unit 3 language pionts 語言特點

1、核心單詞1. persuadevt.說服；勸服；使相信(同convince)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事persuade sb. out of doing sth. 說服某人不要做某事persuade sb. that-clause 使某人相信聯(lián)想拓展聯(lián)想拓展talk sb. into/out of doing sth.=reason sb. into/out of doing sth.說服某人做說服某人做/不做某事不做某

2、事 trick sb. into/out of doing sth. trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 誘誘使某人做使某人做/不做某事不做某事 urge sb. into/out of doing sth. urge sb. into/out of doing sth. 慫慫恿某人做恿某人做/不做某事不做某事辨析辨析 advise/persuade advise 強調(diào)強調(diào)“勸告，建勸告，建議議”的動作，不注重結(jié)果；而的動作，不注重結(jié)果；而persuade強調(diào)強調(diào)“已經(jīng)說服已經(jīng)說服”，重在結(jié)果。用法上：，重在結(jié)果。用法上：advise可可跟跟v.-ing形式作賓語

3、，也可以接形式作賓語，也可以接that-clause （that sb. should do）,而而persuade則不能。則不能。 I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信這是真的。 We will persuade him to take the medicine.我們將說服他把藥吃下去。 We persuaded her into taking the job.我們說服她接受了這份工作。 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我勸服父親戒了煙。 She persuaded me that perseverance lead

4、s to success.她說服我相信了有毅力就能夠走向成功。He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上學(xué)，他還是說服她去了。He advised that we (should) leave early.他建議我們早點出發(fā)。語法填空Alice trusts you; only you can her to give up the foolish idea. A. suggest B. attract C. tempt D. persuade 解析：選D。句意為：愛麗絲信任你，唯有你能說服

5、她放棄這種愚蠢的想法。persuade sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事;suggest勸說、建議，后不接動詞不定式;attract 吸引;tempt 誘惑，引誘，均不符題意。故選D項。Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife him to give up smoking last year. A. suggested A. suggested B. Advised B. Advised C. persuaded D. toldC. persuaded D. told解析：選解析：選C?？疾??？疾閍dvise sb. to do sth

6、.和和 persuade sb. to do sth.的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。advise sb. to do sth. 意思是意思是“勸某人做某勸某人做某事事”，強調(diào)動作，尤其是表達，強調(diào)動作，尤其是表達“勸而不服勸而不服”時多用此結(jié)構(gòu)；時多用此結(jié)構(gòu)；persuade sb. to do sth.意意思是思是“勸服某人做某事勸服某人做某事”，強調(diào)結(jié)果。，強調(diào)結(jié)果。2. determine vt. (2. determine vt. (使使)決定決定,決心要決心要;確定確定 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：常用結(jié)構(gòu)：determine + n. / pron.決決(確確)定定3. determine to do sth.3

7、. determine to do sth.決定決定determine vt. (使使)決決定定, 決心要決心要;確定確定 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：常用結(jié)構(gòu)：determine + n. / pron.決決(確確)定定 determine to do sth. determine to do sth.決定做某事決定做某事 (表示動作，是非表示動作，是非延續(xù)性動詞短語延續(xù)性動詞短語) determine on determine onupon .決定決定 determine that determine thatwhat .決定決定 determine sb determine sbto do sth.使某人

8、決定做某事使某人決定做某事 determine sb. against sth. determine sb. against sth.使某人決定不做某事使某人決定不做某事 be determined to do sth. be determined to do sth.決心做某事決心做某事 (表示狀態(tài)，表示狀態(tài)，可與表示時間段的可與表示時間段的狀語連用。狀語連用。做某事做某事 (表示動作，是非延續(xù)性動詞短語表示動作，是非延續(xù)性動詞短語) determine on determine onupon .決定決定 determine that determine thatwhat .決定決定 det

9、ermine sb determine sbto do sth.使某人決定做某事使某人決定做某事 determine sb. against sth. determine sb. against sth.使某人決定不做使某人決定不做某事某事 be determined to do sth. be determined to do sth.決心做某事決心做某事 (表示表示狀態(tài)，可與表示時間段的狀語連用狀態(tài)，可與表示時間段的狀語連用) -We determine to go to the railway -We determine to go to the railway station at o

10、nce.station at once.我們決定立刻去火車站。我們決定立刻去火車站。 -The court determined that the man was -The court determined that the man was guilty of assault. guilty of assault. 法庭裁定那個人犯了侵犯法庭裁定那個人犯了侵犯人身罪。人身罪。-That determined her against leaving home. 那件事使她決定不離開家了。拓展determined adj. 堅決的，有決心的determination n. 決心-I was det

11、ermined to make it as a jazz musician.我決定要成為一名爵士樂音樂家。 提示be determined to do與determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示狀態(tài)，可與某段時間狀語連用；后者表示動作，是非延續(xù)性的動詞短語。類似的短語還有：prepare forbe prepared for，worry aboutbe worried about。marry / be married 這類結(jié)構(gòu)?？疾榉衷~作狀語的用法。單項填空He left school early and as an adolescent, to make his fortune

12、 in America. A. is determined B. had be determined C. Determined D. determining 解析：選C?？疾閐etermine的用法。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)使用be determined to結(jié)構(gòu)，此處determined為形容詞作伴隨狀語。3. insist v. 堅持；堅決要求You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要堅持，就稍后再來吧。結(jié)構(gòu)：insist on/upon sth./(sbs) doing sth.堅持某事/要求（某人）做某事insist that .(should)堅持

13、I still insist on my view point. 我仍然堅持我的觀點。 He insisted on paying for the meal. 他堅持要付飯錢。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves.媽媽堅決要求我們自己洗衣服。 提示insist當(dāng)“堅決要求”、“堅持主張”解時，后面的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即謂語部分用“should+動詞原形”或直接用動詞原形； 如果insist當(dāng)“堅持（認為；說）”解時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣。單項填空The man insisted _- a taxi for me eve

14、n though I told him I lived nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 解析：選C。insist on doing sth.是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“堅持做某事”。I advised that he _ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quite well then.A. be sent; was feeling B. was sent; felt C. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel 解

15、析：選A。advise引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中的謂語動詞不管什么人稱都應(yīng)用should do; should也可以省去，只用動詞原形表述事實。insist在此處意為“堅持認為”。故選A。4. once 用法較多，意思也比較豐富，既可以用作連詞，也可以用作副詞。once用作連詞時，意為“一旦就”，連接時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于as soon as。once用作副詞時，意為“曾經(jīng)；一度；從前”。它是一個不確定的時間副詞，其位置一般是在行為動詞之前，系動詞之后。once用作副詞，也可意為“一次”。 -Once you start, you will never give up. 一旦開始了，你就不要放棄。 -

16、Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了規(guī)則，物理就不難學(xué)了。Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.他曾經(jīng)居住在美國，但現(xiàn)在他生活在英國。_His song was once very popular among the young people.他的歌曾經(jīng)在年輕人中很流行。_The old professor comes to see us once a week.那個老教授一周來看我們一次。_Tell us the story once m

17、ore.把那個故事再給我們講一遍。 拓展 at once 立刻；馬上once again再一次；又一次（相當(dāng)于once more）all at once突然（相當(dāng)于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；從前once in a while偶爾；間或once/as soon asonce偏重于條件，而as soon as偏重于時間。_Once you see the film, youd never forget it(不宜用as soon as).你一旦看了這部電影，你就永遠不會忘記它。_As soon as he got off the plane, we wanted

18、to say hello to him(不宜用once).他一下飛機，我們就想向他打招呼。語法填空 _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) to recover. A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once 解析：選D。句子為once引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，意為“一旦；一就”。句意為：一旦環(huán)境遭到損害，就需要許多年才能使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)。even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”。 if only意為“要是就好了”，引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。whi

19、le意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。故選D。 _ you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty.A. Once B. Unless C. As D. Until 解析：選A?？疾橛蒾nce引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，意為“一旦”。句意為：一旦明白了這條規(guī)則，就再也沒有困難了。view n. 風(fēng)景；視野；觀點；見解 vt. 觀看；注視；考慮_The house has a view over the sea. 這座房子面向大海，視野開闊。 _What is your view on school punishm

20、ents? 你對學(xué)校的處罰有什么看法？_The plan was viewed favorably. 這項計劃是受到稱贊的。 拓展 in ones view 在某人看來come into view 進入視野，看得見 in full view (of sb./sth.) 完全看得見 in view of sth. 鑒于，考慮到，由于with a view to sth.to doing sth.為了，指望_Several possible buyers have come to view the house.幾個可能是買主的人來看過房子。買主的人來看過房子。完型填空On the top of t

21、his mountain, you can get a wonderful_ of the nearby hills.A.sight B. view C. distance D. look解析：選B。get a view of為固定搭配，意為“看到的景象”。 重點短語6. care about 關(guān)心；擔(dān)心；在乎；喜歡 _I really care about my work. 我真的關(guān)心我的工作。聯(lián)想拓展care for 喜愛；照顧；重視take care 當(dāng)心take care of 照料; 關(guān)懷; 處理under the care of由管理, 在的照料下, 在的保護下 with care

22、 小心, 慎重_She doesnt care for that colour 她不喜歡那種顏色。_He spent years caring for his sick mother 他數(shù)年里一直在照顧生病的母親。_I do care for what my teacher says. 我的確尊重老師說的話。完型填空That old man is so greedy(貪婪的) that he _ nothing but money, not even his relatives. A. look about B. search for C. cares about D. takes care

23、of (1)解析：選C?？疾槎陶Z辨析。look about到處看；search for尋找，相當(dāng)于look for；care about關(guān)心；在乎；take care of照料。完成句子他一點也不關(guān)心別人，只想著自己。 He doesnt care _ other people at all; he is always thinking of himself.愛因斯坦對金錢不感興趣，對薪水也不計較。_Einstein who cared little money never cared_ his salary.(aboutfor; about7.change ones mind改變主意。May

24、be youll change your mind after thinking it over. 也許你仔細考慮之后會改變主意。拓展 make up ones mind (to do) 下定決心（做某事） have a/no mind to do 有/無意做 lose ones mind 失去理智 read ones mind 看出某人的心思 speak ones mind 直言不諱 be of the same mind 意見一致 be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give ones mind to 注意 keep ones mind on 專心于 take ones mi

25、nd off sth. 轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意 bear/keep sth. in mind 記住某事 bring/call sth. to mind 回憶某事 put ones mind to sth. 全神貫注于某事I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.我已經(jīng)下定決心要離開，不管你說什么我都不會改變主意了。Ive made up my mind to be a doctor.Nothing will make me change my mind.8. give in 屈服，讓步，投降；上交拓展give

26、 in (to sb./sth.) 向讓步 give up sth./doing 放棄（做）某事 give away 贈送；泄露give back 歸還；恢復(fù)give off 放出，散發(fā)(光、熱、煙、氣味等)give out分配；分發(fā)；發(fā)布；（食物，燃料，電力等）被用光；筋疲力盡Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in (to my view). 由于無法說服我，他不得不讓步。Our food supply at last gives out.我們的食物終于用完了。 His strength gave out.他已筋疲力盡。

27、完型填空 It is always the husband who _first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple. A. give away B. gives out C. gives in D. gives off解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意為：當(dāng)年輕夫妻之間發(fā)生爭吵時，最先讓步的總是丈夫。give away 贈送，泄露，出賣；give out 分發(fā)，用完，消耗盡；give in 投降，屈服，讓步；give off 放出，散發(fā)出。重點句型9. Which kind of transport do you prefer

28、 to use: bus or train? 汽車和火車，你更喜歡使用哪種交通方式？ prefer to do (rather than do) 意為“寧可；寧愿（表選擇）”或者“更喜歡做某事”。 其本身帶有l(wèi)ike better的含義，所以不能再與表示程度的better或more連用。 拓展prefer sth. 喜歡某事/物prefer doing sth. 更喜歡做某事prefer+to do sth. （表示特定場合下）更喜歡做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事prefer A to B 寧愿A 而不愿Bprefer doing A to doing B寧愿

29、而不愿prefer to do A rather than do B寧愿做A而不愿做Bprefer + that-clause (虛擬語氣)+(should) +do喜歡做某事Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 你是喜歡自己做飯還是下館子？Their father prefers them to be home early.他們的父親寧愿他們早點回家。I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination. 我寧愿寫一篇學(xué)術(shù)論文也不愿參加考試。He pr

30、eferred to die rather than become a traitor.他寧死也不做叛徒。Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你寧愿讓我星期一來而不是星期二來嗎？ My sister _ singing _ dancing while I_ dance sing. A、prefers; to; would rather; than B. would rather; than; prefer; to C. prefers; rather than; would rather; t

31、o D. would rather; to; prefer; to解析：選A?？疾楣潭ù钆?。prefer的搭配是：prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do， 因此A項正確。-When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experien

32、ce.當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。 “.the air would be hard to breathe .”是“主語+系動詞+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中不定式的謂語與主語在意義上是動賓關(guān)系，但要用主動形式表示被動意義，不定式后面如果是不及物動詞要在其后加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~與主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。 這一類的形容詞通?？梢悦枥L主語的情緒、態(tài)度、品質(zhì)屬性或者難易程度，如：hard, difficult, easy, nice, interesting, important, pleasant和comfortable等。Your writing is impos

33、sible to read. 你寫的字太難辨認了。Do you think the water is safe to drink?你認為這水喝起來安全嗎？The chair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable to sit on. 這把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起來很舒服。 語法填空.有時候她很不容易理解。She was difficult _ （understand）at times. to understand 他是唯一一個被授予這種榮譽的外國人。He was the only foreigner _ such an honour. to be given- A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有決心的人總是努力完成工作，不管它有多么難。 no matter how .引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“無論多么”，how后跟形容詞或副詞，相當(dāng)于“however + adj./adv.”句式。聯(lián)想拓展no matter意為“無論；不管”時，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what (who/when/where etc. ). 分別表示“無論何事”、“無論何人”、“