外研版高中英語(yǔ)必修三

1、單詞1 campaignn. 戰(zhàn)役；運(yùn)動(dòng)；政治競(jìng)選活動(dòng)vi . 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)；從事活動(dòng)【詞語(yǔ)辨析】campaign ， war ， battle 和 action(1)campaign 指在某一地區(qū)所做的一連串有固定目的的軍事行動(dòng)或?yàn)檫_(dá)到某一特殊目的所做的一連串有計(jì)劃的活動(dòng)。(2)war 指的是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的全過程， 具體包括 campaign 和battle 。(3)battle 指戰(zhàn)斗或會(huì)戰(zhàn)。(4)action 指軍事行動(dòng)( 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的小事件) 。2 strengthn. U 力量；力氣；體力；意志力；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；C， U 優(yōu)點(diǎn)； 長(zhǎng)處strong adj .strengthen vt .with all o

2、nes strength2 strength n. U 力量；力氣；體力；意志力；堅(jiān) 強(qiáng)；強(qiáng)壯的；牢固的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；強(qiáng)烈的，濃的加強(qiáng)，鞏固用上全身的力氣力氣；體力；意志力；堅(jiān)complain that抱怨complain (to sb)about/of抱怨；訴說make a complaint抱怨；投訴1 cut down削減 (cut sth down/cut down on sth);砍倒；縮短cut in插嘴；插入；把插進(jìn)cut off切掉；中斷；切斷的供應(yīng)；隔絕cut up切碎2 give out分發(fā)；發(fā)布，公布( 消息等) ；發(fā)出 ( 光、聲音等 ) ；用完，耗盡,耗盡give awa

3、y泄露；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)頒發(fā)give back歸還；送回；反射反射give in (to)認(rèn)輸；投降；屈服；交上；呈上屈服；交上；呈上give off發(fā)出 ( 光、 聲音等) ； 散發(fā)出 ( 氣味 )give up放棄；停止；拋棄拋棄【活學(xué)活用】告C，strong adj .strengthen vt .with all ones strengthU 優(yōu)點(diǎn)； 長(zhǎng)處強(qiáng)壯的；牢固的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；強(qiáng)烈的，濃的加強(qiáng)，鞏固用上全身的力氣他已讓步，接受了我的看法。接受了我的看法。3 think about考慮到；關(guān)心；替著想think of想到；記得think of as把看作/視作think over仔細(xì)考慮；慎

4、重思考think up想出；發(fā)明think back回想；追憶【活學(xué)活用】(1)He has to my views.3 concerned adj .關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的；與有關(guān)的concernn.關(guān)心；憂慮v . 與有關(guān)，涉及；使憂慮，使擔(dān)心be concerned about/for 擔(dān)心all people concerned所有有關(guān)人員be concerned in 與有牽連as far as is concerned 就而言； 依看來(lái)【經(jīng)典句式】It concerns me that 讓我擔(dān)心。What concerns me is 讓我擔(dān)心的是【活學(xué)活用】(1)is our lack

5、of preparationfor the change.讓我擔(dān)心的是，我們對(duì)事態(tài)的發(fā)展缺乏準(zhǔn)備。(2)There is growing violence ontelevision. 人們對(duì)電視上的暴力內(nèi)容日漸憂慮。4 complain vt . & vi . 抱怨；發(fā)牢騷 complaintn.抱怨；訴苦；投訴；控(1)All he ever is money.他想的只是錢。4 take 相關(guān)短語(yǔ)take in 吸收；理解；欺騙；收留；改小(衣服等)take on 呈現(xiàn)；露出take up 占據(jù)；拿起；開始從事take down 寫下；記下【活學(xué)活用】Li,ourEnglishteacher

6、, alwaysmakeshislessonssimpleenough for thestudents to .A. take offC. take in2. He had nowhere _ him .A.took;upook;overD.3. Dontbe tomake you loseA.takenoffB. take up D. take down to live, so we B. took; in. ttook; away by products promising weight quickly.B. taken outC.taken away D. taken in5 get 的

7、常用結(jié)構(gòu)：get doing 開始做 - get+ 賓語(yǔ)+adj 使- 處于（某種狀態(tài)）get+ 賓語(yǔ)+done 使- （完成）get+ 賓語(yǔ) +to do 使/ 讓- 做-get+ 賓 語(yǔ) +doing-eg. They soon gotlk)You must getthe worktime.(finish)Alexander tried to get n the medical circles.(recognize)使 - 開 始 做 together.(ta ahead ofhis worki句型Sandstorms in China appear to have increased i

8、n recent years as a result of “ desertification 因“荒漠化”越發(fā)嚴(yán)重，中國(guó)近年來(lái)發(fā)生沙塵暴的次 數(shù)明顯增加了?！疽c(diǎn)解讀】 不定式的三種時(shí)態(tài)形式：to do 沒有明顯的時(shí)間意義或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后表將來(lái) 的動(dòng)作。to be doing 表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。to have done 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。語(yǔ)法 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)， 可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，組成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式的肯定形式是to do ； 其 否 定 形 式 是 not to do 。 完 成 式 ： to+ have done ；進(jìn)行

9、式：to+ be doing 。具體用法：1、 作 主語(yǔ) To see is to believe. 但在英語(yǔ)中， 常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)， 真正的主語(yǔ)即動(dòng)詞不定式放在后 面 如 ：Its wrong to play tricks on other people.2 、作賓語(yǔ)不定式作賓語(yǔ)有兩種：一種是及物動(dòng)詞后直接跟帶to的不定式，另一種是一及物動(dòng)詞+疑問句+帶to的不定式II。1）及物動(dòng)詞+帶 to 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)：只能跟動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞，常見的有： want, wish afford, agree, aim, appear, a sk, decide, demand, desire, det

10、ermine, ex pect, , happen, hope, intend, manage, of fer, pretend, promise, prepare, refuse, s eek, t, undertake 等。He managed to solve the complicated problemThe stranger offered to show me the way.Mr. Smith undertook to build a new pl ant in South Africa.2 )動(dòng)詞 +疑問代(副)詞+不定式：常見的動(dòng)詞有：advise, decide, dis

11、cuss, find out, know,learn, ,regard, understand,remember, see, teach, 等。常用的疑問代（副）詞有tellwhat, how,when, where, which,whether 等，但不包括why。He does not knowwhen tostart.Iwill showyou how todeal withit.有時(shí)，不定式可由 it 代替，而把不定式放到 后面去。這可以用這一結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)：動(dòng)詞（ find, think, consider, feel 等） +it+ 形容詞 + 不定式， it 是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后

12、面的動(dòng)詞不 定式。She considers it necessary to mak e friends with them. We find it difficu lt to finish all the homework before9oclock.3 ） love ， like ， begin ， start ， hate ， prefer 等詞后 面可以接不定式，上述動(dòng)詞后面除接不定式外，還可以接動(dòng)名詞，意思無(wú)很大區(qū)別。I like swimming， but I dont like to swim now. 我喜歡游泳， 但我現(xiàn)在不想游。4 ） stop ， forget ， rem

13、ember， go on， try 等詞或 短語(yǔ)后面可以接不定式。上述動(dòng)詞后面接不定式和接動(dòng)名詞意思大不相同。例句： When the teacher came in ， thestudentsstoppedtalking ；when he came out ，thestudentsstoppedto talk.當(dāng)老師走進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，學(xué)生們停止說話；當(dāng)老師走出去時(shí)，學(xué)生們又開始說話。3、作表語(yǔ) 一般情況為主語(yǔ)是不定式 （表示條件） ， 表詞也是不定式（表示結(jié)果） ：To work means toearna living.另一種情況為主語(yǔ)aim, duty, hope,idea,job, plan,

14、problem,purpose, thing,Hisaim is tostudy abroad in the near future. 4、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足 語(yǔ)1） tell , ask, want, order , teach , invite , warn, wish , help , get , wish , help 等詞后面常接不 定式作賓補(bǔ)。如：I tell him not to go there bybus . Edisons mother taught him to r ead and write.2） let , make, have, see, hear, feel , watc

15、h , notice后面接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如：The boss makes them work 16 hours a day.She was heard to sing in the next roo m.（ 若變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，要加上 to）3）不定式作定語(yǔ)He gave me an interesting b ook to read.如果動(dòng)詞不定式和前面所修飾的詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，若 動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面就得加相應(yīng)的介詞 Have you got some pens to write with5、不定式作狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)：They are quite surprisedtoseethe g

16、reat changes taking place in the a rea.作目的狀語(yǔ)：Sheraised her voice tobeheardbetter.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：He got to the station only to be told the train had gone.、不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)to doto be done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)to have doneto have been done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)to be doing/完成進(jìn)行時(shí)to have been doing/decided this plant.我們決定試著去找這種植物。pretended whe

17、n hermother came in.她媽媽進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候她假裝正在看書。seemed his promise. 他 seems you for two hours. 杰克好像一直在等你，有一個(gè)小時(shí)了。is the fourth brother the Second World War.詹姆士是被卷入二戰(zhàn)的第四個(gè)兄 弟。book is said into English.據(jù)說這本書已經(jīng)被譯成英文。三、“疑問句+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)疑問詞 who, what, which, when, where, how 后 加上不定式可構(gòu)成一種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，同樣一句話里，可 以用從句和不定式兩種結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)，意思沒有區(qū)別。

18、試比較：I don t know how I could get back to the village.I don t know how to get back to the village.四、不定式的固定句型s easy (hard, difficult, important, right, wrong, possible, necessary )to do 找到你很容易。takes sb. some time to do 讀這本書花了我三天時(shí)間。3. - have/has to do 天晚了，我們不得不回家。be +to do今天沒什么重要的事要做。to do他搬起石頭卻砸了自己的腳。

19、has no choice but to do她別無(wú)選擇，只有躺下來(lái)睡覺。He only has a small room to live in.（ He 是to live in邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。）Mother always gives her little daughter some picture books to read. （her little daughter 是 to read的邏輯主語(yǔ)）選擇題1. I can t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses talking while she works.A. worki

20、ng; stopping B. to work; stoppingC. working; to stop D. to work; to stop2. My advisor encouraged a summer course toimprove my writing skills.A. for me taking B. me takingC. for me to take D. me to take3. The director had he assistant somehot dogsfor the meeting.A. picked up B. picks upC. pick up D.

21、picking up4. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one first is the library.A. repaired B. being repairedC. repairing D. to be repaired5. If there is a lot of work, I m happy tojust keep on until it is finished.A. to do B. to be done C. done D.doing6. Did the book give the information y

22、ouneededYes. But it, I had to read the entire book.A. to find B. find C. to finding D.finding7. , the pay isn t attractive enough, thoughthe job itself is quite interesting.A. Generally speaking B. On the contraryC. In particular D. To be honest8. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang,

23、who was reported the world record inthe 110-meter hurdle race.A. breaking B. having brokenC. to have broken D. to break9. as an Olympic event, a sport must be playedin at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.A. To accept B. Having acceptedC. To be accepted D. Accepting10. It s no use having i

24、deas only. Don t worry. Peter can show you to turn an idea into an act.A. how B. who C. what D. where11. There will be more than 750 projects ,creating nearly 40,000 jobs this summer, including 15,000 in a Youth conservation Corps.A. started B. to be started C. starting D. to start12. As far as I kn

25、ow, their task ahead of time,they often stayed up late into the night.A. finishing B. having finishedC. finished D. to finish13. Can I have the document right now Of course. Wait a minute and I ll have mysecretary it for you.A. to print B. printing C. printed D. print14. Another primary school is re

26、ported forchildren in Wen Chuan now.A. to have been built B. to have builtC. being built D. to be building15. Obama s African father returned Kenya when he was 2, him by his white, Kansa-bornmother in Hawaii.A. leaving; to be raised B. left; to be raised C. leaving; raising D. left; raised16. Findin

27、g her car stolen, .A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. Mrs. Green reported it to the police17. happened to be no one in the building whenthe fire broke out.A. It B. There C. This D. That18. He ran for 40 minutes to catch the footballteam s bus, only it had just left.What a bitter disappointment he had!A. found B. to find C. finding D.