高考英語語法專題講解主謂一致

1、高考英語語法專題講解-主謂一致著重講解混搭情況，均遵守以下原則:1. 意義一致原則主語后跟有以下引起的短語：謂語動詞仍與短語前的主語的形式保持一致。1.1 (together) with: Alice (together) with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.1.2 except/but: Every picture except/ but these two has been sold. Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.1.3 no less th

2、an: His sister, no less than you, is wrong.1.4 rather than: The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.1.5 perhaps : Peter, perhaps John, is playing with the little dog.1.6 like: He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.1.7 including/ besides/ as well as2. 就近原則 2.1 主語由以下

3、連詞連接：謂語動詞與后一個主語一致:(Either)or: Either you or I am going to the movies. Neithernor Whetheror Not onlybut (also) Notbut2.2 there be 句型: be 動詞與后面第一個名詞一致 E.g. There is an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. 2.3副詞here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, such連接的全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中：謂語動詞由動詞后面的主語決定

4、On the wall hang two maps. 墻上掛著兩張地圖。On the wall hangs a world of map. 墻上掛著一張世界地圖。Such is the result. 結(jié)果就是這樣。Such are the results. 這就是結(jié)果3. 整體原則3.1 并列主語如果指的是同一個人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，and后面的名詞沒有冠詞：The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow. （一個人）The writer and the worker are coming to our sch

5、ool tomorrow. （兩個人）Bread and butter is their daily food. 3.2表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語作為一個整體看待時(shí)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式：E.g. Three years is not a long time. Ten dollars is what he needs. Five hundred miles is a long distance.3.3復(fù)數(shù)形式的專有名詞作為整體看待（人名、地點(diǎn)、國家、組織、書籍、報(bào)刊等），動詞用單數(shù)形式：E.g. The United Nations has passed a resolut

6、ion(決議)。 “The Arabian Nights”（天方夜譚）is an interesting book.3.4集合名詞people, police ,cattle作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式：E.g. The police are searching for him. The cattle are grassing (吃草)。4. 謂單原則4.1 and連接的并列單數(shù)名詞前如有each, every, no修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。E.g. Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.No teacher and no stu

7、dent is absent today. 4.2 用many a, more than one 修飾名詞時(shí)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 E.g. More than one person has made the suggestion.  Many a student is busy with their lessons.4.3 Each, Either, One, Another, The other, Neither作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：E.g. Each takes a cup of tea. Either is correct.4.4 由every, some, any

8、, no構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：E.g. Nothing is to be done. 4.5 means, politics, physics, plastics作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.5. 具體情況原則5.1 all, few, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主語時(shí)，既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，也可表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定： All of the apple is rotten. 整個蘋果都爛了。 不可數(shù)-> 謂單 All of the apples are rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。

9、可數(shù)-> 謂復(fù) Most of the wood was used to make furniture. 不可數(shù)-> 謂單 Most of the people are from England. 可數(shù)-> 謂復(fù)5.2 the + 形容詞（或分詞）作主語時(shí)，常指一類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如指的是抽象概念，謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式： E.g. The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 5.3 population當(dāng)人口講時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)人們講時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)： The population of China

10、is larger than that of Japan. One third of the population here are workers.5.4 the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，是表示“的數(shù)字”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；a (large / great) number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示許多，作主語時(shí)；謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式: The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year. A number of students have gone for an outing. 5.

11、5 有些集體名詞如family, team, group, class, audience, government等作主語時(shí)，如看作是一個整體，謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式；如強(qiáng)調(diào)各個成員時(shí)，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式： My family is going to have a long journey. My family are fond of music. The class has won the honour. The class were jumping for joy. 6. 先行詞原則關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。 He

12、 is one of my friends who are working hard. 先行詞He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.先行詞【主謂一致專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】1. No one except Jack and Tom the answer.AknowBknowsCis knowing Dare known2. of the moneyused up.AThree-five, are BThree-fifths, have beenCThree-fifths, has beenDThird-fifths, is3. The nu

13、mber of the people whocarsincreasing.Aowns, areBowns, isCown, isDown, are4. Some personcalling for you at the gate.Aare BisCis beingDwill be5. Your new clothes fit you, but mineme.Adoesnt fit Bdont fitCdoesnt fit for Ddont fit for6. Between the two buildingsa monument.AstandBstandsCstandingDis stand

14、ing7. On each side of the streeta lot of trees.AstandsBgrowCis standing Dare grown8. I, whoyour good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.AamBisCareDwas9. Deerfaster than dogs.ArunBrunsCare runningDwill run10. Therea knife and fork on the table.Aseems to beBseem to beCis seeming to be Dare11. A p

15、rofessor and a writerpresent at the meeting.AwasBisCwereDhad been12. More than one answerto the question.Ahave been givenBhas been given Cwere givenDhad given13. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students whofrom the countryside in our school.Aare BisCwereDwas14. Very fewhis address in the town.AknowsBknowCare knowingDhas known15. Seventy percent of the students in our schoolfrom the countryside.AisBareCcomesDare coming16. All that can be eateneaten up.Aare beingBhas be