八年級英語知識點歸納總結.doc

1、八年級英語知識點歸納總結He said I was hard-working.重點語法：賓語從句結構：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語從句(主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語/表語)例句：-Im good at English.He says.(改為加賓語從句的復合句)-He says Im good at English.注意：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，賓語從句的時態(tài)不受其影響。例句：He says Im good at English now.He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.主句是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)。例句：He said

2、I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.He said I was good at English now yesterday.賓語從句是客觀真理時永遠用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.動詞原形不能作主語，必須用其 -ing 形式。例句：She said helping others changed her life.重點短語：direct speec

3、h 直接引語reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語first of all = at first 首先pass on 傳遞be supposed to do sth.應該做某事be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好in good health 身體健康get over 克服open up 打開care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顧not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再have a cold 感冒end-of-year e_am 年終考試g

4、et nervous 變得緊張forget to do sth.忘記做某事(該事未做)forget doing sth.忘記做某事(該事已做)its + adj.+ for sb. + to do sth.做某事對某人來說(加形容詞)conte_t 上下文Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)First read for meaning， not for detail.(首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的細節(jié)部分。)You can understand the meaning of a word you dont know from the conte_t.(至于不懂的單詞，你可以通過

5、上下文來尋找它的正確釋義。)If you go to the party,youll have a great time!八年級英語語法知識點歸納總結二Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本單元的話題：談論假期活動內容，復習一般過去時。本單元的語法：1.復習一般過去時;2.學習不定代詞和不定副詞的用法。2.不定代詞和不定副詞的用法：(1)左邊的some、any、every、no與右邊的body、one、thing構成不定代詞，some、any、every、no與右邊的疑問副詞where構成不定副詞;(2)一般情況下以some開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞用于肯定句

6、，以any開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞用于否定句、疑問句;以no開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞表示否定含義(no one為兩個單詞);(3)不定代詞或不定副詞和形容詞連用時，形容詞放在后面。He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容詞important放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑問句用anything，形容詞special放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上個月你去令人感興趣的地方了嗎?(一般疑問句用不定副詞anywhere

7、，形容詞interesting放后)(4)不定代詞和不定副詞做主語時，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式。Everone is here today.今天每個人都在這里。本單元的短語和知識點：1.go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/進山2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer c去參觀夏令營 3.study for tests為考試而學習備考 go out出去4.quite a few相當多,不少(后跟可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))take photos照相 most of the

8、time大部分時間 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth為某人買某物 6.taste good.嘗起來很好taste(嘗起來)、look(看起來)、sound(聽起來)為感官動詞，后跟形容詞7.have a goodgreatfun time過得高興，玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 8.go shopping去購物 9.nothingbut+動詞原形：除了之外什么都沒有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了讀書無事可做。10.seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know

9、him.我好像認識他。seem+(to be)+形容詞：看起來The work seems(to be)easy.這工作看起來很容易。11.keep a diary記日記12.in+大地方：達到某地 (get to +地方：達到某地)arrive at+小地方：達到某地 (get的過去式為got)若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三個地點副詞，后面的介詞inatto必須去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚湯姆到家。13.decide to do sth:決定做某事

10、14.try doing sth.嘗試做某事try to do sth.盡力去做某事15.feel like給的感覺;感受到 16.in the past 在過去 walk around四處走走enjoy doing sth:喜歡做某事 difference(名詞，差異，差別)- different(形容詞，不同的)18.start doing sth：開始做某事 (= start to do sth)19.19.over an hour一個多小時 (over超過，多余 = more than)20.too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。 too much 太多，后跟不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動詞作

11、狀語。much too 太，后跟形容詞或副詞 ， 分辨三者的口訣： too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭:much 后接不可數(shù),too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復數(shù)。21.because of 因為,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞(即動詞+ing)，不能接句子。because因為，后跟句子。He was late for school because of getting up late.他因為起晚而上學遲到。(get為動詞)= He was late for school because he got up late.22.enough(足夠的)與名詞連用

12、，一般放在名詞前He has enough money .23.enough(足夠的)與形容詞或副詞連用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.24.doing sth.忘記已經做過某事(已經做完)Forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(還未做)(forget的過去式為forgot)25.so+形容詞+that+句子：如此以至于too+形容詞+to do sth：太以至于不能形容詞+enough to do sth：足夠能夠做某事(注意三個句型有時可以互換)He is so young that he cant go to school

13、.= He is too young to go to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school.Unit 2 How often do you e_ercise?本單元的話題：談論生活習慣，復習一般現(xiàn)在時。本單元的語法：1.復習一般現(xiàn)在時;2.學習表示頻率副詞的用法。主要頻率副詞的等級排序：always(總是) > usually (通常) > often(經常) > sometimes(有時) > hardly ever(很少) > never(從不)這些副詞在句子中的位置，一般放在助動詞、be動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，

14、行為動詞之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。 Peter is always late for school.Peter上學總是遲到。I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作業(yè)。提問 always, sometimes, twice a day 等頻率副詞，用 How oftenI watch TV every day.我每天都看電視How often do you watch TV?(你多長時間看一次電視?)本單元的短語和知識點：1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看電影 help with housewo

15、rk幫助做家務 how often多久一次 hardly ever幾乎從不2.once a week每周一次 twice a week每周兩次 every day每天 use the Inter用互聯(lián)網be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空嗎?4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早點睡覺play sports進行體育活動5.after school 放學后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新鋼筆。want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to

16、watch TV after school.放學后他想去看電視。want sb to do sth:讓某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.媽媽讓我早起。7.be good for對有好處 be bad for 對有害處8.play puter games打電子游戲 go cing去野營 9.ask sb about sth：問某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母經常問我的學習情況。10.in ones spare time在某人業(yè)余時間He studies English in his spar

17、e time.11.(P13，2b)”數(shù)字+percent of+名詞”做主語時，后面的單詞取決于名詞的情況。若名詞為復數(shù)，后面的動詞用復數(shù)形式;若名詞為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式。In our class ,twenty of students are boys.Thirty of water is dirty.12.notat all:一點兒也不 (not構成否定句)I dont like the movie at all.13.go online上網=surf the Inter 14.the answer to+名詞：的答案16.the (best) way to do s

18、th: 做某事的方式The best way to learn English is speaking English.學習英語的方法是說英語.17.such as比如 (后跟名詞或名詞短語)for e_le 例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as les,bananas and so on.他喜歡水果，例如蘋果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for e_le ,he often listens to tapes.19.more than (=over)超過，多余 go to the dentist去看牙醫(yī)Unit

19、 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.本單元的話題：談論事物對比，學習形容詞比較級。本單元的語法：學習形容詞比較級。(語法：見課本第113頁至115頁)本單元的短語和知識點：1.play+the +樂器 play the drums打鼓 比較play +球類 play basketball打籃球bothand兩者都(后面的動詞用復數(shù)形式) Both Tom and Jim are students.3.be good at+名詞代詞V ing:擅長，在某方面做得好7.be like:像 The books are like friends.書像

20、朋友。8.make friends (with sb)：(和某人)交朋友 enjoy doing sth:喜歡做某事9.be different from與不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟與我不一樣。10.help sb to (do) sth:幫助某人做某事常與help sb with sth(在某方面幫助某人)互換 He often helps me (to) learn English.他經常幫助我學習英語。= He often helps me with my English.他經常在英語方面幫助我。help (to) do sth:幫助做某

21、事He often helps( to)cook at home.他經常在家?guī)椭鲲垺?3.be good with sb:與某人相處很好 14.information (n.消息，信息)不可數(shù)名詞Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?本單元的話題：談論事物對比， 學習形容詞和副詞的級。本單元的語法：學習形容詞和副詞的級。本單元的短語和知識點：1.wele to+地點：歡迎來到某地 Wele to our school.歡迎來我校。2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你認為怎么樣?

22、3.watch sb do sth:看見某人做了某事(= see sb do sth )4.比較級別 +and+比較級：越來越(若比較級為more+形容詞原級，則為：more and more形容詞原級)The buildings are taller and taller.Our school is getting more and more beautiful.5.around the world全世界=all over the world, such as 例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?本單元的話題：談論自己對天使節(jié)目或電影的喜好，學

23、會表達自己的感受。本單元的語法：復習一般現(xiàn)在時。本單元的短語和知識點：1.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你認為怎么樣?What do you think of the movie?你認為這部電影怎么樣? It is boring.很無聊。2.mind doing sth:介意做某事 3.news (不可數(shù)名詞，消息，信息) a piece of good news一條好消息 4.learn (sth) from sb:向某人學習(某物) 5.plan to do sth:計劃做某事(plan的過去式planned,現(xiàn)在分詞plan

24、ning) 6.hope to do sth:希望做某事8.favorite (形容詞，最喜愛的)= likebestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜歡的節(jié)目是談話節(jié)目。=I like talk shows best.9.e_pect to do sth:期待做某事 10.think of認為，想起He often thinks of his teachers.11.in the 1930s:在二十世紀三十年代(1930年至1939年)10.12.one of +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：之一(該短語放在句首做主語時，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式)One of the st

25、udents has an English dictionary.這些學生中一個人有英語字典。14.luck(名詞，幸運,運氣)lucky(形容詞,幸運的)-unlucky (形容詞,不幸的)15.be ready to do sth樂意做某事 16.try one's best (to do sth):盡力(做某事)Unit6 Im going to study puter science.本單元的話題：談論自己將來的計劃或打算。本單元的語法：學習一般將來時be going to do sth。本單元的短語和知識點：1.詞性轉換：science (名詞，科學)scientis

26、t(名詞，科學家)violin(名詞，小提琴)-violinst(名詞，小提琴家)piano(名詞，鋼琴)- pianist(名詞，鋼琴家)2.grow up成長，長大 3.be good at+名詞代詞動詞+ing:擅長 He is good at math,but he isnt good at speaking English.他擅長數(shù)學，但是不擅長說英語。4.keep on doing sth: 繼續(xù)做某事 5.be sure about:確信，對有把握His mother isnt sure about his study.他的媽媽對他的學習沒有把握。6.move to +地點：搬(

27、家)到某地 7.take singingacting lessons上歌唱課上表演課=have singingacting lessons 8.send sb sth = send sth to sb寄送給某人某物His grandfather often sends him money。= His grandfather often sends money to him.9.learn to do sth學會做某事10.play the piano彈鋼琴 make the soccer team組建足球隊 get good grades取得好的成績 eat healthier food吃更健

28、康的食品 get lots of e_ercise進行大量鍛煉11.foreign language外國語言 12.study hard努力學習 most of the time大多數(shù)時間14.get back from+地點：從回來 He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.at the beginning of 在開始的時候, write down寫下/記下，17.different kinds of不同種類的 have to do with關于，與有關系,take up開始從事20.too+形容詞+to do sth：太以至于不能so+形容詞+tha

29、t+句子：如此以至于形容詞+enough to do sth：足夠能夠做某事(注意三個句型有時可以互相轉換)He is so young that he cant go to school.他如此年輕以至于不能去上學。= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至于不能去上學。= He isnt old enough to go to school.22.make sb+形容詞：讓某人怎么樣 The good news made us hy.(注意：news為不可數(shù)名詞)23.how to do better at school為“疑問詞+不定式”即“疑問詞

30、+to do sth”He didnt know when to start.他不知道什么時候開始。 24.go to university去上大學Unit 7 Will people have robots?本單元的話題：談論對未來的語言，學習一般將來時will do sth。本單元的語法：學習一般將來時will do sth。一般將來時由“助動詞will / shall + 動詞原型”構成，表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語如tomorrow、ne_t week，in 2 days(2天之后)等連用。(Shall用于第一人稱，will可以用于各種人稱。) (w

31、ill not= wont)一般疑問句：把肯定句中的will 提到句首即可。以上兩句的一般疑問句為：Will you visit the old man ne_t week? Yes,we will.No, we wont .否定句：把肯定句中的will 變?yōu)閣ont即可。以上兩句的否定句為：We wont visit the old man ne_t week.She wont finish the work in 2 weeks.本單元的短語和知識點：1.There be結構：There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某時“There be結構”的一般現(xiàn)在時：T

32、here is/are+某物/某人+某地/某時There are 600 students in our school.在我們學校有600個學生。一般過去時：There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某時 There was a school ten years ago.一般將來時：There will be+某物/某人+某地/某時.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某時.There will be a sport meeting ne_t week.=There is going to be a sport meeting ne_t weeek.下周將有場

33、運動會。 2.on puters在電腦上, on paper在紙上3.a few +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：有一些、有幾個 a little +不可數(shù)名詞：有一些few +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：幾乎沒有(表示否定) little+不可數(shù)名詞：幾乎沒有(表示否定)many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：很多，許多 few 的比較級是fewer ,little的比較級是lessmuch+不可數(shù)名詞：很多，許多 manymuch的比較級都是moreThere will be less polution in the future.在未來將會有更少的污染。(polution為不可數(shù)名詞)We should plant more tre

34、es.我們應該種更多的樹。(tree為可數(shù)名詞)There will be fewer cars in the future.在未來將會有更少的汽車。(car為可數(shù)名詞)4.in(great)danger在(極度)危險中on the earth在地球上save the earth拯救地球6.in+一段時間：在之后(多用于一般將來時)He will e back in 2 days.兩天之后他將回來。How soon will he e back?多久他將回來?句型 There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。 There is a cat eating fish.10.

35、hundreds of+名詞：成百上千的，許多(表示模糊數(shù)字)數(shù)字+ hundred +名詞：幾百(表示具體數(shù)字)He has hundreds of book.他有很多書。He bought two hundred books.他買了二百本書。12.at some point: 在某些方面 free time空閑時間 in ones free time在某人空閑時間Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?本單元的話題：描述做事情的順序和過程。(First首先,Ne_t下面,Then然后,Finally最后)本單元的語法：復習一般現(xiàn)在時。本單元的短

36、語和知識點：1(P57,1a) turn on打開 turn up調大turn off關上 turn down調小2.How many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：多少How much+不可數(shù)名詞：多少He has eight books.他有八本書。How many books does he have?他有多少本書?3.量詞的用法：不可數(shù)名詞常用“數(shù)字+量詞+不可數(shù)名詞”來表示。如：a piece of bread一片面包 比較：two pieces of bread兩片面包(bread為不可數(shù)名詞)a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黃油5.

37、one more thing = another one thing 基數(shù)詞 + more + 名詞 = another + 基數(shù)詞 + 名詞：又多少某物 He ate an le,he wanted to eat two more les.7.Its time (for sb) to do sth是某人該做某事的時間了。Its time for us to have lunch.Its time for sth是該做某事的時間了。Its time for the class.是該上課的時候了。Unit 9 Can you e to my party?本單元的話題：學會發(fā)出、接受或拒絕邀請。

38、本單元的語法：復習情態(tài)動詞。本單元的短語和知識點：1.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午，在具體哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on,2.have to 必須(后跟動詞原形)He has to get up early.他必須早起。(一般疑問句)Does he get up early? Yes,he does.No,he doesnt.(否定句)He doesnt have to get up early.他沒有必要早起。4.sth=want sth 想要某物 Jim would like a new pen .Would like to do sth=want to do

39、 sth想做某事 Hed like to watch TV.Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做?(用來提出建議或征求對方意見)-would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去買東西嗎?-Yes,Id love to ，but Im doing my homework.我想去,但是我現(xiàn)在正在做家庭作業(yè)。(=Sorry, Im doing my homework.非常抱歉，我正在做家庭作業(yè)。)5.prepare for sth為做準備 go to the doctor去看病have the flu 患流感help my p

40、arents給父母幫忙 have an e_am考試6.until 的用法:若動詞為延續(xù)性動詞則用肯定句式He studied until 21:00pm.他一直學習到晚上九點。若動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞，則用not.until.(直到。才。)He didnt go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回來才上床睡覺。10.study for a math test為數(shù)學考試做準備go to the party參加聚會11.Whats today?今天幾號?Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一，十四號。補充：what day is it t

41、oday?今天星期幾? its Monday今天星期一。Whats the date today?今天幾月幾日?Its October 20th .今天10月20日。12.go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上鋼琴課13.look after 照看，照料 = take care ofShe is old to look after his brother她足夠大了能夠照看她的弟弟。take good care of =look afterwell好好照顧，好好照料We should take good care of the children.= We

42、 should look after the children well.感嘆句的類型： What aan+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) (+主語+謂語)!What +adj+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞 (+主語+謂語)!What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊! (day為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本書啊!(book為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))What beautiful flowers they are !多么漂亮的花啊! (flowers為可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天氣啊!(weat

43、her為不可數(shù)名詞) How +adj +主語+(謂語中的)系動詞! How +adv +主語+(謂語中的)實義動詞!How hy I am!我多麼高興啊! (hy為adj,am為系動詞)How hard they are working !他們工作多么努力啊!(hard為adv,work為實義動詞)點撥：陳述句改為感嘆句，可以采用“一判、二定、三移”。一判：是判斷出陳述句謂語動詞后的中心詞的詞性(adjadvn);二定：是根據(jù)判斷出來的結果來確定引導詞(中心詞為名詞用What;中心詞為形容詞或副詞用How;)三移：就是把主語和謂語移到后面。注意：在感嘆句中，不得出現(xiàn)so,very，very

44、much等表示程度的單詞。例如：Our school is beautiful .一判：beautiful為形容詞;二定：beautiful為形容詞，用How 來引導;三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即為感嘆句How beautiful our school is!He is a clever boy.一判：boy為名詞;二定：boy為名詞，用What來引導;三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即為感嘆句What a clever boy he is!He studies English well.一判：well為副詞;二定：w

45、ell為副詞，用How 來引導;三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即為感嘆句How well he studies!練習：將下列句子變?yōu)楦袊@句。The room is very bright. We live a hy life today.It is a nice present.This is difficult problem.She played the piano wonderfully.16.)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的方法 17.thanks for+名詞V?ing:為什么而感謝 18.take a trip參加郊游，at th

46、e end of this month在本月底19.go back to+地點：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.兩天后他將回北京。20.have a surprise party for sb為某人舉辦一個驚喜的晚會21.without+名詞代詞 V?ing：沒有 He cant finish the work without our help.(help為名詞)He went to school without having breakfast.他沒有吃早飯就去上學。(have為動詞)24.look forward to +名詞代詞V.in

47、g：期待，盼望25.hear from sb.收到某人的來信 = receive a letter from sb.27.the opening of ：開幕/開業(yè) 28.在具體哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比較：in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨 29.invite sb to +地點:邀請某人去某地(invite - invitation ) invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事31.reply to sth / sb：回答某事/回答某人 go shopping 購物，do homework做家庭作業(yè)Unit 10 If

48、 you go to the party, youll have a great time!本單元的話題：談論事情可能的結果。 。本單元的語法：在條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來即主將從現(xiàn)。If you go to the party, we will have a great time從句(一般現(xiàn)在時) (主句一般將來時)解釋：在條件狀語從句，時間狀語從句中，若主句用一般將來時，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來-簡稱主將從現(xiàn)If it is fine tomorrow,Ill visit shanghai區(qū)分:賓語從句若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以根據(jù)需要用任何時態(tài)I think I”ll fi

49、nish the work in 2 days.我認為我在兩天內將完成這項工作。主句(一般現(xiàn)在時) 賓語從句填空：I think she (e)here tomorrow.If he (e )here,I (call)you.本單元的短語和知識點：1.have a great /good time 玩的開心 stay at home呆在家里take the bus乘公交車，go to the party參加晚會 tomorrow night明天晚上 talk about sth談論某事 have a class party開班級晚會 have a class meeting 開班會6.plan

50、 to do sth計劃做某They are planning to go shopping.他們正在計劃購物。 7.(P74,2b)half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物8.ask sb.to do sth 請某人做某事My parents often ask me to study hard.ask sb.not to do sth 請某人不要做某事 My techer often asks us not to be late.10.too+形容詞+to do sth：太以至于不能so+形容詞+that+句子：如此以至于形容詞+enough to d

51、o sth：足夠能夠做某事(注意三個句型常?？梢曰Q轉換)He is so young that he cant go to school.他如此年輕以至于不能去上學。= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至于不能去上學。= He isnt old enough to go to school.11.tell sb.to do sth 高速某人做某事 tell sb.not to do sth 告訴某人不要做某事12.give sb some advice給某人建議/勸告 (adivce為不可數(shù)名詞)13.travel around the world

52、 周游世界, go to college 上大學，make(a lot of)money 掙錢, get an education接受教育 ，14.)work hard 努力工作，a soccer player 一個足球運動員15.talk to sb.與某人談話，keepto oneself 把留給自己/獨處16.have problems with sth:在某方面有困難 have problems (in)doing sth:做方面有困難 (2個句型常?？梢曰Q)She has problems with English.她在學習英語方面有困難。= She has problems (in) learning English.她學習英語有困難。17.unless=ifnot如果不 Unl