熱工儀表及控制裝置檢修運(yùn)行規(guī)程

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4、. 一 -l ”. on. - .o.l on. OS熱工儀表及控制裝置檢修運(yùn)行規(guī)程（試行）中華人民共和國水利電力部關(guān)于頒發(fā)熱工儀表及控制裝置檢修運(yùn)行規(guī)程（試行）的通知（86）水電電生字第93 號(hào)為提高火力發(fā)電廠熱工儀表及控制裝置的檢修質(zhì)量和運(yùn)行維護(hù)水平，我部組織制訂了熱工儀表及控制裝置檢修運(yùn)行規(guī)程（試行），現(xiàn)頒布試行。各單位可根據(jù)本規(guī)程規(guī)定，結(jié)合本單位儀表、控制裝置及自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)的具體情況，制訂執(zhí)行細(xì)則。對(duì)于組件儀表等新型儀表及控制裝置內(nèi)容，待進(jìn)一步總結(jié)使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)后逐步納入本規(guī)程。各單位要注意總結(jié)在試行本規(guī)程中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和問題，并將意見及時(shí)報(bào)告我部。1986 年 12 月1 總則1.1 本規(guī)程適用于

5、火力發(fā)電廠已投產(chǎn)機(jī)組所采用的熱工儀表及控制裝置的一般性檢修調(diào)校和日常運(yùn)行維護(hù)工作；本規(guī)程不作為電廠車間（分場）或班組之間職責(zé)分工的依據(jù)。1.2 熱工儀表及控制裝置檢修和調(diào)校的目的是恢復(fù)和確認(rèn)熱工儀表及控制裝置的性能與質(zhì)量；熱工儀表及控制裝置的運(yùn)行維護(hù)原則是確保熱工儀表及控制裝置狀態(tài)良好和工作可靠。對(duì)于熱工儀表及控制裝置的檢修調(diào)校和運(yùn)行維護(hù)工作，在遵守本規(guī)程規(guī)定的原則下，各單位可結(jié)合本單位具體情況，制訂規(guī)程實(shí)施細(xì)則。1.3 機(jī)組設(shè)備完善和可控性良好，是熱工儀表及控制裝置隨機(jī)組投入運(yùn)行的重要條件。當(dāng)由于機(jī)組設(shè)備問題使熱工儀表及控制裝置無法工作時(shí)，儀表及裝置不得強(qiáng)行投入運(yùn)行。1.4 隨機(jī)組運(yùn)行的主要

6、熱工儀表及控制裝置，其大、小修一般隨機(jī)組大、小修同時(shí)進(jìn)行；非主要熱工儀表及控制裝置的檢修周期，一般不應(yīng)超過兩年；對(duì)于在運(yùn)行中可更換而不影響機(jī)組安全運(yùn)行的熱工儀表及控制裝置，可采用備用儀表及控制裝置替換，進(jìn)行輪換式檢修。1.5 熱工儀表及控制裝置在機(jī)組啟動(dòng)前的現(xiàn)場調(diào)校，重點(diǎn)是對(duì)包括該儀表及控制裝置在內(nèi)的檢測和控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行聯(lián)調(diào)，使其綜合誤差和可靠性符合機(jī)組安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的要求。1.6 不屬于連鎖保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的熱工儀表及控制裝置在運(yùn)行中的就地調(diào)校，重點(diǎn)是檢查和確認(rèn)該儀表及控制裝置的準(zhǔn)確度、穩(wěn)定度和靈敏度，使其工作在最佳狀態(tài)。1.7 對(duì)隨機(jī)組運(yùn)行的主要熱工儀表及控制裝置，應(yīng)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場運(yùn)行質(zhì)量檢查，其檢查周期一

7、般為三個(gè)月，最長周期不應(yīng)超過半年。1.8 在試驗(yàn)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行熱工儀表及控制裝置的常規(guī)性調(diào)校時(shí)，室內(nèi)環(huán)境應(yīng)清潔，光線應(yīng)充足，無明顯震動(dòng)和強(qiáng)磁場干擾，室溫保持在20± 5 ，相對(duì)濕度不大于85%。1.9 在試驗(yàn)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行熱工儀表及控制裝置的校準(zhǔn)時(shí)，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)器基本誤差的絕對(duì)值應(yīng)小于被校儀表及裝置基本誤差的絕對(duì)值，一般應(yīng)等于或小于被校儀表及裝置基本誤差絕對(duì)值的1/3； 在現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行儀表及裝置比對(duì)時(shí)，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)器的基本誤差絕對(duì)值應(yīng)小于或等于被校儀表及裝置基本誤差絕對(duì)值。1.10 凡主設(shè)備廠或儀表制造廠對(duì)提供的熱工儀表及控制裝置的質(zhì)量和運(yùn)行條件有特別規(guī)定時(shí)，該儀表及控制裝置的檢修調(diào)校和運(yùn)行維護(hù)工作應(yīng)遵守其特別

8、規(guī)定。1.11 熱工測量及自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)、控制、保護(hù)系統(tǒng)中的電氣儀表與繼電器的檢修調(diào)校和運(yùn)行維護(hù)， 應(yīng)按照部頒電氣儀表及繼電保護(hù)檢修運(yùn)行規(guī)程中的有關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行。第一篇檢測儀表2壓力檢測儀表本章壓力檢測儀表，是指采用彈性應(yīng)變原理制做的各種單圈彈簧管（膜盒或膜片）式壓力表、真空表、壓力真空表以及遠(yuǎn)傳壓力（真空）表。2.1 檢修項(xiàng)目與質(zhì)量要求在檢修前，應(yīng)對(duì)壓力表進(jìn)行檢查性校準(zhǔn)，觀察儀表是否有泄漏、 卡澀、指針跳動(dòng)等現(xiàn)象，并作好記錄；壓力表解體檢修后，應(yīng)作耐壓試驗(yàn)，其質(zhì)量要求見表1。2.1.1 一般性檢查 壓力表的表盤應(yīng)平整清潔，分度線、數(shù)字以及符號(hào)等應(yīng)完整、清晰。 表盤玻璃完好清

9、潔，嵌裝嚴(yán)密。名稱壓力表真空表壓力真空表耐壓試驗(yàn)值測量上限值-93.3kPa測量上限或卜限值耐壓時(shí)間（min）533質(zhì)里要求數(shù)值變化小于耐壓試驗(yàn)值的 1%視為合格 壓力表接頭螺紋無滑扣、錯(cuò)扣，緊固螺母無滑方現(xiàn)象。 壓力表指針平直完好，軸向嵌裝端正，與銅套挪接牢固，與表盤或玻璃面不碰擦。 測量特殊氣體的壓力表，應(yīng)有明顯的相應(yīng)標(biāo)記。2.1.2 主要機(jī)械部件的檢查、清理 游絲各圈間距均勻、同心平整，其表面應(yīng)無斑點(diǎn)和損傷。 上下夾板、中心齒輪、扇形齒輪、拉桿鎖眼等各部件應(yīng)清潔，無明顯的磨損。 彈性測量元件應(yīng)無銹斑、變形

10、和泄漏。 機(jī)械部分組裝后，緊配合部件應(yīng)無松動(dòng)；可動(dòng)部件應(yīng)動(dòng)作靈活平穩(wěn)。 機(jī)械部件組裝后，應(yīng)向各軸孔中加少量鐘表油。2.1.3 電接點(diǎn)檢查 電接點(diǎn)壓力（真空）表的接點(diǎn)應(yīng)無明顯斑痕和燒損。 電接點(diǎn)壓力表的信號(hào)端子對(duì)外殼的絕緣電阻，在正常條件下，用500V絕緣表測試，應(yīng)不小于20M Q。2.1.4 電感式遠(yuǎn)傳壓力表電氣部分檢查 在正常條件下，測量電路對(duì)外殼、測量電路對(duì)電源端子的絕緣電阻，用 250V絕緣表 測試，應(yīng)不小于20M Q ;電源端子對(duì)外殼的絕緣電阻，用 500V絕緣表測試，應(yīng)不小于20MQ。 . nl.-Cd, “ li

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24、動(dòng)圈毫伏表或電子電位差計(jì)）的檢修校準(zhǔn)參見本規(guī)程第3章溫度檢測儀表的相應(yīng)部分。 2.1.5 變阻式遠(yuǎn)傳壓力表電氣部分檢查 滑線電阻和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)電刷應(yīng)清潔，電刷與滑線電阻應(yīng)接觸良好，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)靈活。 滑線電阻的起始電阻應(yīng)不大于13a ,滿量程電阻應(yīng)為 360±150。 當(dāng)交流電源電壓變化額定值的±10%時(shí)，穩(wěn)壓電源輸出直流電壓的變化量應(yīng)不超過額定輸出值的±0.5%。 二次儀表（比率表或動(dòng)圈毫伏表）的檢修校準(zhǔn)參見本規(guī)程第3章溫度檢測儀表的相應(yīng)部分。2.1.6 差動(dòng)式遠(yuǎn)傳壓力表電氣部分檢查 線圈和鐵芯應(yīng)清潔，鐵芯

25、應(yīng)平直，并與線圈保持同心；在正常條件下，用250V 絕緣表測試，電氣線路對(duì)外殼的絕緣電阻應(yīng)不小于20M ;線圈電阻值應(yīng)符合規(guī)定值，偏差應(yīng)不超過規(guī)定值的±2%。 電子差動(dòng)儀的曲線板應(yīng)清潔、平整、線型規(guī)整，其傳動(dòng)滑輪應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)靈活、無偏斜和 無明顯磨損現(xiàn)象。 可逆電機(jī)和同步電機(jī)應(yīng)清潔、轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)靈活無雜音；其靜子和轉(zhuǎn)子繞組對(duì)外殼的絕緣電阻，在正常條件下，用 500V絕緣表測試，應(yīng)不小于 20M Q。 儀表主軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)應(yīng)靈活、不竄動(dòng)；指針走動(dòng)應(yīng)輕便、無卡澀。 對(duì)有隔離變壓器的儀表，應(yīng)作隔離變壓器的電源檢查。當(dāng)輸入的交流電源電壓為220V時(shí)，其輸出電

26、壓偏差應(yīng)不超過額定值的±10%。 電子放大器應(yīng)清潔，部件完好、無虛焊，性能指標(biāo)應(yīng)符合廠家規(guī)定。2.2 調(diào)校項(xiàng)目與技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2.2.1 彈簧管壓力（真空）表 零點(diǎn)檢查a.有零點(diǎn)限止釘?shù)膬x表，其指針應(yīng)緊靠在限止釘上。b.無零點(diǎn)限止釘?shù)膬x表，其指針應(yīng)在零點(diǎn)分度線寬度范圍內(nèi)。 儀表校準(zhǔn)a.校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)一般不少于5點(diǎn)，應(yīng)包括常用點(diǎn)；準(zhǔn)確度等級(jí)低于2.5級(jí)的儀表，其校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)可以取 3 點(diǎn)，但必須包括常用點(diǎn)。b.儀表的基本誤差，不應(yīng)超過儀表的允許誤差。c.儀表的回程誤差，不應(yīng)超過儀表允許誤差的絕對(duì)值。d.儀表的輕敲位移，不應(yīng)超過儀表允許誤差絕對(duì)值的1/2。2.2.1

27、.3 電接點(diǎn)壓力表校準(zhǔn)a.電接點(diǎn)壓力表的顯示部分校準(zhǔn)按照項(xiàng)執(zhí)行。b.電接點(diǎn)壓力表的接點(diǎn)動(dòng)作誤差應(yīng)符合廠家規(guī)定值。對(duì)于廠家未規(guī)定接點(diǎn)動(dòng)作誤差的，mprove,se curityprev entionca pacity obvi ously e nhanced,securityhidden and security accide nt obviouslyreduce d,effective guara ntees informati on healthdevelopment.XXE ducation Centrereg ularlycarry out day -to-daynetwo

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30、irus system, AviraV irus systemona reg ularbasi s,and anti -virussoftware se curitya ssessment,timeto upgrade. Com puterla bmaintenance managementforall equi pmentin t he rooma reg ulardust,replaand Ci scoproducts.Intheir . _i,il. 一 _and soluti ons through ameeting,without rollitfhoregeo-loedsatrenl

31、idailyw ork,to publ icizerelatece theold la bel.ng up theaRegularly host servers, netwdknowle dgeand information se cptirfiecsbaeiltiintot,yni,tnoretsqoulvireheempreopnten obslepamsc,eaonfsdpsfuecbehloidoblareclcurity considerati-.L L IIorkswitches, coreroutingcktosuperiorsions.Enhanced gl obal awI-

32、 L_storesolvdwaremainte nance,such asearene ssofnetw orkand information see.Thr ough self-examinati on,we aqui pmentfailure,shouldcurit y,and strive toa. _ewellaware,relativelansurebepr ocessedin atimely mannerin ordertoechiev e netw orkeveryone knows se curity a ndvir us before theguard,toim ckofin

33、vestme ntin educati on, facilities a nd equi pmentforfurthereprrojes,csttucdoennsttr uctniumobnermisan65ag69oefmtheent manual,oPpaerntispace,cthuelarly witcity's thotraelgsatrsafeand reli able operati on ofthe system.Inupdates,educati identssta1ll8a.t3i1otnop(rjeuniprovenetw orkand informationse

34、一 L XX cityinformationand equipmeon development isstillunevecurity,ensure that t- - .ntwas estaheXXeducatiw education conceptsblished wit hinthe Centre ,educationalmetropolitanarea netw orkce nter machi ne roomXX.Serversanddatast oresa nd a pplicationstoset up in XX City metropolitan areasystem secu

35、rity.Tracking reportingsystem re quireshe devel opme ntofcity educatinetwork center machine room.Wi ndowsServer2003, windowsS erver2008,windowsServer2012,Liork,regularly carryout emergency drills,and carrienux,the operating system, thecounties a s adrivi ngforce,furt herincrease input in eioctnivBel

36、uyreoarugani zeoifmXpXletmitele andnmtaotdioernn edoufcatdiivisionofa claonalted outspe cialfundsevducation,efforts topromscsh,naotleaogytcehaecrhieransosene cladatabactthe securityofinformation.Annual2-3Wanfu, as MicrosoftOffice software.Schools (unitnd Michael Jenki ns, aofcomputer, ipatein provin

37、cecpr oducts,i ncl udi ng theonaland technicalteam,schoolnetw-to-face ornetw orklear ning, doeauseof360a nd ki ngsoft Internet seork managers on commonnetwcurity s oftware.hasteachersorkfailures aXXeducati on metropolitacurityilita n area netw orkused by t he serverforHP ,firewalland information ses

38、sue s.Issuesthatcannotbe resolve d,timelyformsofmeetings,XX cityeducationinformationandequipme nt Ce nteron re quireme ntsthe teacuritypr oductforHuaweisuchasmen ofon management pernagement,computerforitsproprietary, and releasesresponsibl eforconfidention computerenjoysial management, passwordmahel

39、d sy stem,signe d ha snetw orkse curity responsi bility;weofprovisi ons ispr ohi bited, such as l eaks, invesecurity,a ssurance responsibdthe r oles a nd responsi bilities ofinformationequipmentin t-I.ny on-Governme nt,resource li brary, test database, mailservi- LXXEducationorkoftopic caces, such a

40、se- two platforms.At present,the city'ssede sign, relie son Ciscocompaprimaryand middleschool-books,allintranetserviceny thought Shu aidl.longradi ng record ahas threeyear10:1;809 equipmend evals technoluation ofschool (units), requirementstheschool(units) accordicurity gradeprotectintclassestnd

41、manpowerlnismhamnepnotwechi ng points digitalresources fullcoverction security managemeofopport unities,againplntaryand midigitalresource s inm oder n distanceeducatin,accor ding tot he standard, high quality planning XX educationalmetropolitan areanetwork realizesWahieve dhasphy sicalfiberschoolsch

42、oolpa ss; Ea ch school construction standards ofcampus netw orkand new or access o al lrooms;cea nd ata nytime.Accordi ngto Ministry ofeducation onfull started impleme ntation te aching point s digitale ducationresourcendequipme nt chairedZ hu Guiyan, responsiblefordistanceeducati on digital resourc

43、es coveringprojnZhaokua n to schools, hundre dsof megabytes ofbroa dbandto t hetable,'wir一.I. .I -.一 . e'(ie: Web,vi deo, a udi o)tothe targe t,electronicw- _ - II -. II. Ln . I- . . Landnltatioocnalgbrraodaedpcraostteiork, broadcast netwuctiona nd gradeevaluation,impleme一一 L-L -ddl e school

44、s cam pus network a nd e ducation city domain,L - I . I -I -. - .一.一ryan mesc ooscam pus newora na netw ork,school s have computernetworks,ontea chi ng pr oject leadi nggroup, XX,chaired the Secretaryforeducation.Enetwork,a quiremeclosed -cir cuittelevi sion netwstablished,digitalresour ces i n mode

45、rnorkcompany cooperation,usiI. .1_ Ing brhe cl assr ooms,real ize thetriple play.dista ncee ducation teachingphysi calfiberlaying-1.1 I- 一160 million YuaSchools share Internetba ndwi dth,canme,XXfull coverage proje ct group, XX, Directorofthe Centerforneeds of teachingum ofcost a chieveeducational i

46、 nformation aofthe schoolorkand netw orkaccessto allrooms;一.-XXeducati on metropolitaork.XXcity schoolsfull coverpr oje ctofnotification (taughttechnin area netw orkce ntermachi ne roomequipmentihiteboards,multimediaJ I_Lces in modernducation teachingfullcalletter(2012) 74tnthe Mi nistryofeducation

47、standardi-.I . I zationmaoteinteractivevideotea chi ng system of moderII III -一n educati onalh,)and XX Pr ov ince Department ofeducation on issueoje ct leadi ng group,cesid XX provinceteadistance e ducationteaching,ntralLi braryofaudi o-vi sualeducation re sources,.LI- - . 一 一 I.I . . - Ichi ng poin

48、ts digitaleducati on re sour cesfull cover projectcoverage projend其動(dòng)作誤差不應(yīng)超過儀表允許誤差的絕對(duì)值的1.5倍。2.2.2 膜盒式、膜片式壓力（真空）顯示儀表膜盒式、膜片式壓力（真空）顯示儀表的校準(zhǔn)按照 項(xiàng)執(zhí)行。2.2.3 遠(yuǎn)傳壓力（真空）表 校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)不少于5 點(diǎn)，應(yīng)包括常用點(diǎn)。 整套儀表的綜合誤差，不應(yīng)超過允許綜合誤差；主要儀表常用點(diǎn)綜合誤差，不應(yīng)超過允許綜合誤差的1/2。 整套儀表的回程誤差，不應(yīng)超過允許綜合誤差的絕對(duì)值。 輕敲位移不應(yīng)超過允許綜合誤差絕

49、對(duì)值的1/2。 二次儀表的報(bào)警動(dòng)作誤差，不應(yīng)超過允許綜合誤差的絕對(duì)值。 記錄儀表的走紙誤差，在額定頻率與額定電壓條件下，在24h 內(nèi)不應(yīng)超過±7.2min，即± 0.5%。2.3 運(yùn)行維護(hù)2.3.1 儀表投入前檢查 一、二次閥門、排污門及各管路接頭處應(yīng)嚴(yán)密不漏。 二次閥門和排污閥門應(yīng)處于關(guān)閉狀態(tài)。 對(duì)帶信號(hào)裝置的壓力表，應(yīng)檢查和調(diào)整其信號(hào)裝置，將設(shè)定指針調(diào)至設(shè)定值。 對(duì)差動(dòng)式遠(yuǎn)傳壓力表，應(yīng)進(jìn)行“紅線”和零位檢查與調(diào)整；對(duì)毫伏指示表，應(yīng)進(jìn)行機(jī)械零位檢查與調(diào)整；對(duì)電子電位差計(jì)，應(yīng)進(jìn)行阻尼調(diào)整；對(duì)

50、比率表，應(yīng)檢查“紅線”。 確認(rèn)二次閥門關(guān)閉和儀表輸入端通“大氣”情況下，無液柱修正的儀表應(yīng)顯示零值；有液柱修正的儀表，應(yīng)核對(duì)液柱修正值。2.3.2 沖洗取樣管 汽、水壓力測量系統(tǒng)的取樣管采用排污沖洗。 有隔離容器的壓力測量系統(tǒng)，不許采用排污沖洗。 沖洗油壓測量系統(tǒng)的取樣管時(shí)，應(yīng)有排油收集裝置和防火措施。2.3.3 儀表的投入與停用 緩慢稍開一次閥門，檢查確認(rèn)取樣管路各接頭處無泄漏后，全開一、二次閥門，接通儀表電源，儀表即啟動(dòng)投入。 關(guān)閉二次閥門，斷開儀表電源，儀表即停用。長期停用時(shí)，必須關(guān)閉一次閥門。2.3.4

51、 維護(hù) 經(jīng)常保持儀表及其附件清潔。 經(jīng)常檢查管路及閥門接頭處有無滲漏。 定期檢查儀表零點(diǎn)和顯示值的準(zhǔn)確性。 經(jīng)常檢查和消除儀表的記錄故障，保持記錄清晰正確。 定期檢查信號(hào)報(bào)警情況，保持報(bào)警動(dòng)作正確。 毫伏表、電子電位差計(jì)及比率表的維護(hù)參照本規(guī)程第3 章溫度檢測儀表的相應(yīng)部分。3 溫度檢測儀表本章溫度檢測儀表，是指熱電偶溫度計(jì)、熱電阻溫度計(jì)、液體和雙金屬膨脹式溫度計(jì)。mprove,se curityprev entionca pacity obvi ously e nhanced,securityhidden a

52、nd security accide nt obviouslyreduce d,effective guara ntees informati on healthdevelopment.XXE ducation Centrereg ularlycarry out day -to-daynetworkse curity monitori ng informationand equipment.By t he appropr iatetechni calstaff,XX network e ngine room mainte nancestaffonsite managementand mai n

53、tena nceon areg ularba sis,sche dule dviewi ng of netw orks,systems,databases a nd associatede qui pmentoperating conditi ons, andmakea record.Computerla b mainte nance manager sregularlyrun av arietyofdevice sin the schoolinformationsystem parameters,server systemsa nd vari ous data ba ckup, so t h

54、attherewa s ahar dwarefailurei n asystem crash ca nresume quciklyand efficientl y.Computer l ab mainte nancemanager sestabli sh anetworka ntivirus system, AviraV irus systemona reg ularbasi s,and anti -virussoftware se curitya ssessment,timeto upgrade. Com puterla bmaintenance managementforall equi

55、pmentin t he rooma reg ulardust,replaand Ci scoproducts.Intheir . _i,il. 一 _and soluti ons through ameeting,without rollitfhoergeo-loedsatrenlidailyw ork,to publ icizerelatece theold la bel.ng up theaRegularly host servers, netwdknowle dgeand information se cptifriecsbaeiltiintot,yni,tnoretsqoulvireehemproenpten obslepmasc,eaonfsdpsfucebelidhboaolcrcurity considerati-.L L IIorkswitches, coreroutingcktosuperiorsions.n writing departmentEnhanced gl obal awstoreso