定語從句復(fù)習(xí)(2)

1、 Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定語從句復(fù)習(xí)定語從句復(fù)習(xí)Lead-inLead-inIn the corner, there is a garbage can _which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.aroundThe money _ which you were to buy dog food is gone.withI often go shopping in Times Supermarket.Times supermarket is the place _I often go shopping.whe

2、re(in which)Can you tell me the reason _ you are so late?why/for which1. The book , _ the cover is broken, is not mine. A. of it B. for which C. whose D. of which2. I will give the gift to the student _ I think is honest in our class. A. whom B. which C. that D. who3. Word came of his success , _fil

3、led the parents heart with pride. A. that B. whom C. who D. which Lets have a try:DDDThis is the best film that I have seen.定語從句定語從句the best film 先行詞先行詞that關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句：先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系詞的作用關(guān)系詞的作用修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱為定修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句語從句,一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。詞后面。被修飾限定的名詞或代詞被修飾限定的名詞或代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)

4、系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞 1.引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句; 2.代替先行詞代替先行詞; 3.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成 分。分。1. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞指代指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某稍诙ㄕZ從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞址秩巳宋镂锞渥泳渥又髡Z主語賓語賓語定語定語whowhomwhichthatwhoseas 2.關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞指代所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謜henwherewhytimeplacereason狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語狀語類別類別意義意義功能功能形式形式關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞限定性限定性定語從定語從句句非限定非限定性定語性定語從句從句起限定作用。起限定作用。若省略

5、，原句若省略，原句意義不完整意義不完整。起補(bǔ)充說明作起補(bǔ)充說明作用。若省略，用。若省略，原句意義不受原句意義不受影響影響。修飾修飾先行先行詞詞修飾先修飾先行詞行詞 / 整個(gè)句整個(gè)句子子無逗無逗號(hào)隔號(hào)隔開開有逗有逗號(hào)與號(hào)與主句主句隔開隔開有有that 無無that 3. 限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1.指物時(shí)只用指物時(shí)只用that 或或which 的情況的情況2.介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞3.as 與與which的區(qū)別的區(qū)別4.如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞5.定語從句中的主謂一致問題定語從句中的主謂一致問題6.The

6、 way 用作先行詞用作先行詞 常見考點(diǎn)常見考點(diǎn)1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itthat 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別先行詞為先行詞為all, little, much, e

7、verything, nothing, something, anything等不定等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ hel

8、ps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行詞為先行詞為人和物的人和物的組合組合先行詞被先行詞被序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或或最高級(jí)最高級(jí)修飾先行詞前有修飾先行詞前有序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞(the first),形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時(shí)。等時(shí)。若主句中有疑問代詞若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或或者者 which，為了避免重復(fù)，為了避免重

9、復(fù), 關(guān)關(guān)系代詞不要再用系代詞不要再用 who, which，而用而用 that。1. 先行詞為先行詞為 everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代詞等不定代詞2.先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，以及被：先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，以及被： the very, the only，just the 修飾等。修飾等。4. 先行詞為人和物的組合先行詞為人和物的組合5.若主句中有疑問代詞若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或者或者 which，為了避免重復(fù)，為了避免

10、重復(fù), 關(guān)系代詞不要再用關(guān)系代詞不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。只用只用that的情況的情況:that 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. (05浙江浙江)A.which B that C this D.it1. 逗號(hào)后面逗號(hào)后面 2. 介詞后面介詞后面2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A.on which B that C which D.this只用只用which的情況的情況:考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二:介詞

11、介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞1) 根據(jù)根據(jù)先行詞先行詞 來確定介詞來確定介詞The floor _ we live is quiet.The reason _ I came here is that I want your help.2) 根據(jù)根據(jù)從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞或形容詞從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞或形容詞 來確定來確定The person _ I lent money went abroad last year.The dog _ she used to be afraid is her favorite animal now.3) 根據(jù)根據(jù)從句所表達(dá)的意義從句所表達(dá)的意義 來確定來確定Water, _ ma

12、n cant live, is very important on which for which to whom of which without which注意：遇固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟注意：遇固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置詞組主體，不作前置 This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. This is the watch for which I am looking. 1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.2.The room _ my famil

13、y live used to be a garage.3.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?4.Did you find the composition _ I wrote just now? with whomin whichwith whichwhichExercises:考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三 Whose 用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式1. whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。構(gòu)成名詞短語。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the w

14、oman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.2.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞不僅可引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。以指人，還可以指物。 3. whose的先行詞指物時(shí)的先行詞指物時(shí), 可用可用of which代替代替, 但詞序不同，但詞序不同，即即whose+名詞名詞=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room,

15、faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which of which the window 考點(diǎn)四：考點(diǎn)四：asas與與whichwhich引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時(shí)可以互換，但兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時(shí)可以互換，但下列情況多用下列情況多用as。1. as 引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首,但是但是which不能置于句首；不能置于句首；as 本身有本身有“正如正如.正象正象”之意，多數(shù)已成固定結(jié)構(gòu)：之意，多數(shù)已成固定結(jié)構(gòu)：as you know/as yo

16、u see/as we planed。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被當(dāng)先行詞被such，so或或the same修飾時(shí)，常用修飾時(shí)，常用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. 試比較試比較so.as與與so.that的區(qū)別的區(qū)別:This is so interesting a book _ we all like.這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。（定語從句）（定語從句）This is so interesting a book _

17、 we all like it.這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。（結(jié)果狀語從句）（結(jié)果狀語從句）asthat This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D比較：比較：.the same pen as I lost. . the same pen that I lost.表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，不一定就是表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，不一定就是則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支 . 選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時(shí)，需注意兩點(diǎn)：選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞

18、時(shí)，需注意兩點(diǎn)：1.先行詞先行詞2.關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。做主語，賓語，定語用做主語，賓語，定語用做狀語用做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.when(which

19、/that)(which/that)where 考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)六:定語從句中主謂一致問題定語從句中主謂一致問題 定語從句中的動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行定語從句中的動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。詞保持一致。1.I am not the one who _afraid of difficulty2.Dont choose me, who _not fit for this job isam3. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C

20、. that has written D. that have written4. She is the only one of the girls _ well in class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. who to sing填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.tha

21、t/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺狀語缺狀語缺賓語缺賓語考點(diǎn)七：考點(diǎn)七：the way 用作先行詞用作先行詞3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考題鏈接高考題鏈接：考點(diǎn)八：考點(diǎn)八： 先行詞與定語從句的分離現(xiàn)象先行詞與定語從句的分離現(xiàn)象 在考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)先行詞與定語從句分離的在考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)先行詞與定語從句分離的現(xiàn)象，使試題的難度大增，這時(shí)

22、要分析語境，找現(xiàn)象，使試題的難度大增，這時(shí)要分析語境，找準(zhǔn)先行詞，從而正確選擇關(guān)系詞。準(zhǔn)先行詞，從而正確選擇關(guān)系詞。 The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. (11天津天津, 10) A. when B. that C. where D. which 【解析解析】本題先行詞為本題先行詞為the days，為了句子結(jié)構(gòu)，為了句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，把定語從句后置。答案為平衡，把定語從句后置。答案為_。 Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ yo

23、u can hire to reach your host family. (11上海上海, 39) A. whichB. where C. when D. as【解析解析】本題先行詞為本題先行詞為_，作從句謂語，作從句謂語hire 的賓語，故用的賓語，故用_ 引導(dǎo)定語從句，引導(dǎo)定語從句，其中間插入了其中間插入了_。taxiswhichwaiting at the bus station1. 通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。2. 題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。述句式。3. 分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，分析從句的句子

24、結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，缺什么，就補(bǔ)什么：缺主或賓語，用關(guān)缺什么，就補(bǔ)什么：缺主或賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞4. 注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和題干中是否存在并列連注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和題干中是否存在并列連詞詞and, but等。等。1. Is this factory _ we visited last week?DIs this the factory _ we visited last week?A、where B、thatC、to which D、the oneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。為陳述句式。小試牛刀小試牛刀2. L

25、et me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA先行詞是先行詞是situation, case, scene時(shí)，時(shí)，一般用一般用where,最佳最佳選擇則是選擇則是in which1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。我已經(jīng)到了

26、無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。國家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。 wherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有的名詞，但也有特殊情況特殊情況。解析：解析：如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,scene , conditionpoint,situation,scene , condition和和casecase等表示抽等表示抽象意義的詞，常用象意義的詞，常用where where 引導(dǎo)，意思是引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地到了某種地步，在某種境況中步，在某種境況

27、中” ” 。3. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyC She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A4. Dafeng is a county, _ is famous for Milu deer. Beijing is a city, _there is the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. thereA C 5. I，_ your goo

28、d friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D6. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB7. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD 8. This is the way _ he memorizes English words. Which of the following is wrong? A. that B. in which C./ D. whichD9. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. thatB. as C. w