外研版高中英語必修2培優(yōu)練習(xí)Unit1FoodforthoughtPeriodⅡ

1、Period n Using languageGrammar &Vocabulary-19 -Grammar （情態(tài)動詞一）思維甘圖課前自主預(yù)習(xí)觀察句子，總結(jié)規(guī)律 .I was able_to hold a knife and for and chopsticks! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! .

2、wed_better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, .You neednt try it if you dont want to, Mum said, .我的發(fā)現(xiàn)以上五個句子都使用了情態(tài)動詞。（1）句中的be able to意為（2）句中的dare意為（3）句中的have to意為（4）句中的d better為的縮寫，意為 “（5）句中的need意為答案：（1）能夠（2）膽敢，敢于 （3）不得不 （4）had better；最好 （5）需要精講課時語法一、be

3、able to 的用法be able to意為“能夠，有能力”，不僅有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，而且還可 以與某些系動詞或情態(tài)動詞連用（通常不與can連用），甚至還可以有非謂語形式。He hasnt been able_to get in touch with her.他一直未能和她聯(lián)系上。You might be able_to persuade him.你也許能夠說服他。I hope to_be_abje_to do the work.我希望能干得了這項(xiàng)工作。I regret not_being_able_to help her.我很遺憾未能幫助她。易混辨析 can和be able to都可以

4、表示能力，前者泛指一般的能力，只有兩 種形式，即can, could；后者表示通過努力可以具備具體做到某件事的能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn) 某種狀態(tài)，重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要有一個努力的過程。如：I can drive a car.我會開車）I will_be_able_to drive the car in a week.（隱含著我努力一周后就有能力學(xué)會開 車的意思）、dare的用法 dare既可作情態(tài)動詞，也可作實(shí)義動詞。1. dare作情態(tài)動詞時，表示“敢，敢于，后跟動詞原形，常用于疑問句、 否定句和條件句中。此時的dare沒有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成否定和 疑問。例如：Dare you climb tha

5、t tree?你敢爬那棵樹嗎？He darent go there because it is very dangerous.他不敢去那兒，因?yàn)槟莾汉芪ｋU。2. dare用作實(shí)義動詞時，有時態(tài)和人稱的變化，用 do, does或did來構(gòu)成否 定句或疑問句。She didnt dare to say a word, did she?她一句話也沒敢說，是嗎？三、have to的用法have to意為“不得不”，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為 dont/doesnt/didnt have toIts too late. I have_to go home now.天色太晚了，我現(xiàn)在得回家了。

6、You dont_have_to finish the work now.你現(xiàn)在沒有必要完成這項(xiàng)工作。易混辨析 have to和must的區(qū)別have to表示一種客觀的需要，而 must表示一種主觀的需要。止匕外，must還表 示“偏要” “非得”的意思。I have_to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不參加一個重要的會議。I must clean the room because its dirty.我必須打掃一下房間，因?yàn)樘K了。四、had better的用法had better意為“最好”，后跟動詞原形，常用來提出

7、建議，或表示迫切地希 望、警告等，語氣較強(qiáng)。其中動詞 had沒有人稱或數(shù)的變化。had better的簡略式 為d better,否定式為 had better notShed_better get here soon or shell miss the opening ceremony.她最好快點(diǎn)到這兒來，否則她會錯過開幕式的。They had_better_not be late.他們最好不要遲到。五、need的用法1 .作情態(tài)動詞(1)need作情態(tài)動詞時，常用于疑問句、否定句或表示疑問的從句中，意為“需 要”。 Need I finish the work today?Yes, you

8、 must./No, you neednt.我需要今天干完這活嗎？是的，必須干完。/不用，你不必干完。(2)neednt意為“不必”，表示客觀上不必如何。So I neednt pretend, need I?因此我不必假裝，對吧？2 .作實(shí)義動詞need作實(shí)義動詞時，后可接名詞、動名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的 變化。The bike needs repairing.=The bike needs_to_be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。趁熱打鐵選詞并用適當(dāng)形式填空：be able to; dare; have to; had better; need1. She答案：dare

9、not go out alone at night.2. Its quite warm here so we 答案：neednot turn the heating on.3. You arrive early so that you will not miss anything.答案：had better4. He walk home yesterday because his car broke down.答案：had to5. Neither my wife nor I 答案：am able topersuade my daughter to change her mind now.6.

10、 Heplay the piano when he was 5 years old.答案：was able to/O2Vocabulary1related adj.后美系的，相關(guān)的(P5)歸納 拓展(1)be related to= be connected with 與有關(guān)系 /關(guān)聯(lián)(2)relate v.聯(lián)系,使后聯(lián)系 relate to涉及；與 相關(guān) relate . to .把 和聯(lián)系起來 Light industry is closely related to agriculture.輕工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)密切相關(guān)。The questionnaire relates_to our lifest

11、yle.這份問卷調(diào)查和我們的生活方式有關(guān)。 It is difficult to relate these results to any known cause.很難把這些結(jié)果和任何已知的原因聯(lián)系起來。Z即景活用(1)單句語法填空 This is an French word(relate) to music. We must relate what he says what he does.答案：related to(2)單句寫作未來，工資的增加將和績效相關(guān)。In the future, pay increases will productivity.他問了 一些和他的專業(yè)有關(guān)的問題。He

12、asked some questions his major.答案： be related to related to2diet n.日常飲食 vi.節(jié)食；按規(guī)定飲食(P5)歸納 拓展keep a balanced diet保持均衡的飲食 be on a diet節(jié)食(表狀態(tài))go on a diet節(jié)食(表動作) Everyone should keep a balanced diet for the benefit of health.為了健康，每個人都應(yīng)該保持平衡的膳食。 Have you been_on_a_diet? Youve lost a lot of weight.你最近在節(jié)食

13、嗎？你瘦了好多。 Ive been dieting ever since the birth of my second child.我生完第二個孩子后就一直在節(jié)食。即景活用單句寫作My sister wants to (節(jié)食)，because she thinks she is overweight.狗衡的飲食)is important for a childs development.Drinking water is a key part of(健康的飲食)and it makesyour skin clearer and takes weight off.答案： go on a diet

14、 A balanced diet a healthy diet3addict n. 對著迷的人vt.使上癮(P5)歸納(1)addict oneself to 沆WT;醉心于(2)addicted adj.上癮的；沆迷丁某種嗜好的71 1。 拓展be/become/get addicted to . (3)addictive adj.使人上癮的 addiction n.癮，入迷，嗜好沉迷于;熱愛After his divorce, Bruce addicted himself to drinking, thus losing his job.離婚后，布魯斯終日醉酒，結(jié)果丟了工作。Teenage

15、rs who are addicted jo the Internet are more likely to suffer fromdepression.有網(wǎng)癮的青少年更可能患憂郁癥。 You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive.你應(yīng)該停止服用這種藥，因?yàn)樗钊松习a。 Some students are now fighting their addiction to computer games.現(xiàn)在一些學(xué)生正努力戒除對電腦游戲的癮。q即景活用(1)單句語法填空 Alcohol and tobacco are bot

16、h highly(addict) He is now fighting his(addict) to alcohol. We are addicted to(buy) new things.答案： addictive addiction buying(2)單句寫作曾經(jīng)有一段時間他玩電腦游戲上癮。There was a time when he computer games.答案： was addicted to playing4in case 以防萬一 (P5)歸納 拓展in case of以防萬一（后跟名詞）in that case如果那樣的話in this case在這種情況卜in mos

17、t cases在大多數(shù)情況卜in any case無論如何，不管怎樣in no case決不（位于旬首時句子用部分倒裝）thats not the case情況并非如此as is often the case情況常常如止匕，常有的事Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.=Take your raincoat in _case_(that) it should rain.帶上雨傘，以防下雨。 Inany case, I have to leave soon.無論如何，我必須盡快離開。 Inno case should you leave here.在

18、任何情況下你都不要離開這里。即景活用單句寫作對他來說是常有的事，他上課遲到了。with him, he was late for class.帶張地圖吧，以防迷路。Bring a map you get lost.湯姆現(xiàn)在很忙。在這種情況下，我們就不再等了。Tom is very busy now. we wont wait any longer.無論如何我不能輸?shù)暨@次重要比賽。this important match.萬一有火警，將玻璃擊碎。fire, break the glass.答案： As is often the case in case In this case In no ca

19、se can I lose In case of5differ v.不同，不一樣，有區(qū)別（P5）歸納 拓展(1)differ from 與不 1司differ in在方面不同(2)different adj. /、同的;相異的 be different from . in . 在與不同(3)difference n. /、同;區(qū)別tell the difference between . and 分辨和的/、同make a difference有影響；起(重要)作用This proposal differs from the last onejn many important respects

20、.=This proposal is different from the last onejn many important respects.這個建議在很多重要方面與上一個不同。Compare the two pictures and tell_the difference between them.比較一下這兩幅畫，分辨出它們之間的不同。 One false step w川 make a great difference.差之毫厘，謬以千里。語境申記 Though they are twins, they have many differences. First of all, they

21、 differ_in hobbies. Jim likes playing football while Tom enjoys playing chess. In addition, they are_different_from each other in_ shape. Jim is tall and fat while Tom is short and thin.雖然他們是雙胞胎，但他們有許多不同之處。首先，他們的愛好不同。吉姆 喜歡踢足球，而湯姆喜歡下棋。止匕外，他們體形不同。吉姆又高又胖，而湯姆又 矮又瘦。EZ即景活用單句語法填空 These two books differ col

22、ouLone is red and the other is blue. Our village is very(difference) from what it was before. The behavior of parents makes a great(different) to the children.答案： in different difference6recommend v.推薦(P6)歸納 拓展recommend doing sth.建議做杲事recommend sb. to do sth.建議某人做杲事 recommend sth. to sb.向某人推薦某物 reco

23、mmend sb. as推薦某人為recommend that .建議 （that 從何應(yīng)用 should+動詞 原形，其中should可以省略）It is recommended that .建議（It 作形式主語，that從句為真正的主語） He strongly recommended going there by train. 他強(qiáng)烈建議坐火車去那兒。 Why did you recommend him to take such an important position?你為什么推薦他擔(dān)任這么重要的職位？Would you recommend a book to me?你能給我推薦一

24、本書嗎？ Ill recommend Tom as his assistant.我要推薦湯姆當(dāng)他的秘書。 It is recommended that you should consult your doctor.建議你去咨詢醫(yī)生。q即景活用 1)單句語法填空 It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it any friend of minewho is going to Beijing. He recommended(read) the book before seeing the movie. Its strongly recomme

25、nded that the machine(repair) every year. 答案： to reading (should) be repaired (2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換The doctor recommended (that) my father (should) take more exercise. fThe doctor recommended my father more exercise.答案：to take隨堂演練 S UI TANG I .用be able to的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1 .每個人都看得出兩者的區(qū)別。Everyone see the difference betwee

26、n the two.答案：is able to2 .由于他的幫忙，我們昨天才能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。Thanks to his help, we finish the work ahead of timeyesterday.答案： were able to3 .我還看不出兩者的區(qū)別在哪兒。I see the difference between the two yet.答案：havent been able to4 .如果你睡個好覺，那么你就能做出這道題。If you have a good sleep, you work out this problem.答案：will be able to5

27、.我對不能幫助你感到抱歉。I feel bad about help you.答案：not being able to6 .他似乎能把復(fù)雜的思想用簡單的話語說出來。He seemed put complicated thought in simple words.答案：to be able toH .用have to的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1 .我把自己鎖在了我們的公寓外面，不得不破門而入。I locked myself out of our apartment and break in.答案：had to2 .制定計(jì)劃要從調(diào)查研究入手。To work out a plan, one start w

28、ith investigation.答案：has to3 .我得在5點(diǎn)鐘到學(xué)校接孩子。I pick up the children from school at 5 oclock.答案：have tom .單句寫作1 .我們的老師建議我們定期鍛煉以保持身體健康。Our teacher recommends that.答案： we (should) take exercise regularly2 .犯罪率上升可能與失業(yè)率上升有關(guān)。The rise in crime is likely an increase in unemployment.答案：to be related to3 .這兩個地區(qū)

29、的氣候差異很大。These two regions.答案：differ greatly in climate4 .你應(yīng)該帶著你的雨傘以防下雨。You should take your umbrella.答案：in case it rains5 .不言而喻保持平衡的膳食能幫助你保持健康。It goes without saying that can help you stay healthy.答案：keeping a balanced dietIV .一句多譯1 .時間很充足，你不必開這么快。Theres plenty of time. You so fast.Theres plenty of

30、time. You so fast.答案：neednt drive; dont need to drive2 .看看這些花，它們需要澆水了。Look at the flowers. They need.Look at the flowers. They need.答案： watering; to be watered3 .他一句話也不敢說。He a word.He a word.答案：dare not say; doesnt dare to say課后課時作業(yè)I 閱讀理解Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating cou

31、ld be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works becauseit stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers （I發(fā)）a part of the brain thatis worried that unseen food may go bad.An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found th

32、at people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten becausethey could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteersestimated they had eaten 88 percent more

33、than they actually had.Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see

34、their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they h

35、ad eaten.On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded group ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ic e- cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower

36、 than those who could see.“Theexperienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eatng experience and in the overall dining experience.”Previous studies have shown that the visua

37、l influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們在關(guān)燈或者 戴著眼罩時用餐可以減肥。1. With the lights out, diners eat less p

38、artly because.A. they want to quickly finish their mealsB. they trust their feelings more than everC. they focus more on fun than the caloriesD. they worry about the quality of the food答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句It also triggers （弓I發(fā)）a part ofthe brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.可知， 當(dāng)關(guān)燈后，飲

39、食者可能 會擔(dān)心食物的質(zhì)量，故選D項(xiàng)。2. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group.A. spent a much longer time eating the same foodB. believed they ate more than they really didC. depended on past experiences to feel fullD. thought the food tasted better than usual答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Blindfolded voluntee

40、rs estimatedthey had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had以及實(shí)驗(yàn)過程可知，戴眼罩進(jìn)食的志愿者們對進(jìn)食量的估計(jì)遠(yuǎn)高于實(shí)際情況，故選B項(xiàng)。3. The last two paragraphs tell us that.A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darknessB. senses rather than sight play an important role in the tasteC. findings of this experiment

41、differ from the previous studiesD. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark答案：A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的 Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite并結(jié)合最后兩段內(nèi)容可知，最后兩段主要講的是在黑暗中用 餐，飲食者可能會降低食欲，故選 A項(xiàng)。4. The main purpose of the passage is to.A. provide statistics related to eating

42、 in the darkB. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areasC. inform the readers of the result of an experimentD. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way答案：C 推理判斷題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要是通過敘述實(shí)驗(yàn)過程來告知 讀者實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)。n 七選五Everyone knows that fish is good for health. _1_ But it seems that many people do

43、nt cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. _2_ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._3_ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you

44、should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. _ 4_ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or

45、two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. _5_ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices 倜料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more t

46、ime.) Then, its ready to serve.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文為

47、一篇說明文，介紹了購買、儲存和烹飪魚的小竅門。1. G 上旬提到吃魚對人的健康有益，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是對上旬的進(jìn)一步解釋說明，故G項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病?！狈险Z境。2. D 上旬指出：購買、儲存和烹飪魚并不是難事。設(shè)空處承接上句，強(qiáng)調(diào) “它只需要一點(diǎn)兒知識”，從而引出下文對這些知識的介紹。故D項(xiàng)符合語境。3. F下文指出了新鮮的魚和不新鮮的魚都有什么氣味，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“買魚時應(yīng)該先 聞聞味道”，與下文話題銜接緊密，且 F項(xiàng)中的“smel嗎下文中的“smell呼應(yīng)， 符合語境。4. A 上旬指出有腥味或者味兒很大的魚不新鮮，本句承接上句，指出不要 購買這樣的魚，故選A項(xiàng)。5. B 上旬指出做魚的

48、方法有很多種，根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的steam可知此處講述了蒸魚的方法，故B項(xiàng)符合語境，意為“最簡單的方法就是蒸魚”。m語法填空A Bite of China, a mouth-watering late-night documentary television series about Chinese food, 1_ (attract) countless viewers since it was aired on CCTV It became popular immediately after being shown, and has made viewers go beyond thinkin

49、g about food _2_ (it).From its very beginning, A Bite of China is not just a documentary about food. It is a serious documentary providing 3 unique view of Chinese as well _4_ the relations between people and food and between people and society. The documentary shows the techniques _5_ (use) in maki

50、ng food and their production process as well as the lives of ordinary people, thus _6_ (touch) the hearts of the audienceA Bite of China shows that the emotions of ordinary Chinese people should be exhibited, and that even a 7 (complete) commercial (商業(yè)的)program can achieve both artistic and commerci

51、al success. Being sincere is the most important thing for _8_ (artist) because they cannot move others unless they themselves are first moved.If you are the one _9_ is curious about the history and stories behind foods of various kinds in China, _10_ (switch) on TV and a fantastic world will spread

52、in front of you.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹探尋中國美食的節(jié)目舌尖上的中國非常火爆的原因。1. has attracted考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：舌尖上的中國，一檔讓人垂涎的 中國美食的深夜紀(jì)錄片，自從在 CCTV播出以來，吸引了無數(shù)的觀眾。根據(jù)時間 狀語從句since it was aired on CCTV可知，本空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時表示對現(xiàn)在的影響。2. itself考查代詞。句意：（節(jié)目）播出后非常受歡迎，讓觀眾不僅僅思考食 物本身。根據(jù)句意可知，本空應(yīng)用反身代詞讓self表示“食物本身”。3. a考查冠詞。句意：舌

53、尖上的中國是一部嚴(yán)肅的紀(jì)錄片，對中國人、 人與食物以及人與社會的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了一種獨(dú)特的解讀。因?yàn)閡nique是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，故本空應(yīng)用不定冠詞 a。4. as考查固定短語。as well as “和；以及”，故本空應(yīng)用介詞 aso5. used考查非謂語動詞。句意：這部紀(jì)錄片展示了用于食物制作的技巧、 生產(chǎn)過程和普通人的生活，因此觸動了很多人的心。本空作后置定語修飾名詞 technique,且technique與use之間為被動關(guān)系，故本空應(yīng)用過去分詞used6. touching考查非謂語動詞。表示自然而然產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞 作結(jié)果狀語，表示“自然而然，順理成章”的結(jié)果。7.

54、completely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：甚至一部完全的商業(yè)節(jié)目也可以取得 藝術(shù)和商業(yè)成功。本空修飾形容詞 commercial,故應(yīng)用副詞completely。8. artists考查名詞。句意：真誠對于藝術(shù)家來說是最重要的。 artist為可數(shù) 名詞，本空前沒有冠詞，故本空應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示一類人。9. who考查定語從句。句意：如果你是一個對中國各種各樣的食物背后的 故事和歷史感興趣的人，那么打開電視，一個神奇的世界就會出現(xiàn)在你面前。本 空引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語指人，因?yàn)橄刃性~為the one,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。10. switch 考查祈使句。本句為 “祈使句+ and+

55、陳述句”句型，故本空應(yīng) 用動詞原形switch oIV 讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事?！癏ey! ” the voice called from behind me. “Are you a girl or a duck? ” I ignored the comments because I knew they were from the mean girl, Betsy. I ran to my class, causing my slight limp （跛行）to become even more apparent. Already, I could

56、see that things would be different here. At my old school, I had a group of friends to protect me. However, in this new school, I was on my own. I took my place in the first row of desks and I was grateful for alphabetic seating. My last name came at the beginning of the alphabet and Betsys last name came at the end. As the weeks went on, though, I made friend