(精校版)動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞

1、編輯整理:尊敬的讀者朋友們：這里是精品文檔編輯中心，本文檔內(nèi)容是由我和我的同事精心編輯整理后發(fā)布的，發(fā)布之前我們對(duì)文中內(nèi)容進(jìn)行仔細(xì)校對(duì)，但是難免會(huì)有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（完整word版,動(dòng)詞不定式和 分詞）的內(nèi)容能夠給您的工作和學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)便利。同時(shí)也真誠(chéng)的希望收到您的建議和反饋，這將是我 們進(jìn)步的源泉，前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力。本文可編輯可修改,如果覺(jué)得對(duì)您有幫助請(qǐng)收藏以便隨時(shí)查閱,最后祝您生活愉快業(yè)績(jī)進(jìn)步,以 下為完整word版，動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞的全部?jī)?nèi)容。2不定式在句子中可做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ).1)不定式做主語(yǔ)一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。To comp Iete the 30 stor

2、ied bu iId i ng in one year was quite a difficuIt task。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面.It is important for modern young peopIe to master at least two foreign languages It做形式主語(yǔ)，不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：a)It is +形容詞(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong。)+ (for/of

3、sb)+不定式11 is not easy to catch fish with your hands only。It is important for us young peopIe to learn EngIi sh and master it。b)It is +名詞(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, ones duty) +不定式It is a pity to have to go without heroc) It takes (sb。 )some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patien

4、ce。)+不定式11 takes me three hours to learn EngI ish each day。11 took them ha If the night to get home in the snow。2)不定式作表語(yǔ)不定式作表語(yǔ)常表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作， 主語(yǔ)常常是表示意向、 打算、 計(jì)劃的詞， 如wish,idea, task, purpose, duty, job等The most important thing for one，s heaI th i s to have pienty of exercise。What I wanted was to get the wor

5、k done as quickly as possible。3)不定式作賓語(yǔ)不定式常在下列動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)：afford, agree.rask, beg in,care, choose, des i gn decide, expect, fail, hope, , hateF,3I earn, like, manage, mea n, offer, plan, prepare, want等。I I i ke to go out for waIks i n the warm sunsh ine i n spr i ng.The room i s designed to be my stu dy,

6、 but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the chi ldrenoThere is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means() troubleo(CET-4 1997,1)A) mak i ng B) to make C) to have made D) shav i ng mademean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根據(jù)句意，他看起來(lái)非常生氣,他想找麻煩， 不定式的動(dòng)作還沒(méi)有實(shí)施，應(yīng)用一般式，因此答案為B。不定式作賓語(yǔ)還常用在下面結(jié)構(gòu)

7、中； 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+it +形容詞+不定式.We fou nd it impossible to get every thing ready in ti me。I think it impor tant to I ear n EngIi sh we I I in collegeo使用這種句型的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：believe, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, rsuppose, think,等.4)wh word +不定式” 結(jié)構(gòu)不定式前力口一個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑問(wèn)副詞(where, when, how, w

8、hy),以及連詞whether構(gòu)成特殊的不定式短語(yǔ)，其作用When to start the program rema ins undecidedo The quest ion i s how to put the pI an into pract ice.5）不定式作狀語(yǔ)a）不定式作狀語(yǔ)表示目的或用于so as和in order之后，來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)這種目的。To I earn a fore i gn Ianguage well, you must make pa i nstaking efforts.b）不定式表示結(jié)果,牛寺另lj是在so.。 as to, such。 as to, only to.

9、。 以及too.to等結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式表示結(jié)果。I rushed to the station as fast as I could, on Iy to find the tra i n a I ready gone.c）不定式常用來(lái)修飾形容詞，構(gòu)成下列詞組:be able to, be afraid to, , be ready to, be sure to.等。4It is I ikeIy to rain today, for it is very cloudy.6）不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)不定式常跟在下列動(dòng)詞之后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ):ask, advise, , expect, feel, f ind, h

10、ear,have, . invite, letFmake, mean, notice, order, p teI I, watch, warn, watch等。He asked you to caI I him at ten oclock。當(dāng)不定式在let, make, have, hear, look a t. I is ten to, feel, wat ch, noti ce, perceive（感覺(jué)到）等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式不帶to.Whenever someth ing i s wrong with you, pI ease do Iet me know。I wi I I h

11、ave the students wr ite a passage about InternetoIt seemed so Iong before he heard the stone hit the water.7）不定式作主補(bǔ)帶有賓語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)， 賓補(bǔ)則變?yōu)橹餮a(bǔ)。加主補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞主要有：.believe, know, report, say, suppose等。Mr. Brown is said to have Ieft for Italy last weeko （It i s said that Mr. Brown left for Ita Iy

12、 lastweek.）8）不定式作定語(yǔ)a）不定式作定語(yǔ)通常要放在其所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。不定式常作下列的名詞定語(yǔ)anything, chance, decision, need, plan, r ight, time, way等。There i s no need to bother him with such tr if les She i s a very nice person to work with.b）由only, last, next,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ).Mr o Zha ng i s a I ways the f i rs t man to arr

13、ive at the office and the las t man to leave。I don1t think he i s the best one to do the work.9）不帶to的不定式在下列詞組后面的不定式不帶to： wouId rather .。than（寧愿.也不），had better.o（最好）、cant help but。（不得不）.had5rathero。（寧愿），cannot but。o.（不得不，必然）,may/mi ght as well.。（不妨）,let alone（更不用說(shuō)）。Youd bet ter retur n the books to t

14、he I i brary on time Ot herwi seFyou wi I I be fined。I car? t he Ip but wi sh that noth i ng wouId go wrong They had never seen such delicious food, let alone eat it。動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一ing形式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式.由動(dòng)詞原形加-ing構(gòu)成,可以在句子中用作主 泳表泳賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。See ing i s be I ieving.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Coming to Hangzhou by train take

15、s about 16 hours0乘火車(chē)到杭州要16個(gè)小時(shí)。It s nice talking with you。和你談話很高興。作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一ing可用來(lái)作表語(yǔ).如:My favor ite sport is swimming。The i r job i s cIeaning the wi ndowo作賓語(yǔ)1。動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以用作動(dòng)詞、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞的賓語(yǔ)。Jim disIikes eating chocolateo2。有些動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后接作賓語(yǔ)的非限定性動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能是一ing分詞,常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有:advise, dislike, enjoy, excuse, finish, face,

16、 give up, imagine, mention, min* mi ss, pardon,practise, resent, resist, suggesunderstand等。6The doctor adv i sed tak i ng more exerc i se.3o大部分“動(dòng)詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,只能后接動(dòng)詞一ing作賓語(yǔ)。 這些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：think of, giveup, put off, be good atFdo we I I in, can t help, keep on, leave off, fee I I ike, be tired (afraid)of,等.以下為

17、to作介詞的短語(yǔ)有：be used to, look forward to, see to, get to, prefer to,Do you fee I I i ke hav ing a dr i nk?I prefer sw i mm i ng to pI ay ing basketball。4有些動(dòng)詞既可能帶一ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可以帶to不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但在語(yǔ)義上卻有很大的 差別。如：(1 Jchance to do碰巧去做某事chance doing冒險(xiǎn)試一試做某事forget to do忘記要去做某事forget doing忘記曾做過(guò)某事go on to do接著又做另一件事go o

18、n doing繼續(xù)做同一件事remember to do記得要去做某事remember doing記得曾做過(guò)某事stop to do停下來(lái)去做某事stop doing停止做某事try to do努力做某事try doing試一試做某事(7)regret to do對(duì)將要做的事表示遺憾regret doing對(duì)做過(guò)的事表示遺憾7mean to do打算/想做某事mean doing意味著/意思是做某事作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)I found the parade quite interesting to watch.這種用法通常用在下列幾類動(dòng)詞中，后接賓語(yǔ)然后加上-ing分詞，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，-ing分詞充當(dāng)

19、賓補(bǔ)成分。1。表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,女口 ：see, hear, fee I, find, sme I I, watch, find, I i stento, look at, notice,等.如：There we found him watching TV.I heard someone knock i ng at the door2o在有些動(dòng)詞（女口：describe, accept, think of,等）之后，可由as引岀一ing分詞詞組作賓補(bǔ)。如：They descr ibed the child as be i ng very clever.他們描述這孩子非常聰明。3o使役動(dòng)

20、詞，如：set, keep, have, get, leave, catch等。如：Can you get my watch going again?你能使我的表再走起來(lái)嗎？This sets me thinking.這使我思考。作狀語(yǔ) ing分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示在進(jìn)行一動(dòng)作的同時(shí)所進(jìn)行的另一動(dòng)作，它對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞起修飾和陪襯 的作用。分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步 結(jié)果、方式或伴隨情況。Having cleaned the rooms, we began to weed the garden。（時(shí)間）Coming into the room, she saw everybody a I re

21、ady at the i r work.（時(shí)間）Being ill, he cou Idn t go to schoolo（原因）Working di I igently, you wi I I certainly succeed （條件）8Granting the ach i evements to be great, there i s still something to be des i red （讓步）（盡管）成績(jī)是巨大的，（但）仍有一些要求改進(jìn)的東西.My car was caugh t in a t raff ic jam, thus caus i ng the de I a y.（結(jié)果）Trav