中考英語-定語從句講解

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載定語從句請看下面的句子：I want to know the boy who is the tallest.句子做定語修飾boy（一）概念：定語從句：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子，叫定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。（二）定語從句的分類I、限定性定語從句：從句不可少，沒有它，先行詞的意思不明確，主句也不完整。與先行詞之間不用逗號。e.g:This is the book that/which I want.n、非限定性定語從句： 是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，沒有它不會影響先行詞或主句意思的完整性。從句一般用逗號同主句分開。e.g:Mr.

2、 Green,who is watching TV,is my uncle.（三）（限定性）定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)Mary is a girl who has long hair.關(guān)系代詞which, who, whom,whose, that關(guān)系副詞where, when, why（四）定語從句的實質(zhì)：二句合一（合并條件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Mary is a girl .合并為一個句子She has long hair.思路：留（保留先行詞）-舍（舍去與先行詞互指的詞）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.請把下列句子二句合一LIsawthenum

3、.Heclosedthe door2.The girl is happy. She won the race先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句-替（用關(guān)系詞代替舍去部分）學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載3. Hie man called the police. llis wailel was stolen學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載（五）定語從句關(guān)系詞的確定a.先行詞的分類b.先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?.先行詞 做狀語：when, where, whywho, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別.who /that作定語從句的主語或賓語The man who/that is speak ing at the meet ing

4、is a worker.做題思路：先分解 一一分析一一再合并The man is a worker.The man is speak ing at the meet ing.作主語Whom /that作定語從句的賓語The woma n(whom/that) they wan ted to visit is a teacher. The woma n is a teacher.They wan ted to visit the woman 作賓語 注意：關(guān)系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.whose作定語從句的定語I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解

5、I know the girl.who/thatwhich/that分解分解1.先行詞做主語f 物:2.先行詞做賓語who/whom/thatwhich/that3.先行詞做定語whosewhose/of學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載The girls mother is a teacher.1作定語小結(jié)：關(guān)系詞判斷步驟首先，要辨別出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人，關(guān)系詞可能就用who, that whom, whose。如果先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞可能用which或that然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞主語賓語定語人who, thatwho(m), thatwhose物which, thatwhic

6、h,thatwhose, of which鞏固練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)代關(guān)系詞填空1.1 have a friend_ likes liste ning to classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was weari ng the new dress_ I gave her.3. The man_ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.(六) 只能用that,不能用which的情況：(1)先行詞為all, everything，anything，nothing, something, nothing ,few,

7、little, much, the one等不定代詞時；(2)先行詞被形容詞最高級所修飾或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, oneof等修飾時：(3)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞(含last )修飾時。(4)先行詞是并列詞組既有人又有物時。(5)在以who, which開頭的句子中為了避免重復(fù)?？谠E：不定代詞這一伙，全用that準(zhǔn)沒錯先行詞前有修飾，千萬不能用which.請在以下例句中體會以上規(guī)則：1. Here is someth ing that I will tell you.2. We havent got

8、much that we can offer you.3. Is it the one that you want ?4. This is the most in teresti ng story that I have ever heard.5. I can remember well the pers ons and some pictures that I see.6. Which is the bike that you lost?7. Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?(七)只能使用which的情況1.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時

9、；2.先行詞本身是that時；3.非限定定語從句口訣:要有which別著急，學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載介詞提前逗隔離。e.g:1.Thisis the classroom in which we studied for two year.2.She has two dolls,which are from her parents單項選擇：1. This is the bag_my mother bought yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. this2. The girl_ you saw in the street is Mary.A. thatB. whoseC. w

10、hichD. as3. Is this the factory_ a lot of stude nts visited yesterday?A. the one B. which C. who D. whom 4.Is this factorya lot of stude nts visited ?A. the one B. which C. who D. who5. The only Ianguage_is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A. which B. that C. / D. it6. The girl han ded everyth ing

11、_ she had picked up in the street to the police.A. which B. i n which C. that D. all7._clea ns the blackboard should be praised.A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The stude nts who1當(dāng)關(guān)系詞作定語從句的主語時，從句謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一 致。2若句中無先行詞，先補(bǔ)出先行詞再判斷用法。（4,7題）完成下列句子：1.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生._ who saved the boys lifeThis is

12、 the doctor2.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔._who is runningThe man_ is my uncle.3.我看見一位錢包丟失了的婦女。I saw a woma n_whose bag was stole n /whose bag was lost.4.住在隔壁的那個小伙的是教師.The young man_ is a teacher._ who lives n ext door注意：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句影響。【定語從句中考真題演練】1、There are lots of things_ I need to prepare before the trip.（河北省卷）A

13、. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose2、Jim dislikes people_talk much but never do anything.（吉林省通化市）A.whomB.whe nC.whoseD.who3、 一I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday.（江蘇省南京市）學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載-Oh,how n ice!Do you know whe n he_?A.leftB.was leavi ngC.has leftD.had left4、We are trying to help those children_los

14、t their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province.（浙江省衢州市）A. whichB. whe nC. whoD. whose5、Do you know the girl_is singing in the classroom?（湖南長沙）A.whoB.whichC.whe n6、 一The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.（江蘇省揚(yáng)州市）-Yes.They are helpi ng the people_ are sufferi ng from the earthquake.A.whichB.whatC

15、./D.who7、Have you found the answer to the question_ I asked you this morning?（四川省成都市）A.whe nB.whatC.that8、Friends are those_ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you tosucceed.（河南?。〢 whichB whatC whomD who9、I began to work in Shanghai in the year_ HongKong was returned to Chi

16、na.（湖北省十堰市）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whe n10、This is the school_I studied three years ago.（山東省荷澤市）A. whereB. whe nC. thatD. which11、一What do you usually do in your leisure time?（黑龍江省哈爾濱市）I enjoy readi ng in the library_ I lose myself in a world of good books.A. whichB. thatC. where12、 一The village_ I visited last year has changed a lot.（福建省福州市）-Really?I hope to go there on day.A.thatB.whoC.whe n13、This is my