中考英語復習--寫作訓練全講解

1、英語英語寫作訓練寫作訓練 Beginning（topic sentence 主題句主題句) Middle Ending Concluding sentence 結論句結論句Supporting sentence 支持句支持句例子、實事、數(shù)據(jù)或引文例子、實事、數(shù)據(jù)或引文 采用采用“總分總分總總”的寫作的寫作方式方式 即先即先概括總述，概括總述，再分述再分述 最后再總述。最后再總述。 總述總述分述分述1 分述分述2 分述分述3總述總述1. 定內容定內容, 不折不扣。不折不扣。2.定時態(tài)，定時態(tài)， 世態(tài)前后呼應。記敘文、日世態(tài)前后呼應。記敘文、日記一般用一般過去時；說明文、通知、記一般用一般過去時；

2、說明文、通知、布告、介紹等用一般現(xiàn)在時；計劃等布告、介紹等用一般現(xiàn)在時；計劃等用一般將來時。用一般將來時。3.定人稱，用第一人稱親近自然；用第定人稱，用第一人稱親近自然；用第三人稱客觀真實。三人稱客觀真實。4.定句型、定詞語；應依據(jù)內容。應該定句型、定詞語；應依據(jù)內容。應該先定句型后定詞語。先定句型后定詞語。盡量使用簡單句，如果復合句用不好盡量使用簡單句，如果復合句用不好就不要用，文章算不上完美，但很實就不要用，文章算不上完美，但很實用。要牢記用。要牢記 “避繁就簡避繁就簡”原則。當原則。當然長句短句交叉使用最好。然長句短句交叉使用最好。把握要點，避免遺漏，注意發(fā)揮適度把握要點，避免遺漏，注意

3、發(fā)揮適度既不要多寫也不要少寫。既不要多寫也不要少寫。注意句子與句子、段與段之間過渡自注意句子與句子、段與段之間過渡自然，行文連貫，注意適當使用連詞，然，行文連貫，注意適當使用連詞，例如：例如：and ,so ,or, but, become, Whats more; What worse, not onlybut also, neithernor 等等。等等。再有學生語文水平的滑坡，使得英語再有學生語文水平的滑坡，使得英語老師不得不帶領學生完成寫作內容的老師不得不帶領學生完成寫作內容的挖掘。挖掘。 選詞：選詞：普通的敘述文或短文，應普通的敘述文或短文，應該選擇簡潔、樸實、準確的大眾化該選擇簡潔

4、、樸實、準確的大眾化詞語，避免使用矯飾、復雜、故弄詞語，避免使用矯飾、復雜、故弄玄虛的詞，并盡可能挑選積極的動玄虛的詞，并盡可能挑選積極的動詞。詞。 措辭：措辭：能寫出樹的具體名稱能寫出樹的具體名稱an apple tree, 就不要使用就不要使用tree; 能說能說清具體數(shù)字時，就不要使用清具體數(shù)字時，就不要使用some;知道是某種專門的活動，就不要使知道是某種專門的活動，就不要使用用do去描述，詞意越具體，越能給去描述，詞意越具體，越能給讀者鮮明的印象。讀者鮮明的印象。 1.開頭常用詞語：開頭常用詞語： as far as we know 據(jù)我們所知據(jù)我們所知 as everybody k

5、nows 眾所周知眾所周知at present 目前目前 first of all 首先首先 To tell the truth 老實說老實說1.結尾常用詞語：結尾常用詞語： after all 畢竟畢竟at last 最后最后in a word 總而言之總而言之finally, 最后最后we hope that 我們希望我們希望 In short 簡言之簡言之clearly 顯然顯然 補充說明補充說明 for example, besides，In addition(此外），此外）， Whats worse! Whats more! Worst of all. 轉折轉折 however, y

6、et, but 原因原因 thanks to, because of 結果結果 as result of , so ，sothat范文范文2：I m pleased to write to ask for some help. I want to tell you some problems we meet in English study. First， some of us arent interested in English. They think studying English is such a boring thing to do. And then Its so diffic

7、ult for us to remember all the words in the texts. So lots of us dont have enough confidence to keep up English study . And we are always afraid to join in the group discussion. Whats more, there are so many new words we hadnt meet before in the passage. I dont know what to do. Sometimes we cant und

8、erstand the main idea, let alone answer the questions about them. But the most difficult thing is to write. We often use wrong words and sentences. Can you help us ? How can we improve our English? Please give us some useful advice. Thank you very much. Write to me soon. Yours Fang Hua 信息點是珠子，承接詞是線，

9、用線信息點是珠子，承接詞是線，用線把珠子串連起來就是一條熠熠生輝、把珠子串連起來就是一條熠熠生輝、優(yōu)雅華貴的項鏈。單獨看某一方就優(yōu)雅華貴的項鏈。單獨看某一方就成為一條破繩子，一堆爛珠子。成為一條破繩子，一堆爛珠子。如何寫好好人好事的結尾如何寫好好人好事的結尾 be proud of speak highly of follow ones example come true1.寫這類作文要求同學們先審題，弄清圖示寫這類作文要求同學們先審題，弄清圖示情境中的故事梗概。審題的內涵較廣，不情境中的故事梗概。審題的內涵較廣，不僅只對作文題的審視，也包括審視寫作提僅只對作文題的審視，也包括審視寫作提示詞、

10、主題句、圖以及對作文字數(shù)的要求。示詞、主題句、圖以及對作文字數(shù)的要求。審題一旦出現(xiàn)偏誤，就會審題一旦出現(xiàn)偏誤，就會“差之毫厘，謬差之毫厘，謬以千里以千里”。大部分同學不會寫作，主要原。大部分同學不會寫作，主要原因是不會審題因是不會審題, 通過審題，通過審題， 抓取有效信息。抓取有效信息。考題在描述上是有限定的，考題在描述上是有限定的， 發(fā)表看法及發(fā)表看法及感想是自由發(fā)揮的。感想是自由發(fā)揮的。 在日常生活中你主動幫助你的父母做家務在日常生活中你主動幫助你的父母做家務活嗎？請你根據(jù)提示用英語寫一篇活嗎？請你根據(jù)提示用英語寫一篇80字左字左右的短文，右的短文，描述描述你平時所作家務以及你對你平時所作

11、家務以及你對家務的家務的看法看法。提示：提示：1.扔垃圾扔垃圾 2. 掃地掃地 3. 幫助媽媽做飯幫助媽媽做飯 4.洗衣服洗衣服 5. 為花澆水為花澆水 6. 飯后洗碗飯后洗碗要求：語句通暢，語法正確。要求：語句通暢，語法正確。 不得逐句翻譯。不得逐句翻譯。 AS we all know, Its important to help parents do housework during our daily life. I often help them do housework. I throw the rubbish away and clean the floor in the morn

12、ing. I help my mother cook the lunch . I always wash clothes for my family. My parents are very happy. Besides, Watering the flowers is also my duty. I like them very much and take good care of them. After supper, I always wash dishes . I think it can make my parents feel more enjoyable after work.

13、In a word, the more housework I do, the happier my parents will be.（即總括又闡（即總括又闡明看法）明看法） 日前日前,由教育部由教育部,國家體育總局國家體育總局,共青團共青團中央聯(lián)合舉辦中央聯(lián)合舉辦“全國億萬少年陽光體全國億萬少年陽光體育運動育運動” 啟動儀式啟動儀式,其影響巨大其影響巨大,意義意義深遠深遠.你你在本校在本校參加了此項活動參加了此項活動,請根據(jù)請根據(jù)表格中所給表格中所給信息信息寫一篇英語短文寫一篇英語短文.內容內容感想感想1.學校師生收看了啟動學校師生收看了啟動儀式儀式;2.開展了一個小時的集開展了一個小時的集

14、體體育活動體體育活動,如如;跑步跑步,做做操操,打籃球等打籃球等1.鍛煉有利于強鍛煉有利于強健身體健身體;2. 運動使大腦休運動使大腦休息息,學習效率更高學習效率更高.3. 每天鍛煉一小每天鍛煉一小時時,幸福生活一輩幸福生活一輩子子.注意注意:詞數(shù)詞數(shù)80100 個左右個左右.2.短文的開頭已為你寫好短文的開頭已為你寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)不計入總詞數(shù).3.短文須包括所有內容要點短文須包括所有內容要點,但不要逐句但不要逐句 翻譯翻譯,可適當加入細節(jié)可適當加入細節(jié),可適度發(fā)揮可適度發(fā)揮,使使 短文通順短文通順,連貫連貫.4. 文中不得使用真實姓名文中不得使用真實姓名,校名校名.參考詞匯：參考詞匯：th

15、e launching ceremony 啟動儀式啟動儀式build up ones body strength 強身健體強身健體More effective 效果更好效果更好 “Millions of young students nationwide sports sunshine” launched on April 29, 2007.The teachers and students in our school were organized to watch the launching ceremony . After that, all of us went to the playg

16、round. We had different kinds of sports that we liked for an hour. Some took part in running, some played basketball and football, and some did exercises. We enjoyed doing sports so much that we all forgot the time. We really had a good time. Doing sports is very good for us. It helps to build up ou

17、r body strength, Besides, our brains can have a good rest after doing sports. So our study can be more effective. So why not join us ? Doing sports an hour everyday, you can have a happier and better life.講評講評: 該文結構嚴謹該文結構嚴謹, 思維清晰思維清晰,在內容及在內容及感想間使用了不同的時態(tài)感想間使用了不同的時態(tài);一般過去時一般過去時及一般現(xiàn)在時及一般現(xiàn)在時,發(fā)揮適度發(fā)揮適度,長句短

18、句交叉長句短句交叉使用使用,句式賦于變化句式賦于變化,用詞得體用詞得體,有很強有很強的可讀性的可讀性, 文章的開頭與結尾相互呼應文章的開頭與結尾相互呼應,渾然一體渾然一體,使主體得以升華使主體得以升華.做到了做到了naturally and clearly.假如你叫小明。下面的圖畫講述了假如你叫小明。下面的圖畫講述了你你和一位男孩在和一位男孩在上周一上周一發(fā)生的事情。請根據(jù)圖畫寫出一篇發(fā)生的事情。請根據(jù)圖畫寫出一篇日記日記。日。日記的開頭已經(jīng)給出記的開頭已經(jīng)給出Go to schoolSaw fall offCarry to Visit withBe fine thank Who was ly

19、ing on the ground? What happened to the boy? When did it happen? Where did it happen? Why did it happen? How was the boy?Monday June 2, 2008Fine Last Monday, I went to school in the morning._Not at all. I just did what I should do .”把好人好事做到底把好人好事做到底Monday June2, 2008 Fine Last Monday, I went to scho

20、ol in the morning. When I was at the school gate, I saw a boy fell off his bike and lie on the road. He was badly hurt and couldnt move, so I carried him to the hospital. When he was in hospital, I visited him with some flowers and he was very happy. After he was fine, he came to the school and said

21、 to me, Thank you very much, Xiao Ming. I said, Not at all. I just did something that I should do.Though we didnt see the film, we were happy. After all we did Sth kind. Sth right 要記住喲要記住喲 英語有一句名言英語有一句名言“Originality is always better than imitation”有創(chuàng)見比模仿好。有創(chuàng)見比模仿好。 但對于英語的初學者來說應該反過來說更但對于英語的初學者來說應該反過來說

22、更好，即好，即“模仿比創(chuàng)見好。模仿比創(chuàng)見好?！狈聦懣墒箤W生仿寫可使學生盡快入道，盡快入道， 可以進行段落仿寫，課文仿可以進行段落仿寫，課文仿寫寫 甚至于經(jīng)典句子的仿寫。甚至于經(jīng)典句子的仿寫。 例如新標準英語九年級上例如新標準英語九年級上Page 34有這樣有這樣一句話：一句話： Im looking forward to this.(仿寫仿寫1) Im looking forward to hearing from you. (信尾使用）信尾使用）(仿寫仿寫2) Im looking forward to your reply. (仿寫仿寫3) I look forward to the su

23、mmer holiday.例如；例如；1.Jack came home at 7am yesterday.-Jack didnt came home until 7am yesterday.2. We are good friends. We should help each other. ( good)-We are good friends and we should help each other. (better)-As we are good friends , we should help each other. ( best)3. I was careless. I lost a

24、 bag on the ground. (good )-I was careless and lost a bag on the ground. (better) -I was so careless that I lost a bag on the ground. (best)1.寫一篇是一篇，寫一篇是一篇， 寫文章的過程是不斷修改寫文章的過程是不斷修改提高的過程，提高的過程， 學生寫好后，先相互修改，學生寫好后，先相互修改，然后再交給老師修改。在批改作文時，教然后再交給老師修改。在批改作文時，教師把學生的作文共性的問題做筆錄，為全師把學生的作文共性的問題做筆錄，為全班講評。班講評。2. 請

25、三位好中差典型的同學利用課間把作文請三位好中差典型的同學利用課間把作文抄寫在黑板上，進行集體講評，這樣達成抄寫在黑板上，進行集體講評，這樣達成雙向交流評語，避免有些同學看不懂老師雙向交流評語，避免有些同學看不懂老師的評語。的評語。3. 考前強化訓練是非常必要的，平時沒考前強化訓練是非常必要的，平時沒有這么多的精力練寫作，借助考試這有這么多的精力練寫作，借助考試這股東風，提高寫作水平，絕不是搞突股東風，提高寫作水平，絕不是搞突擊，走形式，玩技巧，拿個高分完事。擊，走形式，玩技巧，拿個高分完事。練習基礎的知識，為寫作鋪路搭橋，練習基礎的知識，為寫作鋪路搭橋，如重新組合句子，刪除多余的句子，如重新組

26、合句子，刪除多余的句子，加過渡句，寫主題句等等。加過渡句，寫主題句等等。4. 學生不寫作文老師著急，學生寫了作文，學生不寫作文老師著急，學生寫了作文，老師更著急，批改作文的速度遠遠慢于學老師更著急，批改作文的速度遠遠慢于學生寫作的速度?？记袄蠋煿ぷ髁亢艽螅@生寫作的速度?？记袄蠋煿ぷ髁亢艽螅@時我就采用學生限時寫作，寫完后再聽寫時我就采用學生限時寫作，寫完后再聽寫范文，最后學生對照兩篇文章，自我修改，范文，最后學生對照兩篇文章，自我修改，再收上來，我們的工作量大減，同時學生再收上來，我們的工作量大減，同時學生也知道怎樣寫好作文。也知道怎樣寫好作文。1.統(tǒng)一批改符號統(tǒng)一批改符號，例如：例如： 刪

27、除刪除 插入插入 替代替代 佳句佳句 句子不通暢句子不通暢Look the book read 對學生口語中錯誤不必對學生口語中錯誤不必“見錯就糾見錯就糾”，但學生作文中差錯，均應全部糾正，但學生作文中差錯，均應全部糾正， 這時因為書面語言具有永久性，人們這時因為書面語言具有永久性，人們對書面語差錯的容忍度總是小于對口對書面語差錯的容忍度總是小于對口語中差錯的容忍度，另一方面，書面語中差錯的容忍度，另一方面，書面語中的差錯得不到糾正，就會在口語語中的差錯得不到糾正，就會在口語中再現(xiàn)。中再現(xiàn)。 糾錯小到標點符號，大到文章結構，糾錯小到標點符號，大到文章結構，邏輯次序，語序等等。比如英語中沒邏輯次

28、序，語序等等。比如英語中沒有頓號；省略號是三個點有頓號；省略號是三個點“” 而不是而不是漢語的六個點漢語的六個點“”； 再有冒號，中再有冒號，中文里用冒號的地方，英語中常常用逗文里用冒號的地方，英語中常常用逗號；英語里句號是實心點，漢語里的號；英語里句號是實心點，漢語里的句號空心點。句號空心點。 Dear editor, When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have differen

29、t opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wastes money. They say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay with their parents. 25% of the students think it is bette

30、r to rent room if their parents have the money. They believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the time from where to live to the exam site. And their parents can help them study better if they stay with them. Yours， Li LeiTask IDiscussion: What do you think

31、of the composition? Are there any problems?Dear editor,When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have different opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wast

32、es money. hold the viewis a waste ofadd toThey say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay with their parentsadd tohas little connection 25% of the students think it is better to rent room if their parents have the money. T

33、hey believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the time from where to live to the exam site. And their parents can help them study better if they stay with them. believe can affordadapted tourge them toefficiently 抓住大分，再爭取小分抓住大分，再爭取小分 ；錦上添花。；錦上添花。 只抓小分只抓小分,放棄大

34、分放棄大分;竹籃打水一場空竹籃打水一場空 寫作寫作難難在堅持，在堅持，成成在堅持。在堅持。大家要下苦功夫，大家要下苦功夫，更要用巧功夫更要用巧功夫上海中考英語作文題:Im proud of myself1、What kind of person are you?2、What makes you proud of yourself(Give an example/examples)3、Why are you proud of yourself?范文： I am a boy of less confidence. I always hate running .But as we all know,

35、 the students of Grade nine have to take part in the sports exam. At that moment, I just wanted to give up .but my parents encouraged me: “Impossible is nothing, ” “you could challenge yourself!” so with the encouragement of them，,I tried my best to run and insisted on running. When I got to the fin

36、ishing line ,I felt proud of myself,though I didnt get the good mark, I knew ,I won. I created a miracle for myself and I was so proud of myself!(以“I want to do something for my school（我想為學校做一件事）” 為題寫篇不少于60個詞的短文，標點符號不占格。）（注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的姓名、校名及其他相關信息，否則不予評分。） 學生習作1I want to make school clean. You may think it is very simple. But I dont think so. Our teacher said, School is your home, you should keep it clean. But I have nev