公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解

1、公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔公共英語三級閱讀題和答案StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesthatencouragedtheemergenceoffeministmovements,havethoroughlyinvestigatedthemid-nineteenth-centuryAmericaneconomicandsocialconditionthataffectedthestatusofwomen.Thesehistorians,however,haveanalyzedlessfullyth

2、edevelopmentofspecificallyfeministideasandactivitiesduringthesameperiod.Furthermore,theideologicaloriginsoffeminismintheUnitedStatehavebeenobscuredbecause,evenwhenhistoriansdidtakeintoaccountthosefeministideasandactivitiesoccurringwithintheUnitedStates,theyfailedtorecognizethatfeminismwasthenatrulyi

3、nternationalmovementactuallycenteredinEurope.Americanfeministactivistswhohavebeendescribedasasolitary"andaindividualtheorists"wereinrealityconnectedtoamovement-utopiansocialism-whichwasalreadypopularizingfeministideasinEuropeduringthetwodecadesthatculminatedinthefirstwomen'srightsconfe

4、renceheldatSenecaFalls,NewYork,in1848.Thus,acompleteunderstandingoftheoriginsanddevelopmentofnineteenth-centuryfeminismintheUnitedStatesrequiresthatthegeographicalfocusbewidenedtoincludeEuropeandthatthedetailedstudyalreadymadeofsocialconditionsbeexpandedtoincludetheideologicaldevelopmentoffeminism.T

5、heearliestandmostpopularoftheutopiansocialistsweretheSaint-Simonians.ThespecificallyfeministpartofSaint-Simonianismhas,however,beenlessstudiedthanthegroupscontributiontoearlysocialism.Thisisregrettableontwocounts.By1832feminismwasthecentralconcernofSaint-Simonianismandentirelyabsorbeditsadherentsene

6、rgy;hence,byignoringitsfeminism,EuropeanhistorianshavemisunderstoodSaint-Simonianism.Moreover,sincemanyfeministideascanbetracedtosaint-simonianismEuropeanhistoriansappreciationoflaterfeminisminFranceandtheUnitedStatesremainedlimited.Saint-Simon'sfollowers,manyofwhomwerewomen,basedtheirfeminismon

7、aninterpretationofhisprojecttoreorganizetheglobebyreplacingbruteforcewiththeruleofspiritualpowers.Thenewworldorderwouldberuledtogetherbyamale,torepresentreflection,andafemale,torepresentsentiment.Thiscomplementarityreflectsthefactthat,whiletheSaint-Simoniansdidnotrejectthebeliefthattherewereinnatedi

8、fferencesbetweenmenandwomen,theyneverthelessforesawanequallyimportantsocialandpoliticalroleforbothsexesintheirutopia.ofbothsexeswerebornOnlyafewSaint-Simoniansopposedadefinitionofsexualequalitybasedongenderdistinction.Thisminoritybelievethatindividuals文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔similarincapacityandcharac

9、ter,andtheyascribedmale-femaledifferencestosocializationandeducation.Theenvisionedresultofbothcurrentsofthought,however,wasthatwomenwouldenterpubliclifeinthenewageandthatsexualequalitywouldrewardmenaswellaswomenwithanimprovedwayoflife.1. Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorconsiderthosehistorianswhodescribe

10、earlyfeministsintheUnitedStatesassolitary"tobeA insufficientlyfamiliarwiththeinternationaloriginsofnineteenth-centuryAmericanfeministthought.B overlyconcernedwiththeregionaldiversityoffeministideasintheperiodbefore1848.C notfocusednarrowlyenoughintheirgeographicalscope.D insufficientlyawareofth

11、eideologicalconsequencesoftheSenecaFallsconference.2. TheauthorsattitudetowardEuropeanhistorianswhohavestudiedtheSaint-SimoniansisprimarilyoneofA approvalofthespecificfocusoftheirresearch.B disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontotheissuethatabsorbedmostoftheSaint-Simonians'energyafter1832.C approval

12、oftheirgeneralfocusonsocialconditions.D disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontolinksbetweentheSaint-SimoniansandtheirAmericancounterparts.3. TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingascharacteristicoftheSaint-SimoniansEXCEPTA Thegroupincludedmanywomenamongitsmembers.B Thegroupbelievedinaworldthatwouldbecharact

13、erizedbysexualequality.C ThegroupwasamongtheearliestEuropeansocialistgroups.envisionedautopianD Mostmembersbelievedthatwomenandmenwereinherentlysimilarinabilityandcharacter.4. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheSaint-Simonianssocietyhavingwhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?A Itwouldbeworldwide.B Itwou

14、ldemphasizedogmaticreligiousprinciples.C ItwouldmostinfluencetheUnitedStates.D Itwouldhavearmiescomposedofwomenratherthanofmen.5. Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostaccurate文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔descriptionofthesocietyenvisionedbymostSaint-Simonians?A Asocietyinwhichwomenwerehighlyr

15、egardedfortheirextensiveeducation.B Asocietyinwhichthetwogendersplayedcomplementaryrolesandhadequalstatus.C Asocietyinwhichwomendidnotenterpubliclife.D Asocialorderinwhichabodyofmenandwomenwouldruletogetheronthebasisoftheirspiritualpower.1 .【答案】A【考點剖析】此題是一道標點符號題。經過此題題干中的“solitary一詞可將此題的答案信息中心確定在第一段第

16、十行即第一段第四句話，經過仔細閱讀和理解本句話以及本句前后的兩句話，可以得出此題的正確選項Ao其實美國的女權主義運動者其實不“孤單（solitary）,因為她們的思想和行動是和歐洲大陸的女權主義者有著千絲萬縷的聯系，是國際女權運動的一局部?？忌诮忸}時要善于理解標點符號，更要善于對原文的細節(jié)進行推導。2 .【答案】B【考點剖析】此題是一道細節(jié)推導題。依照此題題干中的“Europeanhistorians"可將此題的答案信息本源迅速確定在第二段第四句，經過閱讀本句分號前后的內容，可以推導出作者的態(tài)度可否認的，其否認原因是第二段第四句分號前半局部所表達的內容。此題的正確答案應該是B?？忌?/p>

17、在解題時必然要注意原文細節(jié)的推導，特別是分句之間存在因果關系的時候。3 .【答案】D【考點剖析】這是一道歸納推導題。但是此題的題干確沒有明確給出此題在原文中的準確信息本源。這時考生就會迷失答題思路。請同學們必然要記?。好慨斪约好允Т痤}思路時，必然要多想一想全文的中心主旨句和每段的主題句，這會幫助考生搜尋到解題的思路。此題的正確答案應該是D,因為選項D所表達的內容和本文尾段第一、二句所表達的內容相反。選項A、B、C的內容分別在第三段第一句、第三段第二句以及第二段首句涉及。考生在解題時必然要牢記段落主題句。4 .【答案】A【考點剖析】這是一道審題定位題。今后題題干中的“envisioned（設想，

18、料想）一詞可將此題的答案信息本源迅速確定在倒數第二段第一句和第二句，因為倒數第二段第一句含有“project（方案，規(guī)劃）一詞，倒數第二段第二句含有表示未來的“would"一詞。經過仔細閱讀倒數第二段的第一、二句話，發(fā)現這兩句話都包含“globe或“world，可見本題的正確選項應該是Ao考生在解題時必然要善于利用題干中的詞語迅速而正確地進行審題定位。5 .【答案】B文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔【考點剖析】這是一道反推題。經過此題題干中的“mostSaint-Simonians"可將此題的答案信息本源迅速確定在尾段的第一句。依照尾段第一句進行反推即逆向思想，

19、可得出本題的正確答案是Bo考生在解題時必然要時時牢記反推題型，而且經常利用自己的逆向思想能力Certainanimalshaveanintuitiveawarenessofquantities.Theyknowwithoutanalysisthedifferencebetweenanumberofobjectsandsasmallernumber.InhisbookTheNaturalHistoryofSelbourne(1786),thenaturalistGilbertWhitetellshowhesurreptitiouslyremovedoneeggadaytomakeupplover

20、'snest,andhowthemotherlaidanothereggeachdaytomakeupforthemissingone.Henotedthatotherspeciesofbirdsignoretheabsenceofasingleeggbutabandontheirnestifmorethanoneegghasbeenremoved.Ithasalsobeennotedbynaturalistthatacertaintypeofwaspalwaysprovidesfive-neverfour,neversix-caterpillarsforeachoftheireggs

21、sothattheiryounghavesomethingtoeatwhentheeggshatch.Researchhasalsoshownthatbothmiceandpigeonscanbetaughttodistinguishbetweenoddandevennumbersoffoodpieces.Theseandsimilaraccountshaveledsomepeopletoinferthatcreaturesotherthanhumancanactuallycount.Theyalsopointtodogsthathavebeentaughttorespondtonumeric

22、alquestionswiththecorrectnumberofbarks,ortohorsesthatseemtosolvearithmeticproblembystompingtheirhoovesnumberoftimes.Animalsrespondtoquantitiesonlywhentheyareconnectedtosurviveasaspecies-asinthecaseoftheeggs-orsurviveasindividuals-asinthecaseoffood.Thereisontransfertoothersituationsorfromconcretereal

23、itytotheabstractnotionofnumbers.Animalscan“count"onlywhentheobjectsarepresentandonlywhenthenumbersinvolvedaresmall-nomorethansevenoreight.Inlabexperiments,animalstrainedtocountonekindofobjectwereunabletocountanyothertype.Theobjects,notthenumbers,arewhatinterestthem.Animal'sadmittedlyremarka

24、bleachievementssimplydonotamounttoevidenceofcounting,nordotheyrevealmorethaninnateinstinct,refinedbythegenesofsuccessivegenerations,ortheresultsofclever,carefulconditioningbytrainers.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A. CarefultrainingisrequiredtoteachanimalstoperformtricksinvolvingnumbersB. Animascan

25、notcountmorethanonekindofobjectC. ofallanimals,dogsandhorsescancountbest文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔D. Althoughsomeanimalsmaybeawareofquantities,theycannotactuallycount2.TheauthorreferstoGilbert'sbookinparagraph1inorderto.A. showhowattitudeshavechangedsince1786B. Contradicttheideathatanimalscancount.C

26、. provideevidencethatsomebirdsareawareofquantities.D. Indicatethatmoreresearchisneededinthisfield.3.Thewordasurreptitiously"inline4isclosestinmeaningto.A. quicklyB. secretlyC. occasionallyD. stubbornly4.TheauthormentionsthatallofthefollowingareawareofquantitiesinsomewayEXCEpT.A. ploversB. miceC

27、. caterpillarsD. wasps5.Accordingtotheinformationinthepassage,whichofthefollowingisLEASTlikelytooccurasaresultofanimal'sintuitiveawarenessofquantities?A. Apigeonismoreattractedbyaboxcontainingtwopiecesoffoodthanbyaboxcontainingonepiece.B. Whenaskedbyitstrainerhowolditis,amonkeyholdsupfivefingers

28、.C. Whenoneofitsfourkittenscrawlsaway,amothercatmissesitandsearchesforthemissingkitten.D. Alionfollowsoneantelopeinsteadofaherdofantelopesbecauseitiseasiertohuntasingleprey.剖析：文章中介紹了某些動物很驚人的數字能力。但是無論怎樣，他們對數字的感覺也可是一種本能。文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔作者舉這個例子是為了證明他所提出的某些動物可以認知某些東西的數量。依照上下文以及我們的知識，觀察動物的習慣是需要很長時間

29、，而且應該是隱蔽的Ithasalsobeennotedbynaturalistthatacertaintypeofwaspalwaysprovidesfive-neverfour,neversix-caterpillarsforeachoftheireggsWhenaskedbyitstrainerhowolditis,amonkeyholdsupfivefingers.無論猴子的反響是什么樣子，都可是一種屢次訓練此后的一種本能的反響。而不是真切的說出他的年齡.Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassical

30、rationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedaintuition"tomanageanetworkofinterrelat

31、edproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurprise;andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmanagersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgraspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheopp

32、ositeofrationality;othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagersintuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitivelysensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintu

33、itiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticeandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpicture,ofteninan"Aha!"experience.Fourth,

34、somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofac

35、tion.Finally,managerscanuseintuitiontobypassin-depthanalysisandmove文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔rapidlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthink

36、ing"isinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknow"whatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequentlyactfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituatio

37、nandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzingincloseconcert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingc

38、yclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.1. Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTtoA speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.B identifyaproblem.C bringtogetherdisparatefacts.D stipulatecleargoals.2. Thetextsuggestswhicho

39、fthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagement"mentionedinline1,paragraph2?A Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodelofdecisionanalysis.B Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesampleofactualmanagers.C Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssayrathert

40、hanonwhatmanagersdo.D Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusinessdecisions.3. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManagerY,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis?A ManagerXanal

41、yzesfirstandthenacts;ManagerYdoesnot.B ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematicanalysis;ManagerYdoesnot.公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔C ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem;ManagerYdoesnot.D ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatingasolutiontoaproblem;ManagerXdoesnot.4

42、. Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements?A Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelyonformaldecisionanalysis.B Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions.C Managers'intuitionworkscontrarytotheirrationalandanalyticalskills.D Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploythei

43、rpracticalexperiencemoreefficiently.5. Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?A Anassertionismadeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven.B Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.C Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.D Twoopposingpoi

44、ntsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.1 .【答案】D【考點剖析】這是一道歸納推導題。此題題干中的“seniormanagers表示此題的答案信息在第三段，因為第三段首句包含題干中的“seniormanagers。經過仔細閱讀和理解本段中所談到的五點，我們可推導出此題的正確選項是選項Do此題選項A、B、C所涉及的內容分別在本段的第五點、第一點和第三點提到。考生在解題時必然要學會仔細歸納和總結原文所表達的每一層含義。2 .【答案】D【考點剖析】這是一道句間關系題。題干已將此題的答案信息圈定在第二段。本段中的第二句是此題答案信息的最主要本源，經過閱讀和理解此句，我們可

45、推導出此題的正確選項是Do考生在解題時必然要合適理解上下句之間的關系。3 .【答案】C【考點剖析】此題是一道審題定位題。題干中的“whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions表示此題的答案信息在第四段，因為第四段首句含有和題干中“whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions"大體相同的“theintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagement。經過仔細閱讀和理解第四段的每一句話，我們可發(fā)現第四段的第一句話都在重申“act（行動），可見此題的正確選項應該是重申行動的選項Co此題的答案信息本源是第四段的第二句話。考生在解題時必然

46、要第一正確地審題定位，爾后要善于歸納和理解原文中的中心主旨信息。文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔4 .【答案】D【考點剖析】此題是一道審題定位題。題干中并沒有明確指出此題答案信息在原文的準確地址。在這種情況下，考生經常迷失解題思路。在考生迷失解題思路時必然要牢記全文中心主旨，而且抓住各段的核心句。本文的中心主旨句在第一段的尾句。若是考生可以抓住第一段的尾句，并結合第三段的第四、五句，就可以推導出此題的正確選項應該是Do考生在解題時，特別是在迷失解題思路時，必然要第一抓全文的中心主旨句，同時還要抓一些明確表示啟承轉合關系的句子結構。5.【答案】B【考點剖析】此題是一道段落結構題。第一

47、句話中的“donot和第二句句首的“rather是破解此題的要點。抓住這兩個要點就可以推導出此題的正確選項應該是B?？忌诮忸}時必然要注意表示否認的詞語以及表示啟承轉合的詞語，更要注意句子之間的相互關系。KitchenDesignOvertheyearseconomic,socialandtechnologicalfactorshaveinfluencedthedesignofkitchens.Sinceitisoftenusedsimultaneouslybybothfamilymembersaswellasguests,thekitchenrequiresnotonlyaglamorous

48、lookbutapracticalone.Also,thedesignelementsmustmeettheneedsofthemodernfamily.Environmentalconcernshavehadanenormousimpactonkitchendesign.Thisconcernincludesrecyclingofhouseholdmaterial,aswellasenergyefficientappliancesandthepurityofbothwaterandair.Researchshowsthatupto85percentofthepopulationisconce

49、rnedaboutwhatmightbeintheirdrinkingwater.Theyarealsooftendissatisfiedwiththetasteandodorofwhatcomesoutoftheirtap.Thisiswhyit'simportanttoconsideraddingawaterfiltersystem.Thecharacteroftoday'skitchenisverydifferentfromthewayitwasthirtyyearsago.There'smoresophisticationinfoodpreparation,an

50、dmoretechnologicalhelpwithcookingandclean-up.Whenchoosingcabinets,firstconsiderthestyle.Usethearchitecturalstyleofyourhouseasaguide.Becausecabinetsareabiginvestment,itisbesttochoosequality.Popularstylesinkitchencabinetsareframedpaneldoorswithraisedorrecessedpanelsofwood,cabinetfrontswithglasspanes,o

51、rsimpleslabdoorsinarichpaintedorlaminatedfinish.Cabinetpulls,don'tbeafraidtomixandmatchstyles.Becausemanyoftoday'skitchensconsistoftwoofmorecookssharinginthemealpreparation,thereisaneedformorecounterspace,cooktopsandsinks.文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔Althoughlifestylesarechanging,theprimaryfunction

52、ofthekitchenasanareaforpreparingfoodhasremainedunchanged.Thesinkremainsoneofthemostusedareasinthekitchenaswellasanimportantdecorativestatement.Appliancetechnologyismovingataveryfastpace.Choosingwhattypeofappliancesaswellashowmanywilldependonseveralfactorssuchashowoftenandhowmuchyoucookandthesizeofyo

53、urkitchen.Don'tlimityourselftooneofeachkindofappliance.Youcanhavearefrigeratorinoneplaceandafreezerinaseparateareaortwosetsofcooktops,oneonthecounternexttothewallovenandoneonanisland.Youcanevenhavetwodishwashersifsizeandbudgetrequireandpermit-thinkofitassavingtimeinthelongrun.1. Awell-designedki

54、tchenshouldbemodern,beautifulandpracticalatthesametime.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2. Beingharmlesstotheenvironmentisthetoppriorityinkitchendesign.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3. Qualitymattersthemostwhenyouarechoosingkitchencabinets.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4. Morecounterspace,cooktopsandsinkaren

55、eededintoday'skitchensbecausefoodpreparationismorecomplicatedthanitusedtobe.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5. Thedesignofthesinkisindicativeofakitchendesigner'sintelligenceA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6. Meansofsavinglabor,appliancesshouldbereplacedwhenevernewmodelscomeoutA.RightB.WrongC.Notment

56、ioned7. ItistheamountoftimeyoucanspendinthekitchenthatdecideshowmanyappliancesofthesamekindyoushouldbuyThreeattitudestolife8. 1_.Youmayapproachlifewiththephilosophyofthevegetable,inwhichcaseyourlifewillconsistinbeingborn,eating,drinking,sleepingmating,growingold,anddying.9. 2_.Agreatmanyso-calledsuc

57、cessfulmenandwomenbelievethatlifeisabusiness,andtheyarrangetheirconductandbehavioraccordingly.Ifyoubelieve文案大全公共英語三級閱讀題和問題詳解合用文檔thatlifeisabusinessyourfirstquestionoflife,naturally,isoutofit?_3_.Thegreatmajorityofhumanbeingstodaylookatlifeasifitwereabusiness._4_.Thethirdattitudetowardlifeistheapproa

58、choftheartist.HerethebasicphilosophyisWhatcanIputintoit?",andthebasicrelationtohisfollow-menisoneofcooperationandcommonsense._5_.Themoreweinvestigateandthemorewelearnaboutlivingthemorewebecomeconvincedthattheartisticattitudeistheonlyonewhichisconsistentwithhumanhappiness.A. Inawordbasedonthisattitude,happinessbecomesamatterofsuccessfulcompetition