2021年湖南省永州市中考英語試題(解析版)

1、永州市2021年初中學業(yè)水平考試英語（試題卷）第一部分聽力技能（共兩節(jié)，計20分）第一節(jié)（共5分，每小題1分）聽下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1個小題，從各小題所給的 A、B、C三個選頂中選出最佳答案，井標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段材料前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。1. What is Giace domg now?2. Whafs the niater with the woman?3. Wliat does Alice do after school04. Where is the watch made05. How does Kate go t

2、o school?第二節(jié)（共15分，每小題1分）聽下面六段材料，每段材料后各有幾個小題，從各小題所給的A、B、C三個選頂中選出最佳答案，井標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段材料前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。聽第一段材料，回答第67小題.6. Where does the man want to go?A. A bank.B. A hotel.C. A supeimarket.7. How far is it from here to the destmation (H 的地產(chǎn)A. About 4 kilometers.B. About 4 kilome

3、ters.C. About 6 kilometers.聽第二段材料，回答第89小題。8. What kind of music does Jane look like?A. Pop.B. Rock.C. Counuy.9. When sliall they meet9A. At 2:00 p.m.B. At 2:30 p.m.C. At 3:00 p.m.聽第三段材料，回答第ion小題。10. What does the nian want to buv?A. Sluns.B. Coats.C. Skuts.11. How much will the woman pay for the gif

4、ts?A. 20 dollars.B. 35 dollais.C. 40 dollars.聽第四段材料，回答第1214小題。12. How was the weather on Saturday9A. Suiiny.B. Cloudv.C. Ramv.13. What did Marv do on Sunday afternoon9A. She visited her graiidpaients.B. She played with her biother.C. She vohmteered m an old people's home.14. Wliat did Mike tliin

5、k was the most delicious?A. SaladB. Cake.C. Popcorn.聽第五段材料，回答第1517小題。A. Math and science.15. Wliat subjects should Lucy study haid?B. Medicme and chenustrv. C. Math and chenustiv J/16. Wliat does Bob want to be0A. An mventor.B. A doctor.C. A teacher.17. Wliat does Bob tluiik of medicme?A. Difierent.

6、B. Fun.C. Easy.聽第六段材料，回答第1820小題。18. How does reading make us feel?A. Happy.B. Tiled.C. Bored19. Why may good readers become good waters?A. Because they can read a book anywheie.B. Because then schoolwork may become better.C. Because they may have more tluiigs to write about.20. Wliat docs the passag

7、e mauily tell us?A. Reading is a good hobby. B. Reading is Fun. C. How to read faster.第二部分 閱讀技能（共兩節(jié)，計5。分）第一節(jié) 閱讀選擇（共40分，每小題2分）閱讀下面的材料，從每小題所給的A、B、C三個 選項中，選出最佳答案，并在件答題卡上將該編號字母涂黑。China's unbelievable high-speed rail networkAt the begHining of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow,

8、crowded and often uncomfortable trains rail across this vast couiiuy with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijmg a test of travel.Today, it's a completely different pictiue With 37,900 kilometers of lines, luiking all of its major big cities.China has the world's largest

9、work oflugh-speed railways. Half of tliat total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a fiirther 3.700 kilometers due to open in die coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double m lengtli again, to 70.000 kilometers, by 2035.1. How were die trains m Cluiia at the beginnin

10、g of the 21” century?A. Fast.B. Comfbnable.C. Crowded.2. How many kilometers of lines aie due to open m the coining months of 2021?A. 3J00.B. 37.900.C. 70,000.【答案】l.C 2. A【解析】【分析】文章通過今昔對比介紹了中國高鐵的發(fā)展。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題c 根據(jù)“At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded a

11、nd often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country.”可知，21 世紀初，中國的鐵路是緩慢、擁擠,而且常 常讓人不舒服的，故選C?！?題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題° 根據(jù)“with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021."可知,在 2021 年的未來幾個月里，有3,700公里的線路將要開通，故選A。CyberkidsThis bar graph shows the percentage of U.S kids who s

12、urf the webs100%age 一 一.ActivitySend an e-mail89%play gamesPopular things to do on the InternetPercentageof kids online87%Go online to get news or imformation 75%Send or receive messages Buy things : such as books , clothingsSend or reveive messages using a cell phone3. 41.0% of kids aged use the In

13、ternet.A. 59B. 10134. What percentage of kids gets news or mfbmiation online?A. 89%.B. 76%.5. What do 43% of kids usually do on tlie Internet?A. Play games.B. Buy books.C. 1417C. 38%.25%43%38%C. Send or receive instant messages.【答案】3.A4.B5.B【解析】【分析】文章是對不同年齡段的孩子上網(wǎng)所占比的介紹以及孩子們喜歡在網(wǎng)上做的事情的統(tǒng)計表?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題C

14、根據(jù)圖表一中41.0%對應的是59歲的孩子，故選A【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題c根據(jù)右側表格中“Go online to get news or information.”對應的是76%,故選Bo【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題c根據(jù)右側表格中43%對應的內(nèi)容“Buy things.such as books, clothing.”可知，43%的孩子通常在 網(wǎng)上買書，故選B。CCan a green machine help the world's poorest kids learn better? Nicholas Negroponte tluiiks so. He and his team of

15、 scientists have invented a new type of computer. As a result, many children who live in poverty (貧 窮)will have theu own laptop computers!Negroponte works at a umversity. He started a group called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC). The people at OLPC don't work fbr money. They work to help children le

16、ani. OLPC makes computers that don't cost a lot. Then they sell the macluiies to govcimnents of countries tliat have many people live in poverty. The governments then give the computes to kids fbr free.The XO Laptop computers aie made fbr school-aged cluldien in developmg nations. Many of these

17、cliildren live in faraway areas and go to schools with classrooms. In order to work, the laptops have to be lastmg and student-friendlv.JThe macluiies have niany fun chaiacters like a built-in video camera, voice recoiding, and games. The WiFi lets students share mfbrniation on rhe Web and read e-bo

18、oks. They also can make music and chat with friends.Another great character is tliat it can last fbr a long tune. It can be hand charged aiid also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel. Because of these chaiacteis the XO laptops make learning fun wlule helping the enviromnent.The coniputei

19、s have a colorful name -"the gieen machine''. Negroponte thinks they could make a difference in the lives of nullions ofkids. He says, ccEvery problem you can think of-poverty, peace, the envkoimient-is solved with education."OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers m the

20、next few yeais. Kids in Thailand, Nigeiia. Biazil, andAigentma will get most of them. China and Egypt also want to take part in tlie program. After that, Negroponte hopes to sell computeis to otliei countnes with high poveity.6. Negroponte thuiks his laptop computers will help the world's poores

21、t kids to.A. work at homeB. go to school on tuneC. learn better7. What can we know about the people at OLPC according to Paiagiaph 2?A. They work for money.B. They give computers to kids fbi free.C. They sell computers to governments with many people living m poverty.8. Why do XO laptops make leanim

22、g firn wlule helping the environment9A. Because they aie lasting and student-fiiendly.B. Because they are made fbr school-aged children.C. Because they have a colorfill name.9. What does the underlined word charged1 mean in Chinese?A.攜帶B.充電C.使用10. Who will get most of the computeis in the next few y

23、ears?A. Kids in Tliailand.B. Kids in Chma.C. Kids in Egypt.【答案】6.C7.C8. A 9. B 10. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了 Negroponte和他的科學團隊發(fā)明了一種新型電腦，這個綠色機器 能用助世界上貧窮的孩子更好地學習?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題 （：根據(jù)“Can a green machine help the world's poorest kids learn better? Nicholas Negroponte thinks so. He and his team of scienti

24、sts have invented a new type of computer,“可知，Negroponte 認為他的電腦可以幫助 最窮困的孩子更好的學習。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段“OLPC makes computers that don/t cost a lot. Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty. The governments then give the computes to kids for free.”可知，

25、他們把這些電腦賣給那些有很多人生活在貧國中的國家的政府。然后政府將這些計算機免費 提供給孩子們。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題c 根據(jù)“The machines have many fun characters like a built-in video camera.They also can make music and chat with friends ,"和"Another great character is that it can last for a longtime ”可知,因為這種機器持 續(xù)時間長，而且可以供學生娛樂，所以有趣。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜

26、測題 c 根據(jù)”.also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel”可知,此處的“charged”指的是充電, 故選B.【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil and Argentina will get most of them. 泰國、尼口利亞、巴西和阿根廷的孩子將獲得其中 大部分，故選A。Dogs might have

27、the latest tools in the fight against cancer （癌癥）；their noses! Reseaichers at California's PineStreet Foundation （PSF） say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prison's breath. This could be excitmgnews.A dog's sense of smell may be 10.000 to 100.000 tunes stionger than ours.

28、 But can dogs really smell illness?PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. "We were very surpnsed by how exact they were/ he said. ccThey were telluig who had cancer, and tliey were also saying who didn't."Dogs in the Pme Stieet Foundation test were named to sit when they smelled ca

29、ncer. How well did they perform9 Take a look at tlus chart to find out.Breath SampleNumber of Tmies die Dogs Sat downNumber of Tunes the DogsKept StandingBreatli from hing cancerpatients56410Breath from healthy persons4708McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one with cancer to blow i

30、nto plastic tubes （溺料管）.Special materials m the tubes kept the tilings of each breath. The tubes were then placed one yaid apan. Finally, the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes. Each dog liad been tramed for tluee weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.Ninety-iune percent of the time, the dug sat nex

31、t to die tubes blown into by patients with lung cancel. The dogs were right 88 percent of the tune about breast cancer.No lab test for caiicer has given more correct results tliaii tlus test. The results are so aniazmg that many experts question the dogs' smelling power. Tliey wonder if there we

32、re other reasons why the dogs did so well. For example, they thought the way the dog tramers behaved could liave influenced how die dogs acted. However, most experts agree that this study is important. The information could help scieutists create a sunpie breatli test for cancel in the future. Once

33、again, hunians may be gettmg a helping paw or nose-fiom their best animal friends.11. What's tlie latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer?A. Tooth.B. Nose.C. Ear.12. What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test9A. The dogs were tiained.B. The tubes were placed one yard

34、 apait.C. The dogs smelled die tubes.13. Wliat was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer?A. Smell again.B. Turn aiound.C. Sit down.14. Look at the cliart. How many tunes did the dogs keep standmg when they smelled the breath from healthy persons?A. Less than 10 times.B. Almost 600 rimes.C. Abo

35、ut 700 times.15. Wliy do many experts question the dog's smelling power?A. Because no lab test for caiicer has given more conect results.B. Because the dog tramers mfluenced how the dogs acted.C. Because they don't tlwik this study is mortant.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】文章介紹了狗利用

36、它們炎敏的嗅覺以別癌癥的事情，并通過實例證實，由此說明狗可能對醫(yī)學問 題有幫助。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題（：根據(jù)“Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer （疵癥）;their noses!”可知,狗可能 擁有最新的抗癌I.具是它們的鼻子，故選B?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題（：根據(jù)"Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer. How well did they perform? T

37、ake a look at this chart to find out."可推知，松樹街基金會的狗在嗅到癌癥的實驗中首先是 要接受訓練,故選兒【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題c 根據(jù)"Finally, the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes. Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer/ nf Jj,狗如果嗅到了癌癥就會坐下來,故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題© 根據(jù)表格中的顯示“Breath from healthy perso

38、ns"和"Number of Times the Dogs Kept Standing”對 應的數(shù)字是708,故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題 c +艮據(jù)“The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs' smelling power.For example, they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.”可知，許多專家質(zhì)疑 狗的嗅覺能力。他們認為馴狗師的行為方

39、式可能會影響狗的行為。故選B。What do you do with your mbbish? Thiow it out? You don't know what you're missing? Look closely at the two figures on youi left. They were made from tilings most people thiow away. The figuies were made from used bottle caps. Those two bottle-cap figures were exinbited （展示）in

40、a museum.Folk art is art made by common people who have not been tiamed as aitists. Then work is often based on traditions in their culture. Fme art. on the othei hand, is usually made by people who have had traming in art. Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty. They aie supposed to

41、 be looked at but not used. Works of folk art, howevei; aie often made for everyday use.There wei e more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 counti ies m the exlubition. All of the pieces were made from used metal, wood, cloth, and plastic. The artists come fiom many different cultures. StilL

42、 tliey all share one dung. They take objects that are normally tluown away and change diem into objects tliat are beautiful, useful, and fim The artists may not think of what they do as recycling, but thafs exactly what it is. Fine artists might work witli expensive niateiials. They iiughr use expen

43、sive tools to shape these niatenals into works of art. On tlie other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford. The exlubition shows diat a rich unagmation is very important when there aie only poor matenals. Recycled art began long befbie peop

44、le began to think about recycling. Some of the objects m the exlubition date from the 1930s.Even if you don't create art out of rubbish, it's good to save our natwal resouices. Remember the three Rules: reduce, teuse. recycle. If you reduce waste, tine things mstead of tliiowiiig tliem out,

45、and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.16. Wluch idea belongs in the empty box?Conclusion （結論）DetailsAit based on cultural traditionsArt made fbr everyday useArt made with used materialsA. Folk art is made by people who are not trained artistsB. The

46、 artists come from many different culnuesC. Recycled art began long before people started recyclmg17. Wliat can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Tlieie was more than 800 pieces of fine an.B. Folk artists can't shape expensive niatenals mto works of artC. Poor niatenals also can be made mto works of

47、art.18. Wliat is the same tluiig of the pieces in tlie exhibition share?A. They aie all woks of fine an.B. They are all made fiom used materials.JJC. They aie all made by the uauied artists.19. What can we do to protect our envuoiiment?A. Tlirow away used niatenals.B. Only use expensive materials.C.

48、 Recycle niateiials.20. Wluch of the fbllowmg would be the best title fbr the passage9A. Used Bottle CapsB. The Ait of RecyclingC. A Museum Exlubition【答案】16. C17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B【解析】【分析】文章介紹了廢舊物品作品展覽，比較了美術作品與民間藝術，呼吁大家從小界做起，變廢為寶， 保護環(huán)境。16題詳解】推理判斷題c 根據(jù)"On the other hand, in poor countries rubb

49、ish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford.Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.”可知，這里主要是介紹回收藝術 情況，故選C。【17題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)"They take objects that are normally throv/n away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun.The exhibition

50、 shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.”可知，劣質(zhì)的材料也可以制成藝術品,故選C?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解即。 根據(jù)"Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun.”可知，展覽分享中的作品都是精美的藝術品,故選A。【

51、19題詳解】細節(jié)理解題 ° 根據(jù)“If you reduce waste, true things instead of throwing them out, and recycle materials such as paper plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.”可知，回收材料對保護環(huán)境有好處,故選 Co【20題詳解】最佳標題題c 根據(jù)"What do you do with your rubbish? Throw it out? You don't know what you're

52、 missing!.Those two bottle-cap figures were exhibited （展示）in a museum.”及整個文章的理解可知，文章主要是介紹廢I日物品 作品展覽，呼吁大家從小事做起，變廢為寶，保護環(huán)境，故選B。第二節(jié) 閱讀匹配（共I。分，每小題2分） 閱讀下面的短文，從所給的AF六個選項中，選出正確的答案填空，使短文通順，內(nèi)容完整, 并在答題卡上將該編號字母涂黑，其中選項中有一項是多余的。5 ways to train your brain for better sleepThe days aie longer, full of sunshine and

53、bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spimg and sumiuei witli your loved ones. But if you want to enjoy your daytiiue, it's time to improve your sleep during the night-tune. “Sleep problems endanger health and quality （質(zhì)量）of life for up to 45% of the world's population,n accord

54、mg to die World Sleep Society.Sleep is one of the tliree keys to a healthier, longer lite （the others are diet and exercise）. 21 Here arethe top five ways to improve your sleep and get some relax:Create a sleep nest22 Science tells us tliat we sleep better in cooler teniperatures of about 60 to 67 d

55、egrees Fahieiiheit(15*C to 20).Develop a routineSet up a bedtune ntiial by taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book or listeiiuig to soft music. You're teacluiig youi inind to relax. And stick to it. Go to bed and get up at die same tune each day, even on weekends or your days off. 23Cut the

56、 lightsProduction of tlie sleep hormone melatomn (荷爾蒙褪黑激素)begms at dark. Research has found that the body will slow or stop it with light on, to get away from any light, even the blue light from your chaiging smart phone.Refuse the w ineDon't turn to wine to make you calm or help you sleep 24, Y

57、our body needs to experience all threesteps of sleep-light sleep dreaiiL aiid deep sleep-to fiilly repair itself.25Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems, thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep.If you tiy these tips and can't seem to relax, or your

58、 sleep continues to worsen, be sure to reach out to your doctor oi a mental health professional.A. The body likes routineB. Avoid heavy or hot foodsC. Refuse coffee later m the davJD. One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environmentE. Wme may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in die lighter sleepF. Many of the ways to mciease the quality of your sleep ai e easy to follow【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. E 25. B【解析】【分析】文中介紹了 5種訓練大腦以獲得更好睡眠的方法。【21題詳