全國(guó)高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)試題

1、全國(guó) 2007年 10 月高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)試題課程代碼：00830I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decidewhich one of the four choices best completes the statement and putthe letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. (2%x 10=20%)1. Design features refer to the defining propertiesdistinguish it from a

2、ny system of communication.A. artificialB. non-linguisticC. animalD. abstract2. If you put a finger in each ear and say“z -z-z-z-vibrations of the .of humanlanguage thatz” , you can feel theA. glottisC. larynx3. In the word suitableA. derivationalC. rootB. windpipeD. vocal cords- able ” is a B. infl

3、ectionalD. stemmorpheme.4. is a subfield of linguistics that studies the sentencestructure of language,i.e. how words are arranged in a sentence and in what order.A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. PhonologyD. Semantics5. Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules calledA. selectional

4、restrictionsB. grammatical rulesC. phrase structure rulesD. phonological rules6. If a sentence is regarded as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes a(n) .A. clauseB. speechC. utteranceD. predication7.The discovery of Indo-European began with the work of , whodelivered

5、 an important paper in 1786 in which he suggested that Sanskrit bore a stronger affinity to Greek and Latin.A. the British scholar Sir William JonesB. the German linguist FranzBoppC. the Danish scholar Rasmus Rask D. the German scholar Jacob Grimm8.The important characteristic of a speech community

6、is that the membersof the group must,in some reasonable way, interact with other members ofthe community.A. geographicallyB. linguisticallyC. sociallyD. psycholinguistically9. Th e view that human brain is the source of humanlanguage and cognition goes back .A. less than 1000 yearsB. over 2000 years

7、C. less than 2000 yearsD. over 3000 years10. Language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the system of language.B. semanticA. phonologicalC. grammaticalD. communicative11. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already g

8、iven as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1% x 10=10%)11. L isgenerally known as the scientificand systematicstudy oflanguage.12. Speech sounds can be described in physical or a terms.Physically, sounds aretransmitted through the

9、 air from one person to another.13. The morphemes that are independent units of meaning and can be usedfreely all by themselves are called f morphemes.14. A simple sentence consists of a single c which contains a subject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence.15. C analysis is based up

10、on the belief that the meaning of a wordcan be divided into meaning components.16. According to Searle, s actsfall into five general categories,i.e., there are fivegeneral types of things we do with language.17. In historical linguistics, language change refers to the study of thed processes ofchang

11、e in language elements and language systems.18. Dialectal diversity develops when people are separated from each otherg andsocially. The changes that occur in the language spoken in one area orgroup do not necessarily spread to another.19. Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily

12、in the 1_hemisphere of the brain.20. For the vast majority of children, language development occurs spontaneously and requireslittle conscious i on the part of adults.111. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in

13、frontof each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%x 10=20%)21. () Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for humancommunication.22. () We use dark at the end of a word after a vowel or beforea consonant, such a

14、s feel fi:- and little l 心力，and clear 1 beforea vowel, such as loaf lu f.From the phonological point of view, dark- and clear 1 are the two different sounds.23. () Theoretically speaking, a compound can be a combination of two words of any parts of speech.24. () The level of syntactic representation

15、 before the operation ofnecessary movement is what we call deep structure.25. () Sense and reference are of the same thing in meaning study.26. () Paul Grice thought that in making conversation, theparticipants must first of all be willing to cooperate.27. () The word knight once meant “ youth ” , b

16、ut was elevated inmeaning in time for the age of chivalry. This is an example of semantic broadening.28. () In medieval times, a trade language came into use in theMediterranean ports. It consisted of Italian mixed with French, Spanish, Greek, Arabic, and Turkish, and it was called Lingua Franca, “

17、Frankish language. ” The term lingua franca was generalized to other languages similarly used. Thus, any language can be a lingua franca.29. () Aristotle suggested that thought was the soul s discourse withitself.30. () Some languages are more challenging to acquire as a firstlanguage.IV .Directions

18、: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.(3%X 10=30%)31.ducrivity33.fricative 34.affix35.recursiveness36 .the naming theory37 .complementary antonyms38 .conversational implicature39.language planning40.psycholinguisticsV.Answer the following questions.。x 2=20%)41 Explain the Great