冠詞專項改錯

1、、冠詞殘缺（一）缺少不定冠詞a/an單數(shù)可數(shù)泛指某一不確定的人或事物，應加不定冠詞a/an。單數(shù)名詞有形容詞修飾的，冠詞放在形容詞前面，而非名詞前面。冠詞后的名詞或者形容詞首音為輔音的，加a;單詞首音為元音的，加an。注意：有些單詞首字母是元音字母，但首音并不發(fā)元音的，其前的不定冠詞要用a。如：university,useful,usual,Europe（首音均發(fā)半元音j）,one（首音為w）有些單詞首字母是輔音字母，但首音卻發(fā)元音的，其前的不定冠詞an。如：hour,honest,honorable,unusual1、冠詞后的名詞前有形容詞的情形(此種情形由于被分割，很容易忽略，考得也最多)

2、：(2013O1)ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendofmewhoisgoingtoBeijing.(2010O2)Inotherwords,wewouldbeseparatedlongtime.(2007O2)ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI'mdoingatschool,butthebellwasringing,soIjusthavetostophere.(2005O3)Ihopeyou'vehadpleasantjourneyhomeandwill

3、cometoChinaagainsometimesinthefuture.(2002O2)Aseveryoneknows.it'sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimal.(2000春)I'lltakethischancewishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.2、冠詞后的名詞前無形容詞的情形：Ifyou'dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.(2004O2)I'msuretheywilll

4、aughtomeandseemeasfool.(2010O1)TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasaverymuchfamouswriter.3、注意固定詞組中的冠詞不能缺少。(2014N1)Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.4 .在such或so+形容詞與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用時，不可缺a(an)。如：HeissuchA(an)honestboythatallofuslikehim.ThisissogoodA(a)bookthatIreaditagain.5 .表示“有些"時，li

5、ttle,few前面不可缺少a。如：Don'thurry.ThereisA(a)littletimeleft.6 .many前有great,good時，要力口a。如：A(a)greatmanypeople.若many后接單數(shù)名詞，中間須有a(an)。如：ManyA(a)manhastrieditbefore.7.一些不可數(shù)名詞前，有形容詞修飾表示“一種(場)等”時，要加a(an)。如:ItsA(a)famousChinesetea.TherewasA(a)heavyrainlastnight.8.用專有名詞表示“一個像(叫)的人”時，用a(an),如：HewishedtobeA(a)L

6、eiFeng.A(A)MrWangcalledyouupjustnow.(二)缺少定冠詞the1 .特指某一個人或者事物，特指某一些人或事物(即說話者和聽話者都知道的人或者事物)，名詞前須用定冠詞the加以限定?？荚囶}中的特指線索：一是前文已提到過的人或者事物，二是已有專有名詞修飾。但若名詞前已有等限定詞或者修飾語時，則不能再加定冠詞了。特指某一個人或者事物：(2013O2)Asaresult,nobodyknewtruth.(2013N2)Thiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofday(2009O2)JustbeforeIturnedcornerofParkStr

7、eet,Ihappenedtoseeanaccident.(2008O2)Second,IwilllearnmoreabouthistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008OlympicGames.(1998)Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.特指某一些人或者事物：(2011O1)OneofmyunforgettablememoryofmyschoolinXinjiangisthatofluncheswebroughtfromourhomes.2 .“形容詞比較級+ofthetwo”前必須用the。如：H

8、eisA(the)betteroneofthetwo.二、冠詞多余1 .在一些固定短語或者詞組中，有些名詞即使是可數(shù)名詞，其前面也沒有不定冠詞。這可能是由于習慣使然。(NMET2000)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.(2013年NI)Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwith。2 .與介詞at,in,to連用的名詞school,class,town,hospital,church,prison,bed等表示與其有關

9、的活動時，用冠詞是多余的。如：gototheschool(上學)，beintheprison(坐牢)，beinthebed(在睡覺)3 .與by連用的交通工具名稱和air,land,sea等名詞前用冠詞是多余的。如：bythebike,bythesea,bythetrain4 .表示游戲活動而不是表示游戲工具的名詞前不用冠詞。如：playthe/avolleyball,playthechess,playthetabletennis5 .由“專有名詞+普通名詞”構成的專有名詞前不用定冠詞。如：theBeijingAirport,theOxfordStreet,theHydePark6 .在一些固

10、定搭配中。如：atthefirst,atthelast,themostofus7 .most作"非?！苯鈺r，前面用the是多余的。如：Oh!It'sthemostbeautiful!Sheisthemostdiligent.8 .含有Day的節(jié)日前加the是多余的。如：theMayDay,theWomen'sDay,theNationalday,theNewYear'sDay9 .在“名詞+as/though”結構中，名詞前不用任何冠詞。如：achildasheis/afoolasheis三、錯詞：不定冠詞和定冠詞之間的誤用在短文中首次的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，泛指一個

11、事物時，須用不定冠詞a。AnAmericanandaFrenchmandecidedtocrosstheseabetweenFranceandEnglandintheballoonin1784.前文已提到過的人或者事物，須有定冠詞the加以限定。Manycountriesintheworldfindtheydon'thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesbecausetreeswillhelpsavewater.已有same修飾的名詞，須有定冠詞the加以限定。Wemaybe

12、onefamilyandliveunderasameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.(keepadiary是一個固定詞組，“記日記"；四、冠詞和代詞、數(shù)詞之間的誤用Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.one而keepmydiary意思是“保留我的日記Somewantedtoseetheprogrammewhileotherspreferredanother.another也是固定搭配，二者往往成對出現(xiàn)。）真題單句歸納（1） Afterahourorsowebegantofeelvery

13、frightened.（a改為an,因hour讀音以元音開頭）（全國卷）（2） Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.（the改為a,因此處并非特指，而是泛指）（全國卷）（3） Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.（去掉the,因這里的books表泛指，不表特指）（全國卷）（4） Goodhealthisperson'smostvaluablepossession.（person's前加a,這里的a表泛指）（全國卷）（5） Modernpeoplekno

14、wmoreaboutthehealth,havebetterfood,andliveinclearersurroundings.（去掉the,因health表泛指）（全國卷）（6） ThereispubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.（publiclibrary前加a,因這里的publiclibrary是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表泛指，故在其前用a）（全國卷）（7） Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.（a改為the，因從含義上看，此處的winterholidays屬特指或者是談話雙方都知道的）（全國卷）（8） TodayIvisit

15、edtheSmithsmyfirstvisittoaAmericanfamily.（a改為an,因American的讀音以元音開頭）（全國卷）（9）Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.（captain前加冠詞the,captain為特指）（全國卷）（10） Somewantedtoseetheprogrammewhileotherspreferredanother.（the改為one,one與下一行的another構成”一個另一個"）（全國卷）（11） I'lltakethischancetowishyouwon

16、derfultimeonyourbirthday.（wonderful前加a,該表達與haveagoodtime類似，其中的a不可?。ū本┐杭酒骋姟保ㄈ珖鴬W秘）.北京春季數(shù)名詞）（全國卷）（12）Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.（去掉a,catchsightof是習語，意為“看見、卷）（13）Forexample,whenIwasachild,therainwasamystery（去掉the,rain在此泛指）（卷）（14）Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.（a改為the,因sa

17、me前應用定冠詞）（全國卷）（15）Aseveryoneknows,itsfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.（在famous前加a,注意mountain是單數(shù)可卷）（16）Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.（mydiary改為adiary,keepadiary意為“寫日記"）（全國卷）（17） WhenIwasboy,themostexcitingthingwastocelebratetheSpringFestival（boy前加a,因boy為可數(shù)名詞）（江蘇卷）（18） Andeveryyearm

18、oreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionoftheirownanddiscoveraninterestwhichcanevenlastlifetime.（lifetime前加a,指人的一生是alifetime）（浙江卷）（19）Tenminuteslater,thefiremencameandputoutfire.（fire前加the,因這是特指的一場火災）（福建卷）（20）Aswealllefthomeatearlyage,（early前加an,atanearlyage意為“在年幼時”）（天津卷）（21） Mygrandmawasthebestcookeri

19、ntheworldbutcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.（cooker改為cook,比較：cook=炊事員，cooker=炊具）（江蘇卷）模擬單句演練(1)Hersister,whoisnurse,willmarryoneofthedoctorsinthehospital.(2)Itwassuchwonderfuldinnerthatweenjoyeditverymuch.(3)Itwasraininghard,soIhadtoborrowaumbrella.(4)MyfriendMarycomesfromanEuropeancountry.(5)MrSmith

20、usedtobephysicsteachertillheturnedwriter.(6)Insmallvillagelikethis,everybodyknowseverybodyelse.(7)Onlyfewofthechildrencanreadsuchbooks.(8)Forlongtimeneitherofusspoketoeachother.(9)Look,agirlinblueismycousin.(10) Look!Acarhasstoppedthere.Acarisbeautiful.(11)Sheaskedwhetherwecamefromasamecity.(12) The

21、mountainwascoveredwiththesnowalltheyearround.(13)Youdon'tknowwhatwonderfultimewe'vehad.(14) Peoplemadethefunofherbecausesheworesuchstrangeclothes.(15)Soontheplanewasoutofthesight.(16) Greatchangeshavetakentheplaceinmyhometownsince1978.(17)Intheword,heisagoodstudentandallofuslikehim.(18) Yous

22、ayyoutookthebookwithouthispermission.Intheotherwords,youstoleit.少冠詞1.Thisissoimportantmeetingthateveryonemustattendit.2.Themeetingturnedouttobefailure.3.IwillcallonGreensthisevening.4, In1980'5, manyfarmersrushedintothecitiestotrytheirluck.5.Sheismorebeautifulofthetwins.6.Pleasepassmepenonthedes

23、k.7.Ifoundanotebookandpencilwhenthedooropened.8.Whathewantedtodoatthattimewastohavebigdinner.9.Whatwonderfultimeyouhadattheparty!10. WewenttoSummerPalaceyesterday.冠詞模擬單句演練【參考答案】(1) nurse前加a,因nurse為可數(shù)名詞。(2) such后加a,dinner受形容詞修飾時，其前通常要加不定冠詞。(3)a改為an,因umbrella的讀音以元音開頭。(4)an改為a,因European的讀音不是以元音開頭。(5)physics前加a,因teacher為可數(shù)名詞。(6)small前