwF.二wW=18.56=15.57=64.58二64.9156=58.95K1-XD)VwD一XdVcdK1-XD)VwD.XdVcd=0.00144<P一,wD、B=lg()=lg(0.00144)=-2.837平cD2q二cD/3=0.441()V_cDTqwD2o=-0.293wDA=B+Q=-2.84+(-0.29)=-3.13<P,swD、A=lg()聯(lián)立方程組：n=>scD二1swDscD=0.00074swD=0.99926scDswD14wD1.'sc

11、D二：D=0.000741164.9240.9992618.56，=2.076oD=18.58原料表面張力:9wF<pcFK1一XF)VwF=0.0338XfVcfKIXf)VwFXfVcf<PB=lg(w1)=lg(0.0338)=-1.47中cF_2q二cFV3cf2Q=0.441()=一二wf、,31=-0.29TqVwFA=B+Q=-1.47+(-0.29)=-1.76聯(lián)立方程組:=ig(=0.017swFscF=>swF+中二1=0.983scFscFswFwF+邛scF。卜=0.01764.580.98318.36-2.026=18.826p塔底表面張力：一wWK

12、1-Xw)VwwcWXwVcwK1-Xw)VwW=3.6754xWVcW=ig(wW./_、_)=lg(3.6754)=0.5653中cWCT=0.441(-)T2cw/3VcW"ww、/3VwW=-0.261聯(lián)立=0.5653十(-0.261)=0.3043=lg(一中swW、一)swW=0.668scW=>swWscW二1scW=0.332swWL4wW+中scW14cW=0.66858.95-0.33244.7=2.51=39.721精儲(chǔ)段的平均表面張力為:2提福段的平均表面張力為:（二工18.703（二=29.1524、混合物的粘度不同溫度下甲醇和水粘度系數(shù):溫度/oc

13、甲醇粘度系數(shù)/N甲醇水粘度系數(shù)/口卜水600.350.479700.3060.414800.2770.362900.2510.3211000.2250.28870-6070_67.640.3060.3500.306.平甲醇=°.316o67.64Ct1甲醇70-6070-67.64水=0.4291精微段粘度:2提儲(chǔ)段粘度5、相對(duì)揮發(fā)度Xf"3240.884XdXW90-8090-83.860.251-0.2770.251_'90一8090一83.860.414-0.4790.4140.321一0.362ot2=83.68C水=0.2670.321'.水=0.346口甲醇Xi+水(1Xi)=0.3609mPasYf甲醇X2+R水(1-X2)=0.333mPa