備戰(zhàn)2021年中考英語(仁愛版)-介詞-專項復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案(含答案)

1、備戰(zhàn)2021年中考英語(仁愛版)-介詞專項復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案一.表示“標準或單位”的介詞：at, for, by(l)at 表示“以速度”“以價格 He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小時8英里的速度行駛。I sold my car at a high price.我以高價出售了我 的汽車。(2)for JIJ交換 I bought it for 20 dollars.買它花了我 20 美元。 How much forthese apples?這些蘋果多少錢？ at與for都表示價格，但at表示“單價”，for表 示總價再后一般跟“price”這個詞，而

2、for后只能跟總錢數(shù)。 如:I bought it at a low price.我買它的價格很低。I bought it at the price of $80 a pound.我以每磅 80美元的價格買的它。I sold it for $10.我10美元把它賣掉了。by以計，后跟度量單位 Gold is sold by the gram.金以克出售。They paidhim by the month他們按月給他計酬。2,表示“材料”的介詞：of, from, in(l)of表示從成品仍可看出原料。This box is made of paper.這個盒子是紙做的。 This salad

3、is made of apples and strawberries.這種沙拉是由蘋果和草莓做的。 (2)from表示從成品已看不出原料。Bread is made from wheat.面包是小麥做的。 The lifeboat is made from some special material.這個救生艇是由某種特殊材料制 成的。in 用材料。常用 write, speak, talk, answer 等連用。Please fill in the formin pencil first.請先用鉛筆填寫這個表格。They talk in English.他們用英語交談。 in指材料時，材料

4、前不用冠詞。比較：用鉛筆畫3,表示“工具或手段”的介詞：by, with, onby憑借“工具或手段(多用于交通工具)如：by bus乘公共汽車，by plane乘飛 機 He usually goes to work by bike.他通常騎車去上班。 He sent the news to me bye-mail.他通過電子郵件發(fā)給了我這一消息。表示搭乘交通工具時，既可用by, 乂可用in,區(qū)別在于用by時，表示交通工具的名詞前不能加冠詞，而用in時名 詞前必須加冠詞。with 用匚具 He broke the window with a stone.他用石頭把玻 Hestopped th

5、e ball with his right foot.他用腳把球停住。 with 表示“用 工具” 時，工具前必須加冠詞或物主代詞。(3)on以方式。多用于固定詞組。They talked on the telephone他們通過電話進行交談。She learns English on the radio /on TV.她通過收音機/電視學(xué)英語。4 .表示“關(guān)于”的介詞:of, about, onof僅指關(guān)于“人或事物的存在，如： He spoke of the film the other day.ltil 前幾天提到了這部影片。He thought of this matter yeste

6、rday.他昨天想到了這件 事。 He thought about this matter yesterday.他昨天考慮了這件事。(2)about指“關(guān)于某人或某事物的較詳細的情況。It* s a book for children about Africa and its people.它是一本供兒童閱讀的關(guān)于非洲和非洲人的書。Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告訴我一些關(guān)于你自己的事情嗎？on是指關(guān)于學(xué)術(shù)性的或嚴肅的，供專門研究用的。It* s a textbook on the history of China.它是一本有關(guān)中國歷史的

7、教科書。5,表示“原因、理由”的介詞：for, at, from, of, with(l)for 表示一般的理由”常與 famous, punish 等詞連用。Xi an is famous for its long history.西安因歷史悠久而著名。 The city is well known for her large population.這座城市以人口眾多而知名。(2)at 一般指“情感”的原因，通常放在表示“驚訝或喜悅等感情”的動詞或形 容詞之后，表示“因聽到或看到而She got angry at his words.她因為他的話生氣了。 He was surprised a

8、t the news.聽到這消息他大吃一驚。from表示“外在的原因”。如受傷、車禍等。He died from the wound.他因受 傷而致死。 Her son was badly hurt in a traffic accident.她兒子在一次車禍中嚴重 受傷。(4)of表示“內(nèi)在的原因“，如病、餓等到。He died of cancer.他死于癌癥。The old man died of hunger.老人死于饑餓。(5)with表示“由外在影響到肉體或心理”的原因。 He shook with cold.他因寒 冷而發(fā)抖。 He shouted loudly with ange

9、r.他氣得大喊大叫。5 .like, as(l)like像一樣(其實不是)The little tiger looks like a cat.這只小老虎看起來像只貓。 The moon cakes are like the moon.月餅像月亮。(2)as作為，以身份(其實是)He was hanged as a spy.他被作為間諜絞死了。He talk to me as a father.他以父親的身份跟我談話。7 .against, for against 反對，與 for 是反義詞，如：Are you for my idea or against it?你贊同還是反對我的想法？ The

10、y fought against the enemy.他們抗擊敵人。8 . besides, except 都表示除了besides 的用法就等于 aswellas。He is interested in tennis besides（as well as）football.除 了 足球,他還對網(wǎng)球感興趣。 besides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“除之外還、除 之外乂，表示兩部分的相似性。Twenty-five students went to the cinemabesides him.除他以外，還有25個學(xué)生去看了電影。（他和另外25人都去了）We like biol

11、ogy besides English.除了英語外，我們還喜歡生物。（生物和英語都喜歡） （2）except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“撇開不談”， 表示兩部分的不同。Every one is excited except me.除我以外的每個人都很激動。 （他們激動,而我卻不激動）All the visitors are Japanese except him.除他以外的 所有游客都是日本人。（其他人是日本人，可他不是）在以下幾種情況中，介詞 常常省略。1.當表示時間的詞前有 this, that, next, last, every, each, some, any

12、, all 等時，介詞應(yīng)省略。 We watched an exciting football match last week.（last week 前不能用介詞in等）上周我們看了一場激動人心的足球賽。Come any day you like.你想哪天都行。Come on any day you like.（X） next前可以加冠詞，但意義 不同。Next week下周（以現(xiàn)在為起點）the next week第二周（以過去某時為起 點）2.表示時間的名詞前有不定冠詞，且不定冠詞作“每一”解時，前面不 用介詞，每小時 80 英里。80milesinanhour.（X） 80milesan

13、hour.（） An apple aday keeps the doctor away.每天吃一個蘋果，醫(yī)生不找我。3.含有way的短語。 如:in the same way, in this/that way, in another way 等用于句末時,in 常省略。 She did it the same way.她用同樣的方法做的。習(xí)題演練一、單選題1 .Mrs. Green stood the window, expecting her husband to come back from the war.A. pastB. throughC. acrossD. by2 .-How n

14、ice the fish tastes! Could you tell me who taught you to cook it?-To be honest, I learnt it _ watching TV. I learn to cook many dishes _ TV.A. by; inB. by; onC. in; onD. in; in3 .Many teenagers put mobile gaming other things and spend too much time on it.Thafs really bad.A. up toB. as forC. ahead of

15、D. along with1.1 n China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more people want to knowabout the largest radio telescope（望遠鏡）in the world.A. in personB. in publicC. in space5 .I believe Chinese government will win the fight the Coronavirus （冠狀病毒）.I think so. Chinese people are very bra

16、ve the face of difficulties.A. with; inB. against; inC. with; toD. against; to6 .Peng Liyuan is known Chinese people a beautiful and popular singer.D. for; asD. in all dayD. holding; because ofA. to; asB. to; ofC. for; as7 .Ann kept silent because her little brother broke her toy.A. on dayB. all the

17、 dayC. all day8 .We have to put off our sports meetingthe bad weather.A. hold;because B. hold;because of C. holding;because9 .the difficulties, there will also be many exciting things waiting for you.A. ExceptB. BesideC. Along withD. Along10 .What are you doing?Im looking the kids. They should be ba

18、ck for lunch now.A. afterB. atC. forD. up11.1 think _js necessarymy 20-year-old daughter to have her own mobile.A. that; ofB. it; ofC. that; forD. it; for12.Tve ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrivetwo hours.A. inB. afterC. overD. for13.1 know nothing about the young manthat he is fr

19、om America.A.exceptB. except forC. besideD. besides14.1 felt sorry my teacher because of my mistake.A. toB. forC. withD. in15., I found the job boring, but soon I got used to it.A. To start withB. First of allC. Without doubtD. After all16 .You should come to school.A. in timeB. on timeC. at the sam

20、e timeD. all the time17 . All the students went to the school trip Jim. Why? Because he was ill.A. besideB. besidesC. withD. except18 .The new shopping mall was last year. It soon became popular young people.A. come up; onB. built up; betweenC. set up; among19 .A Chinese surveying team successfully

21、reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest place of the planet,May 27, 2020.A. onB. inC. atD. from20 .They won the gold medal for China, so were proud them.A. onB. inC. ofD. for21 .The Qingming Festival of this year falls April 5th and thousands of cars poured intohigh-ways the early morning o

22、f the holiday.A. on; inB. in; onC. on; onD. in; in22 .He makes a living selling newspaper.A. inB. forC. byD. with23 .To my great joy, my family is always me whatever I decide to do.A. behindB. toC. fromD. against24 .Online PE classes are really special. Its fun to think that all my classmates are ju

23、mping up and down at home at the same time.It*s good us all to stay in shape.A. withB. ofC. for25 .This is a small room, so Carla made a request a large room.A. atB. inC. forD. by26 .A good student connects what he reads what he sees around him.A. forB. withC. inD. on1.1 1 usually get up early the m

24、orning.A. inB. onC. at28 .Marks friends tried to get rid his idea of selling his company, but failed.A. withB. ofC. fromD. for29 .Tm going out. Ill be back an hour.A. atB. onC. inD. from30 .What do you think of Internet?1 often chat with my friends on line. I cant imagine my life Internet.A. without

25、B. withC. on31 .Yesterday our headmaster made a speech environmental protection, and welearned something about recycling of waste.A. onB. atC. to32 .This new model of car is so expensive that it is the reach of those young people with low pay.A. againstB. overC. belowD. beyond33 .Who is the perfect

26、person the new monitor?Alice. We all thought she should be the most suitable choice while together.A. as; discussed B. for; discussing C. as; discussing D. for; discusses 34.AII of us went to the park Bob. He had to look after his sister.A. besidesB. withC. exceptD. except for35 .You wont want to vi

27、sit any other mountain if you have seen Wu yue, but you wont wish to see even Wu yue returning from Mount Huangshan.A. aboutB. beforeC. sinceD. after36 .With a school built in the village, the children needn*t climb the mountain for study.A. overB. atC. forD. in37 .This camera is very similar that o

28、ne.Yes. I have some trouble you which is better.A. as; tellingB. with; to tellC. to; to tell38 .Which would you prefer; tea or coffee?1 prefer coffee milk.A. toB. orC. rather than39 . Did Jenny play the role the princess in the play?Yes, she did. The prince saved her and fell in love her.A. with; atB. as; inC. of; to40 .your help, I cant get good grades.A. WithB. WithoutC. For41 .David suddenly felt nervous. After all, it was his first time to goD. to; tellingD. withD. of; withD. AboutA. on the stageB. across the deskC. out of room42.Who is the space scienti