新概念1冊119課-過去完成時

1、A true storyLesson 119Key wordsexpressionsvstory n. 故事故事vhappen v. 發(fā)生發(fā)生vthief n. 賊賊 venter v. 進(jìn)入進(jìn)入vdark adj. 黑暗的黑暗的vtorch n. 手電筒手電筒vvoice n. (說話的說話的)聲音聲音vparrot n. 鸚鵡鸚鵡vexercise book n. 練習(xí)本練習(xí)本Key wordsexpressionsv1. story n.v故事故事 a ghost story tell storiesv謊話謊話 Dont tell stories!vto make a long stor

2、y short長話短說長話短說Key wordsexpressionsv2. happen v1） v. 發(fā)生發(fā)生 vWhat happened?vA strange thing happened to a friend of mine a year ago. 一年之前，一件希奇的事發(fā)生在我的一年之前，一件希奇的事發(fā)生在我的一位朋友身上。一位朋友身上。v2） v. 碰巧，恰好（碰巧，恰好（to）vI happened to meet her on my way home. 在回家的路上，我碰巧遇見了她。在回家的路上，我碰巧遇見了她。vI happen to know that professo

3、r. 我正好熟悉那位教授。我正好熟悉那位教授。Key wordsexpressionsv3. thief n.賊賊 復(fù)數(shù)：復(fù)數(shù)：thievesvA World without ThievesKey wordsexpressionsv5. enter v.v進(jìn)入進(jìn)入,穿入穿入 enter the roomv他們進(jìn)入了房子后，就去了餐廳。他們進(jìn)入了房子后，就去了餐廳。 After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room.v參加，加入?yún)⒓樱尤?enter the PartyvFour students from our

4、university entered the final contest. 我們大學(xué)的我們大學(xué)的4名學(xué)生進(jìn)入了競賽的決賽。名學(xué)生進(jìn)入了競賽的決賽。v輸入輸入 enter into the computerenter for 報名參加報名參加Our team has entered for the competition. 我們隊已報名參加比賽我們隊已報名參加比賽. （入黨入黨）Key wordsexpressionsv5. darkvadj. 黑暗的黑暗的 too darkv 深色的深色的 dark bluev 陰暗的陰暗的 dark future- bright futurevn. 黃昏，黑

5、夜黃昏，黑夜 at dark in the dark天黑時天黑時在暗處在暗處lightKey wordsexpressionsv6. torch n.v手電筒手電筒 turn on/ off the torchv火炬火炬 light the torchKey wordsexpressionsv7. voice n.v聲音聲音 in an angry voicev意見意見 speak out my voicevlose ones voice 失音失音 raise ones voice嗓子變啞嗓子變啞提高嗓門提高嗓門dropKey wordsexpressionsv8. parrot n. 鸚鵡鸚

6、鵡Language pointsv1、Do you like stories? 這里這里stories泛指故事這一類東西。泛指故事這一類東西。v2、I want to tell you a true story. want to do sth. 想要做某事。想要做某事。 tell a story 講故事。講故事。 true 真實可信的真實可信的 &真正存在的真正存在的 real T (True)or F(false)Language pointsv3、It happened to a friend of mine a year ago. happen to sb./sth. 發(fā)生在某人

7、身上發(fā)生在某人身上/某物上（通常某物上（通常是不好的事）是不好的事） What happened to your car?v雙重所有格雙重所有格：a friend of mine = my friend； a friend of my fathers = my fathers friend a friend of mine相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于one of my friends,但前者但前者比后者顯得更為親切。比后者顯得更為親切。Language pointsv4、While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into

8、his kitchen. George, 同位語同位語，補充說明，補充說明my friend。 climb into 爬進(jìn)。爬進(jìn)。v5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. =They had entered the house before they went into the dining room. 強調(diào)兩個動作的前后順序時，較早的動作要用強調(diào)兩個動作的前后順序時，較早的動作要用過去完過去完成時成時。 及物動詞及物動詞 enter = 不及物動詞不及物動詞 go intoLanguage poi

9、ntsv5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room.vAfter they had entered the house是時間狀語從是時間狀語從句，句，had entered是過去完成時結(jié)構(gòu)。在以是過去完成時結(jié)構(gòu)。在以after引引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時或過去完成時導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時或過去完成時沒有多少區(qū)別。假如強調(diào)從句的謂語動作在主句的沒有多少區(qū)別。假如強調(diào)從句的謂語動作在主句的謂語動作之前完成，就用過去完成時。謂語動作之前完成，就用過去完成時。 Language pointsv6

10、、It was very dark, so they turned on a torch. = They turned on a torch because it was very dark. 連詞連詞so，所以、因此，表示結(jié)果。，所以、因此，表示結(jié)果。 turn on,打開，擰開（電視、水源、煤氣等）。其反打開，擰開（電視、水源、煤氣等）。其反義詞為義詞為turn off(關(guān)上關(guān)上)。7、Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them. hear 強調(diào)結(jié)果。注意不規(guī)則變化強調(diào)結(jié)果。注意不規(guī)則變化hear-heard- heard。 voice 說話的聲音說話

11、的聲音 & sound 聲響聲響 & noise 噪音噪音 & music 音樂音樂Language pointsv8、Whats up? 【口語口語】 = Whats wrong? = Whats the matter? 【寒暄寒暄】Whats up, man? 詢問對方最近過得如何。詢問對方最近過得如何。v9、Someone called. 【回顧回顧Lesson 115】復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞。v10、The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could. drop 扔掉；扔掉；r

12、un away 逃跑；逃跑； as.as sb. can/could/possible 盡可能盡可能地地(第一個第一個as是副詞，是副詞，修飾修飾quickly,第二個第二個as是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。) 例句：例句：Run as fast as you can（后省略（后省略run）! Please write to me as soon as possible.Language pointsv14、But Georges parrot, Henry, was still there. 名詞所有格名詞所有格s；同位語同位語；still 仍然。仍然。v15、Noth

13、ing, Henry, George said and smiled. Go back to sleep. go back to do sth. 回去繼續(xù)做某事?；厝ダ^續(xù)做某事。 例如：例如：go back to work go back to some place 回到某地?；氐侥车?。 例如：例如：go back to ones hometownLanguage pointsv11、George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly. 下樓，樓下下樓，樓下 downstairs upstairs 上樓，樓上上樓，樓上v12、He turned

14、 on the light, but he couldnt see anyone. turn on 打開打開 關(guān)上關(guān)上 turn off； 復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞 anyone 任何人任何人v13、The thieves had already gone. 過去完成時。過去完成時。 had gone = had left = had run away（上文）（上文）Past Perfect TensePast Perfect Tense過去完成時一、一、過去完成時過去完成時二、二、過去完成時過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較三、三、過去完成時過去完成時與一般過去時的比較與一般過去

15、時的比較Grammar in use一、過去完成時一、過去完成時1.意義：表示一個動作在過去某一個動作或意義：表示一個動作在過去某一個動作或過去某一時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。過去某一時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。（即（即動作發(fā)生在動作發(fā)生在過去的過去過去的過去）2.形式形式 1）肯定式：）肯定式： 2）否定式：）否定式： 3）疑問式）疑問式：主語主語+had+ 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞主語主語+had not +動詞的過去分動詞的過去分詞詞Had +主語主語+動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞1. cleaned the blackboard2. closed the window nowhad cle

16、aned the blackboardclosed the windowShe had cleaned the blackboard before she closed the window.After she had cleaned the blackboard , she closed the window.drank waterhad run out of breath1. ran out of breath2. drank waterHe had run out of breath before he drank water.After he had run out of breath

17、, he drank water. now1. ate an apple2. slept nowhad eaten an applesleptShe had eaten an apple before she slept.After she had eaten an apple , she slept. 2. played ping pong1. did his homework now played ping ponghad done his homeworkHe had done his homework before he played ping pong.After he had do

18、ne his homework , he played Ping pong.1.We had not finished it when he came back.2.Had you finished the work when he came back?。1. We had finished it when he came back.他回來時我們完成了。他回來時我們完成了。2. We had not finished it when he came back.他回來時我們還沒有完成他回來時我們還沒有完成3.Had you finished the work when he came back?

19、他回來時你們工作完成了嗎？他回來時你們工作完成了嗎？動詞原形變?yōu)檫^去時/過去分詞：構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成規(guī)則動詞原形動詞原形動詞過去式動詞過去式/過去分詞過去分詞一般在動詞原形末尾加一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed lookplayworklookedplayedworked結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是e的動詞在末尾的動詞在末尾加加-dlikelivelikedlived末尾只有一個輔音字母末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加這個輔音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母y”的動詞，先變的動詞，先變“y”為為“

20、i”再加再加-edstudyworrycrystudiedworriedcried二、過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較二、過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的比較 過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的時間出過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的時間出發(fā)點不同。過去完成時以過去某個發(fā)點不同。過去完成時以過去某個時間為基點，而現(xiàn)在完成時以現(xiàn)在時間為基點，而現(xiàn)在完成時以現(xiàn)在作為時間的基點。因此，過去完成作為時間的基點。因此，過去完成時是現(xiàn)在完成時的過去時。時是現(xiàn)在完成時的過去時。Tom is not hungry. He has just had breakfast.Tom was not hungry, He had just had b

21、reakfast.例句比較：例句比較：(現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時)(過去完成時過去完成時)三、過去完成時與一般過去時的比較三、過去完成時與一般過去時的比較 一般過去時表示在一般過去時表示在過去過去某個時間某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；而過去完成時表示在狀態(tài)；而過去完成時表示在過過去某一時間之前去某一時間之前完成的動作。完成的動作。1.We got to the station at 8:00, but the train had left.我們八點到達(dá)車站，但火車已開走我們八點到達(dá)車站，但火車已開走了。了。2. We got to the station at 8:00, bu

22、t the train left at 7:30.我們八點到達(dá)車站，但火車七點半我們八點到達(dá)車站，但火車七點半就開走了。就開走了。3. When I arrived home, My parents had had dinner.我到家時，我父母已吃過飯了。我到家時，我父母已吃過飯了。4. When I arrived home, we had dinner together.我一到家，我們就一起吃飯。我一到家，我們就一起吃飯。v過去完成時：過去完成時： v構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成： 主語主語+had +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞v過去完成時主要用于表示過去完成時主要用于表示兩個事件中一個發(fā)生在前兩個事件中一個發(fā)生在前，或者說是表示或者說是表示較早的過去較早的過去。when、after 、before等也常與過去完成時連用，以強調(diào)事件發(fā)生的等也常與過去完成時連用，以強調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次先后次序序。valready(已經(jīng)已經(jīng)),ever（曾經(jīng)）（曾經(jīng)）, for+表示時間段的詞，表示時間段的詞，jus