抗微生物藥物概論

1、會計學(xué)1抗微生物藥物概論抗微生物藥物概論23即殺滅或者抑制微生物生長或繁殖的藥物，包括抗菌藥物、抗病毒藥物、抗滴蟲原蟲藥物、抗支原體衣原體立克次體藥物等，但不包括抗寄生蟲藥物。青霉素類、頭飽菌素類，氨基糖苷類，大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類、四環(huán)素類、氯霉素類、林可霉素類等。4567抗菌藥物病原菌抗菌作用耐藥性抗病能力防治作用&不良反應(yīng)體內(nèi)過程機 體致 病8intrinsic versus acquiredImmune responseabsorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination910Drug classificationsBacteriostatic

2、:inhibit the growth and replication, but does not kill.Examples Sulfonamides Trimethoprim Chloramphenicol Tetracycline Erythromycin Clindamycin Examples -Lactams Quinolones Vancomycin Aminoglycosides (most)Bacteriocidal:kill susceptiblebacteria.111213141516Inhibition of cell wall synthesis17細胞膜細胞壁外膜

3、磷脂青霉素結(jié)合蛋白青霉素結(jié)合蛋白脂蛋白黏肽1819Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane抗真菌的多烯抗真菌的多烯類抗生素類抗生素細胞膜上固醇細胞膜上固醇類物質(zhì)類物質(zhì)細胞膜通透性細胞膜通透性增加增加細菌體內(nèi)重要細菌體內(nèi)重要成分外漏成分外漏細菌死亡細菌死亡抗抗G G- -菌多肽類菌多肽類抗生素抗生素細胞膜內(nèi)磷脂細胞膜內(nèi)磷脂吡咯類抗菌藥吡咯類抗菌藥抑制固醇類合抑制固醇類合成成2021222324第三節(jié) 抗（耐）藥性(resistance)2526272829303132避免細菌耐藥性的產(chǎn)生避免細菌耐藥性的產(chǎn)生333435應(yīng)用原則應(yīng)用原則363738W

4、hat is a Bacteriostatic and Bacteriocidal?inhibit the growth and replication, but does not killkill susceptible bacteria39What is a mechanisms of antimicrobial agents?A. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis B. Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane C. Inhibition of protein synthesis D. Inhibition

5、 of nucleic acid synthesis E. Inhibition of folic acid synthesis404142Drug classificationsBacteriostatic:inhibit the growth and replication, but does not kill.Examples Sulfonamides Trimethoprim Chloramphenicol Tetracycline Erythromycin Clindamycin Examples -Lactams Quinolones Vancomycin Aminoglycosi

6、des (most)Bacteriocidal:kill susceptiblebacteria.43Inhibition of cell wall synthesis44Inhibition of functions of cellular membrane抗真菌的多烯抗真菌的多烯類抗生素類抗生素細胞膜上固醇細胞膜上固醇類物質(zhì)類物質(zhì)細胞膜通透性細胞膜通透性增加增加細菌體內(nèi)重要細菌體內(nèi)重要成分外漏成分外漏細菌死亡細菌死亡抗抗G G- -菌多肽類菌多肽類抗生素抗生素細胞膜內(nèi)磷脂細胞膜內(nèi)磷脂吡咯類抗菌藥吡咯類抗菌藥抑制固醇類合抑制固醇類合成成45第三節(jié) 抗（耐）藥性(resistance)46What is a Bacteriostatic a