高中英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞課件本周內(nèi)容

1、非謂語(yǔ)不定式（不定式（to do)分詞分詞動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞（-ing)過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(-ed)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)- ing分詞分詞-ed分詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞的基本現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞的基本形式你知道嗎？形式你知道嗎？那么簡(jiǎn)單，誰(shuí)不知道。是由動(dòng)那么簡(jiǎn)單，誰(shuí)不知道。是由動(dòng)詞末尾加詞末尾加 -ing 形式構(gòu)成，因此形式構(gòu)成，因此又叫動(dòng)詞的又叫動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式形式。V+-ing千萬(wàn)要注意千萬(wàn)要注意V-ingV-ing形式的規(guī)則喲！形式的規(guī)則喲！不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。還有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 和和 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 態(tài)態(tài)

2、類 別 及及 物物動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞形式主主 動(dòng)動(dòng)被被 動(dòng)動(dòng)主主 動(dòng)動(dòng)一般式 doing being done doing 完成式 having donehaving been donehaving done作主語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞1.Teaching is my full-time job.2.Writing an English composition is not easy. 3. Being exposed to the sun is harmful to our health.4.Its useless taking this kind of medicine. (n

3、o good, no point)作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)（1 1）動(dòng)名詞）動(dòng)名詞( (強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)行行為為）1.My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job.2.Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.（2 2）現(xiàn)在分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)）現(xiàn)在分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)性性質(zhì)質(zhì)）1.The play is exciting. Exciting is the play.2.The story he told us was very interesting. Interesting was the story

4、he told us.8v 動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于名詞名詞，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的含義及內(nèi)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的含義及內(nèi)容，它與主語(yǔ)是同等關(guān)系，主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)互換位置不影容，它與主語(yǔ)是同等關(guān)系，主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)互換位置不影響句子的基本含義，但不可用副詞來(lái)修飾。響句子的基本含義，但不可用副詞來(lái)修飾。v 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于形容詞形容詞，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等，主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)不可互換位置，但可征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等，主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)不可互換位置，但可用用very, quite等副詞來(lái)修飾，如：等副詞來(lái)修飾，如：vMy job is looking after the children

5、.vOur duty is serving the people heart and soul.vThe situation is encouraging.vThis cake is very inviting.vThe volleyball match we watched was very exciting.作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞I have just finished doing my home work. I suggested asking his brother for some money.He keeps buying expensive maps. He must ha

6、ve more than 200 by now.4.He imagined being praised by others.只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有十六個(gè)有十六個(gè)：resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on、look forward to、enjoy、include、appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、cant help、miss。太多了，怎么記呀？別著急，我們來(lái)動(dòng)動(dòng)腦別著急，我們來(lái)動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋。有了，你看：筋。有了，你看：抗議推遲盼喜報(bào)，心想練成考不錯(cuò)12在在need,

7、 want, deserve等后，可用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義，等后，可用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義，或用不定式的被動(dòng)式，意義上無(wú)差別。但用動(dòng)名詞較為普遍，（這或用不定式的被動(dòng)式，意義上無(wú)差別。但用動(dòng)名詞較為普遍，（這時(shí)主語(yǔ)一般是物），如：時(shí)主語(yǔ)一般是物），如： The door needs oiling / to be oiled.有的動(dòng)詞盡管可以用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，但意義明顯不同，須認(rèn)真加以區(qū)別：有的動(dòng)詞盡管可以用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，但意義明顯不同，須認(rèn)真加以區(qū)別： I forgot to close the door before I left the room. I forgot having clo

8、sed the door. He tried to write better. (盡量努力地寫(xiě)盡量努力地寫(xiě)) He tried writing with a brush. (用毛筆試著寫(xiě)用毛筆試著寫(xiě)) I couldnt help finishing it. (不能不結(jié)束某事不能不結(jié)束某事) I couldnt help to finish it. (不能幫助結(jié)束某事不能幫助結(jié)束某事) They left off fishing. (停止釣魚(yú)停止釣魚(yú)) They left off to fish. (離開(kāi)某處出發(fā)去釣魚(yú)離開(kāi)某處出發(fā)去釣魚(yú)) They stopped talking. 停止講話停

9、止講話 They stopped to talk. 停止在做的事，而去講話停止在做的事，而去講話 I regret to say that there is no wine in the bottle. (對(duì)現(xiàn)在要發(fā)生的對(duì)現(xiàn)在要發(fā)生的事表示遺憾、抱歉事表示遺憾、抱歉) I regret not taking your advice. (后悔后悔) 13以下動(dòng)詞既可接不定式做賓語(yǔ)，又可接動(dòng)名詞做以下動(dòng)詞既可接不定式做賓語(yǔ)，又可接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)， 注意意思上的區(qū)別：注意意思上的區(qū)別： remember forget regret like stop mean prefer hate conti

10、nue remember to do sth 記得去做某事 remember doing sth 記得做過(guò)某事 forget to do sth 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)/做了而又忘了 regret to do sth 很遺憾要去做 某事 I regret to tell you a bad news 我很遺憾要告訴你一個(gè) regret doing sth 后悔做了 I regret having said that. mean to do 打算想做某事. mean doing 意味著14vRather than _ on a crowded bus, he a

11、lways prefers _ a bicycle.vA. ride, ride B. riding ridevC. ride, to ride D. to ride, ridingvprefer sth to sthvprefer doing sth to doing sthvprefer to do sth rather than do sth15keep doing sth一直做某事keep on/up doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事consider doing 考慮做某事consider to be 認(rèn)為 to be doing to have done to have been do

12、ne16 動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）還常常跟在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）還常常跟在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 就是我們常說(shuō)的：介詞后面遇到動(dòng)詞，要把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榫褪俏覀兂Ｕf(shuō)的：介詞后面遇到動(dòng)詞，要把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)?ing形式形式 常見(jiàn)的有：常見(jiàn)的有：insist on / persist in / think of / dream of / object to / hear of / prevent from / keep from阻止，抑制阻止，抑制 / stop from / feel like / be engaged in忙于忙于 / look forward to / depend on

13、 / thank for / excuse for / devote to / set about開(kāi)始做某事開(kāi)始做某事 / spend in / get (be) used to / be fond of / be afraid of / be tired of / succeed in / be interested in / be proud of / burst out / give up 等，如：等，如： People object to smoking. Prevent sb. from doingsth. 阻止阻止某人做某事某人做某事 prevent from being seen

14、 or discovered. Stop your dog from snapping at me. 別讓你的狗咬我。別讓你的狗咬我。 Excuse me for being late. Why do you persist ? He insisted . They all objected . Are you interested ? Im thinking . I dont feel . She is afraid . He finally got tired . Burst out laughing. 突然大笑起來(lái)；突然大笑起來(lái)； to putting the meeting offin

15、 going to the showof going to town this afternoonlike eating anythingof falling behind the othersof doing office work作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞I heard the girl singing in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great int

16、erest.With the boy leading the road, we found the place easily.He found himself surrounded by others.能跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)能跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有這些，看看有什么好方法可動(dòng)詞有這些，看看有什么好方法可以將它們記?。阂詫⑺鼈冇涀。簃ake、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、notice、feel。對(duì)了，用對(duì)了，用“三讓、三看、兩三讓、三看、兩聽(tīng)、注意感覺(jué)聽(tīng)、注意感覺(jué)”。多簡(jiǎn)單！。多簡(jiǎn)單！動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示性質(zhì)或用

17、途性質(zhì)或用途。a washing machine a machine for washinga swimming pool a pool for swimming This is a new washing machine. 作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作動(dòng)作。如果是。如果是單詞單詞，放在被，放在被修飾的修飾的名詞前名詞前；如果是；如果是短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，放就放在被修飾的，放就放在被修飾的名名詞后詞后。a developing country a country which is developinga sleeping boy a boy who is sleepi

18、ngThe man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.China is a developing country.1.The boy reading a book under the tree is Tom.2. The patient being treated is a VIP.3. The house being built is my home.4. the falling leaves the fallen leaves the boiling water the boiled water the developing countries the

19、developed countries 作作 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。表時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。表時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨（方式）等。果、伴隨（方式）等。Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（時(shí)間）（時(shí)間）Being ill, he went home. （原因）（原因）European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 98)（結(jié)果）（結(jié)果）He read a magazine waiti

20、ng for the bus.（伴隨伴隨） Seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(條件）條件） If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.如果玩一整天，你就會(huì)浪費(fèi)了寶貴的時(shí)間。Taking the medicine three times a day,you will be well soon. 條件狀語(yǔ) ：一般放在句首，其前可以加 if, unless等連詞。Although repeating his words many times, the teacher c

21、ould not make her understand what he meant.盡管重復(fù)多遍，老師仍無(wú)法讓她理解他的意思。讓步狀語(yǔ) ：一般放在句首，常常由 although / though /even if 等連詞引導(dǎo) ?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)1. Having finished the work, they left for home.2. Not having received his letter, the mother wrote to her son again.3. Having been told for many times, the student still

22、didnt know the answer.4. When playing on the ground, he saw some money on the floor.5. When asked about his secret of success, the man kept silent.6. Dressed in a white coat, he looks like a doctor.26 有時(shí)為了明確動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，可以在動(dòng)名詞之有時(shí)為了明確動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，可以在動(dòng)名詞之前加上一個(gè)形前加上一個(gè)形容詞性容詞性或或，來(lái)表示動(dòng)名詞，來(lái)表示動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。有時(shí)也可

23、以用邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。有時(shí)也可以用人稱代詞賓格人稱代詞賓格或或名詞普通格名詞普通格，不過(guò)，不過(guò)，這主要用于口語(yǔ)中。如：這主要用于口語(yǔ)中。如：It is no use your saying so. It is no use you saying so.It is no use Toms saying so. It is no use Tom saying so.注：如果不是在句子的開(kāi)頭，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)常用名詞的普通格或人稱注：如果不是在句子的開(kāi)頭，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)常用名詞的普通格或人稱代詞賓格，（換言之，如果放在句首，結(jié)構(gòu)必須是物主代詞或名詞代詞賓格，（換言之，如果放在句首，結(jié)構(gòu)必須是物主代詞或名詞所有格。所有

24、格。) 如：如： I dont like the idea of us / our not helping at all. I dont mind Jane buying another one.注：如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是表示無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，或不定注：如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是表示無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，或不定代詞，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格，如：代詞，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格，如： Is there any hope of your team winning the match? The boy was alarmed by someone knocking at the door.27v_ sailing on the sea is not imagined.vA. Tom vB. TomsvThis leads to _ (the river) _ (pollute)28 動(dòng)名詞的一般形式通常表示一般性動(dòng)作（即不是明確地在過(guò)去動(dòng)名詞的一般形式通常表示一般性動(dòng)作（即不是明確地在過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）或是與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）或是與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如：作，如：They are all interested in climbi