專四語法練習

1、Ex291.Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city's greenspace.A. inefficientB. inaccurateC. inadequateD. indispensable2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper it' closely.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. being followedSince both he and I work in the same hospital

2、, I can hardly avoid him.A. being met B. meeting C. to be met D. to meet4. Since he lied to me, he will never persuade me hissincerity or truthfulness.A. of B. for C. in D. at5. Since he was involved in the case, the court his appearance.A. requested B. asked C. required D. solicited6. Since it is s

3、uch a sunny day, we might to the suburb for a picnic.A. as well as goB. as well as to goC. as well goD. as well to go7. Since the; groundis wet,it lastnight.A. must have rained B.mustbe rainingC. must rainD. had-rained8. Since we can't hear you at the back of the hall, you'll hav e to your v

4、oice.A. increase B. liftC. raiseD. speak up9. Small boys are questioners. They ask questions all thetime.A. originalB. imaginativeC. peculiarD. persistent10. Smoking is not here.A. promisedB. performed C. AllowedD. let11. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary for

5、reasoning.A. resourceB. resolutionC. requirement D. response12. Some animals adjust themselves their environment by instinct.A. toB. inC. from D. toward13. Some areas, the severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A. owing toB. in spite ofC. but forD. withregard to14.Some companies' have i

6、ntroduced flexible working time with less emphas is on pressure .A. than more on efficiencyB. and more efficiencyC. and more on efficiencyD. than efficiency.15.Some of the most important concepts in physics _ their succes s to these mathematical systemsA. oblige B. contributeC. devote D. attribute16

7、. Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't so much noise.A. resistB. sustain C. tolerateD. undergo17. Some people are to jump to haste conclusions.A. inclinedB. inclusiveC. inadequate D. incapable18. Some people criticizefamily doctors fortoo many medi11cines for minor illness

8、es.A. prescribing iveringB. orderingC. advisingD. del19. Some people either avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.A. violentlyB. enthusiasticallyC. sincerelyD.deliberately20.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a ca use-and-effect relationship between p

9、assive smoking and cancer remains.A. to be shown B. to have shown C. to have been shownD. being shown21.Some scientists there is no life on Mars, but no one has got definite conclusion yet.A. judgeB. proveC. assume D. conclude22. Somehow , he managed to get a well-paid job in the bank.A. or soB. or

10、otherC. or elseD. or more23. Someone must have left the tap on, water was runningover and flooding the bathroom.A. thereforeB. forC. neverthelessD. moreover24.Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by "drugs" that aren't really drugs at all sugar pills that contain

11、 no active chemical elements.A. or ratherB. rather than C. but ratherD.other than25. Sometimes theytheir students' poor comprehension to alack of intelligence.A.onsiderdistributeB.attributeC.contributeD. c26.Sometimesveryyoungchildrenhavetroublefact fromfictionand maybelievethatsuchthingsactuall

12、yexist.A.for separatingB.to separateC.havingseparatedD. separating1. C） inadequate 意為“不充足的”，如：The supply is inadequate to meet the demand. 供不應求。inefficient 意為 “效率低的”， 如： A machine that uses too much power is inefficient. 用電過多的機器效率低。而inaccurate 作“不精確的，不精密的”講，如：The thermometer is inaccurate. 這個溫度計不準。i

13、ndispensable 意為“必不可少的，必需的” ，如：Air ，food and water are indispensable to life. 空氣、食物和水是維持生命所必需 的。2. B）該題旨在考查非謂語動詞中的獨立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。一般情況下，分詞作狀語時，應與句子的主語存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系（主謂或動賓關(guān)系），否則分詞就須有自己的主語或邏輯賓語，來構(gòu)成“名詞或代詞十分詞”的獨立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，用來表示原因、時間、條件、方式或伴隨情況等，如：The experiment being over ，thestudents begantheir discussion. 做完實驗后，學生們開始討論。No

14、bodyhavinganymore to say， themeeting was closed. 大家都沒有什么可說的了，會議也就結(jié)束了。由此可見，B）是最佳選擇。英語語法要求在同一個句號前，不允許存在兩個既不是并列關(guān)系，也不是從屬關(guān)系的句子，故A）不正確。 “名詞十不定式”雖然也是一種復合結(jié)構(gòu)，但它表示將來，如： Here are the first two volumesthe third one to come out next month. 這兒是頭兩卷，第三卷下月出版。可 見 C)也不正確。D)是分詞的被動語態(tài)，不符合題意。3. B) avoid 作“避免”講。后面不能跟動詞不定式，

15、只能跟名詞或動名詞作賓語，故C)和D)錯誤。又由于句子主語I和動詞meet在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，故應使用主動形式的動名詞，因此 B)是正確的。4. A) persuadesb of sth 是固定搭配，意為“使某人相信某事”，如：No one could persuade him of what she said 沒有人可以使他相信她的話。for ， in 和 at 都不能和動詞persuade 搭配。5. C) require 意為“要求，命令”，為一正式用語，如：They required that the right to vote be given to every adult 他們要求

16、每一位成年人都應該賦予選舉權(quán)。request 意為“懇求，請求”，含有客氣的意味，如：They requested us for the attendance 他們請求我們出席。ask 意為“請求，要求” ，是一個普通用詞，指某人對要求的事期望得到答復，如：She asked him for of a favor 她請他幫忙。solicit 作“請求，要求”講，是正式用語，指畢恭畢敬地、認認真真地請求，如：They are soliciting funds for a new hospital 他們申請基金用來建一座新醫(yī) 院。6. C) may (might) as well do sth .

17、用來表示委婉地提出建議，意為“不妨 ,最好”如：You might as well tell me the truth .你不妨把真相告訴我。7. A) must have done 用來表示對過去某動作的肯定推測，如：He must have been to England for he knows so much about that count ry .他一定去過英國，因為他了解那么多有關(guān)那個國家的事情。因此A)正確。8. C) raiseone s voice 是固定搭配，意為“提高聲音，提高嗓音”，如：He raised his voiceso that everyonecould

18、hear him 他提高聲音，以便大家都能聽見。increase 意為“增加，增多”，一般后跟比較具體的東西，如：toincreaseproduction and practice econolift中意為“舉起，抬起”，forme tolift 這箱子太重，我很不動。speak upFactories must do everything my.工廠必須采取一切措施增產(chǎn)節(jié)約。 如 : This box is too heavy 意為“大膽地說”，如：about the bush like that C)是正確答案。You'd better speak up and not go be

19、ating 你最好爽爽快快地說出來，不要這樣拐彎抹角。由此可見9. D) persistent 意為“堅持不懈的，執(zhí)意的”，例今天早上他又打如： He phoned again this morning. He's very persistent.電話了。他就是不肯罷休。original 意為“獨創(chuàng)的”，例如： He won an award for the most original design 他因設計最富獨創(chuàng)性而獲了獎。imaginative 意為“富有想像力的”，例is a reflection of the real world 一切peculiar 意為“特殊的，獨特的”

20、，例way of organizing the meeting 他主持會議如： All imaginative creation有想像力的創(chuàng)作都是真實世界的反映。如： He has his own peculiar有自己獨特的方式。The ingredientsof the ice cream sold in his restaurant are very pe culiar 他餐館里出售的冰淇淋的配料很特殊。10. C） promise 作“允諾，答應”講，一般不用于被動語態(tài)，如：I promised him to attend to the matter promptly 我答應他立即處理

21、這件事。 perform 作“履行，執(zhí)行”講，如；Dr Smith performed the operation 史密斯大夫做的這一手術(shù)。let 為使役動詞，要求跟復合賓語（即“賓語十賓語補足語”） 。需要注意的是，作賓語補足語的動詞不定式不能帶to ，如： Let them do their worst ！讓他們把最兇惡的絕招都使出來吧！allow 作 “允許， 準許” 講， 在非正式英語中較為常見，在被動句中可以用人作主語，也可以用動名詞作主語，如：Talking isnotallowedinlibrary圖書室里禁止交談。又如：Peoplearenotallowedtosmokeher

22、e.這里不允許吸煙。因此只有C）為正確答案。11. C） requirement 意為“要求，必要條件”，如：There are two requirements for successors 對接班人有兩個要求。而resource意為“資源，謀略”，如：We must exploit the natural resources of our country 我們必須開發(fā)本國的 天然資源。resolution 作 “決心， 決議” 講， 如： He is a man of great resolution 他是一位有決心的人。response 意為“反應，回答”，如：My letter of

23、inquiry brought no response 我去信詢問，卻沒有得到回音。12. A adjust意為“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)，使 適應”，后常跟介詞to作為搭配，如：These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child 這 些桌椅的高度可根據(jù)兒童的身高調(diào)節(jié)。13. A) owing to 意為 “因為 由于” ， 如： owing to the rain the match wascanceled .因為下雨，比賽取消了。 in spite of意為“雖然,不愿，盡管仍“，表示讓步，如 : They went on w

24、orking in the field in spite of the rain 盡管下雨了，他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)在田間勞動。but for 意為 “若不，除非”，用來表示“假如某事沒有發(fā)生，就”的概念，如： But for the storm ,I would have been home before 8 o'clock 要不是這場暴風雨，我八點以前就已經(jīng)回到家里了。with regard to 意為“關(guān)于”，如： With regard to your request for an additional assistant, I can only say at this stage th

25、at It's being considered 關(guān)于你要求再增加一名助手的們題，現(xiàn)在我只能說正在考慮。所以根據(jù)題意應選A) 。14. C)用比較連詞than所連接的比較成分要求保持語法成分的一致性，即所比較的 成分應該是同類事物或同類概念，例如：No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any on e country , nowhere is thismore true than in Europe.現(xiàn)在能夠?qū)τ嬎銠C技術(shù)做出頁獻的已經(jīng)不再局限于某一個國家了，這一點在歐洲比在其他任何地方都明顯。He

26、is more diligent than clever 與其說他聰明不如說他勤 奮 She was more frightened than hurt 與其說她受了傷害不如說她受了驚 嚇 She is more a businessman than a doctor 與其說她是個醫(yī)生不如說她是位 商人。 需要注意的是，下面兩個例句中的比較狀語由于分別使用了主格代詞和賓格代詞，因而所表達的意義是不一樣的：You hate him as much as me.你恨他就像恨我一樣。You hate him as much as I 你很他就像我恨他一樣?！?5.D) attributesth. t

27、o意為“把歸功于”，如:He attributedhis success to hardwork 他認為他的成功是努力的結(jié)果oblige表示“使感激”，常用于被動語態(tài)，如：I'm much obliged to you.我對你非常感激。 contribute sth. to sb.表示“把捐贈給"或“把奉獻給”，contribute to sth.作“對有貢獻，有助于”講，如： The exchange Of goodwill missions greatly contributes to a bette r understanding between the two cou

28、ntries 互派友好代表團大大促進了兩國間的相互了解。devote oneself to 意為“獻身于”， devote 后一般跟反身代詞作賓語，如：Premier Zhou Enlai devotedhimself to the cause of socialist construction of Chinese people 周恩來總理獻身于中國人民的社會主義建設事業(yè)。通過以上分析可看出，只有D）為正確答案。16. C） tolerate 意為 “容忍， 忍受， 容許” ， 表示以自我克制的態(tài)度來對待令人厭惡、反感的東西，如： I can't tolerate her bad m

29、anners any longer 我再也不能忍受她那無禮的態(tài)度了。resist 意為“抵抗，反抗，抵制”，表示站在對立面反對，強調(diào)積極主動地為制止外力或干擾而進行的反抗，如：The seawall cannot resist the force of thewaves 防波堤無法抵擋海浪的力量。 sustain 意為“供養(yǎng)，維持，支持”，如：There isn't enough oxygen to sustain life 沒有足夠的氧氣來維持生命。 undergo 意為“經(jīng)歷，遭受”，如：The old worker underwent much suffering before

30、liberation 解放前這位老工人遭受了許多苦難。由此可見，正確答案只能是C） 。17. A） inclined意為“傾向于的，有意向的“，如：I a inclined toagree withyou 我傾向于同意你。inclusive意為“包括的”，如： The monthly rent is 15 yuan， inclusive of light and water. 每月租 金 15 元，包括水電在內(nèi)。inadequate 意為“不充足的，不適合的”，如：The supply is wholly inadequate to meet thedemand.完全供不應求。incapabl

31、e 意為“無能的，不會的”，如： He is incapable of telling a lie 他不會扯謊。18. A） prescribe 意為“開藥方”，符合題意，如：The doctor prescribed a new medicine for the pain in my joints 醫(yī)生 為我開了一帖治關(guān)節(jié)病的新藥方。其余三個動詞order （命令） ， advise （建議）和 deliver （遞送）均不合題意。19. D) deliberately 意為“故意地”，如： He did it deliberately么做的。而violently 意為“猛烈地，激烈地”，如

32、：The robbers attacked the innocents violently 搶劫犯猛烈地襲擊無辜的人。enthusiastically 作“熱心地，熱情地”講，如：He always helps others enthusiastically 他總是熱心助人。sincerely 作“真誠地，誠懇地”講，如： I am sincerely grateful 我衷心地感激。20. A） remain意為“依然；繼續(xù)存在"，remain to do意為"仍然是 ”，例如： Their object remains to investigate the matter

33、 thoroughly 他們的目的仍然是徹底調(diào)查這一事件。remain to be done 結(jié)構(gòu)意為“某事有待去做”，例如： Many problems remain to be settled .許多問題有待解決。由此可見D）錯誤。由于 relationship 和show是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，因此該不定式應該使用被動語態(tài)，所 以B）錯誤。由于remain后的不定式是仍然未發(fā)出的動作，故不能使用完成體，所以C）錯誤。21. C） assume作“假定，設想”講，符合題意。judge （判斷，裁決），prove （證明）和 conclude （總結(jié)，得出結(jié)論）均不符合題意。22. B） or ot

34、her 常與someone， something ， somehow， somewhere， someday， sometime等連用表示說話者對所說的事情不十分肯定，如：I shall be coming again sometime or other 有一天我還會回來的。其他三個選項均沒有這種習慣搭配。23. B） for 是并列連詞，連接兩個并列分句，與because 引導的原因狀語從句所不同的是： because 后跟的是“原因（ cause） ”，主句表示的是“結(jié)果（ effect ） ”； for 后的分 句則是另一分句內(nèi)容的一個可能的結(jié)果（ a possible effect o

35、f the content of theother clause ） ，如：The day breaks for the birds are singing 天亮了，因為鳥兒已在啁啾了。而therefore ， nevertheless 和 moreover 均是副詞，不能引導句子。24. C) but rather 常與 not 連用，"not but rather "表示"不是 而是“，例如；What they wanted was not money but rather books 他們想要的不是金錢而是書。They did not play soccer but rather basketball 他們沒有踢足球而是打籃球。rather than