被動語態(tài) (9)

1、紅城中學紅城中學 張建榮張建榮 n英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài),主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。n主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者n例如：Many people speak English.n He opened the door.他開了門他開了門nWe can repair this watch in two days.n被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。n例如 English is spoken by many people. nThe door was opened.門被開了。門被開了。nThis watch ca

2、n be repaired by us in two days.2. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:“助動詞助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。即：構(gòu)成。即：be+vt.p.p助動詞助動詞be的變化是根據(jù)人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。的變化是根據(jù)人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。3、 被動動態(tài)的使用：被動動態(tài)的使用：不知道不知道 或沒必要說出或沒必要說出 動作的執(zhí)行者時，用被動語態(tài)。動作的執(zhí)行者時，用被動語態(tài)。強調(diào)動作的承受時，用被動語態(tài)，可帶強調(diào)動作的承受時，用被動語態(tài)，可帶by短語。短語。4、及物、及物 動詞才有被動語態(tài)。動詞才有被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的主語大多數(shù)是物。被動語

3、態(tài)的主語大多數(shù)是物。1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南種植香焦。）海南種植香焦。）2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我們學校明年將種更多的樹我們學校明年將種更多的樹。）。）3.Were the trees planted by him.這些樹是他種的嗎這些樹是他種的嗎？9. The young trees must be look after well.(必須照看必須照看好小樹）好小樹）5. The building is being built. (那棟樓房正在建設(shè)中。）那棟樓

4、房正在建設(shè)中。）6.The homework has been finished yet. （家作已經(jīng)做完了。）（家作已經(jīng)做完了。）1. He teaches English in our school. English is taught in our school by him.語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換2 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day賓提前變主，主變介賓提前變主，主變介byby賓，賓，被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：bebe加加P PP P（過去分詞）（過去分詞）, ,時時態(tài)看主動態(tài)看主動請

5、看請看：主動語態(tài):主語主語謂語謂語賓語被動語態(tài):例：We clean our classroom every day. 主主 語語by+賓語賓語be+過去分詞Our classroom is cleaned by us every day注意注意把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時，句子把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時，句子的的時態(tài)不能變時態(tài)不能變。如上例，所給的主。如上例，所給的主動句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，改為被動語動句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，改為被動語態(tài)時也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。態(tài)時也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。如果主動句中的主語是人稱代詞，如果主動句中的主語是人稱代詞，改為被動句時作改為被動句時作介詞介詞by的賓語，要的賓語，要用賓格用賓

6、格。如上例中的主語。如上例中的主語we改為改為us。一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 amis are + v.p.p.1一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)： We use a recorder in our English class every day被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be +vt.p.p.A knife is used for cutting.A knife is not used for cutting.Is a knife used for cutting ?Yes, it is . No, it isnt.People grow bananas in Hainan.Bana

7、nas are grown in Hainan.A recorder is used in our English class every day.We planted many trees last years.Many trees were planted by us last year.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)： was/were+vt.P.PHe cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned yesterday.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：The car steal three

8、 days ago.The trees plant ten years ago.When the TV invent?My maths book (not bringthis morning .was stolenwere plantedwasnt broughtwasinvented3.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)He can repair this watch in to daysThis watch can be repaired in two days.We should plant these trees at onceThese trees should be plante

9、d at once含情態(tài)動詞的被動語含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be +vt.P.PHe will teach Unit 7. Unit 7 will be taught by her.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：Will/shall+be +vt.PPThey will plant many more trees next yearMore trees next year will be planted by them next year 4.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：一般將來時的被動語態(tài)： Many countries have sent up satellit

10、es into space. Satellites have been sent up into space by many countries .現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語:Have/has+been +PPI have given the book to the libraryThe book has been given to the library5.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語:現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)： be+being+ppOur teacher is teaching Unit 6.They are watering the flowers.

11、Unit 6 is being taught by Ourteacher . The flowers are being planted by them6. 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.She gave me a book.如如 遇雙賓語，最好變間賓（人），如若遇雙賓語，最好變間賓（人），如若變直賓（物），間賓前加介詞變直賓（物），間賓前加介詞to/for（give pass,lend,write, buy）Her father bought her a new wa

12、tchShe was bought a new watch by her fatherA new watch was bought for her by her father7.含有雙賓語的被動語含有雙賓語的被動語態(tài)態(tài)He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.這些動詞真奇怪，這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中主動句中to 離開，被動句離開，被動句中中to回回 來來(listen to , hear ,look at , see, watch ,feel, make/have, let ,help)8.主動語態(tài)中動詞不定式作賓語補足語

13、省略to I saw many students play soccer on the playground Many students were saw to play soccer on the playground They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含動詞短語的被注意：含動詞短語的被動語態(tài)，須將其看作一動語態(tài)，須將其看作一個整體，不可把它們分個整體，不可把它們分隔開來。隔開來。9. 含動詞短語的被動語態(tài)，含動詞短語的被動語態(tài)，The young trees must be l

14、ook after wellWe must look after the trees well1.Bananas in Hainan.(海南種植香焦。）海南種植香焦。）2.Many more trees in our school next year.（我們學校明年將種更多的樹我們學校明年將種更多的樹。）。）3. the trees by him.這些樹是他種這些樹是他種的嗎的嗎？9. The young trees well.(必須照看必須照看好小樹）好小樹）5. The building (那棟樓房正在建設(shè)那棟樓房正在建設(shè)中。）中。）6.The homework yet. （家作已經(jīng)做完了

15、。）（家作已經(jīng)做完了。）are grownwill be plantedWereplantedmust be look afteris being builthas been finishedDDBDD將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，每空一詞。將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，每空一詞。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card