主謂一致 (7)

1、必修四必修四 Unit 1 GrammarSubject-Verb Agreement ( (主謂一致主謂一致)語(yǔ)法一致語(yǔ)法一致就近原則就近原則意義一致意義一致就遠(yuǎn)原則就遠(yuǎn)原則“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” 作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)一致一致主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)形單意復(fù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)形單意復(fù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)形復(fù)意單，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)主語(yǔ)形復(fù)意單，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近他的主語(yǔ)。取決于最靠近他的主語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法一致語(yǔ)法一致1Trousers、scissors、 clothes,

2、goods、glasses、shoes、 chopsticks、等做主語(yǔ)時(shí)等做主語(yǔ)時(shí) .the+形容詞形容詞 表示一類人時(shí)表示一類人時(shí).主語(yǔ)復(fù)謂語(yǔ)復(fù)主語(yǔ)復(fù)謂語(yǔ)復(fù) ; 主語(yǔ)單主語(yǔ)單-謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)單單-謂復(fù)謂復(fù)a kind of /a pair of / a series of - 謂單謂單-謂復(fù)謂復(fù) 3. 不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí).4.some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞做主語(yǔ)定代詞做主語(yǔ) -謂單謂單-謂單謂單Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.Whether well go depen

3、ds on the weather. Something _ (has / have) happened.Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. hasbreaks5. twenty percent, the rest, two thirds / half + of 單名（代）單名（代）+單動(dòng)單動(dòng) all , a part, some 復(fù)名（代）復(fù)名（代）+復(fù)動(dòng)復(fù)動(dòng) most, a lot, lots plenty, part Ten percent of the pupils _ absent today. Thr

4、ee-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea.areis1.The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them _ not. A. was B. were C. being D. to be2.The following _ some newly published popular magazines. A. is B. are C. was D. has3._ good exercise. A. Climbing hills is B. Climbing the hill is C. Th

5、e climbing hills are D. The climbing of hills areBBA 如果名詞詞組的中心詞是如果名詞詞組的中心詞是,most, rest, some, a lot of, part of等詞，等詞，所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；反之用單形式；反之用單 數(shù)。如：數(shù)。如：and連結(jié)的主語(yǔ)：連結(jié)的主語(yǔ)： 表示表示同一人同一人/物物時(shí)時(shí)(此時(shí)此時(shí)and無(wú)冠詞無(wú)冠詞) -謂語(yǔ)單謂語(yǔ)單 表示表示不同不同的人的人/物時(shí)物時(shí)(此時(shí)此時(shí)and有冠詞有冠詞) -謂語(yǔ)復(fù)謂語(yǔ)復(fù)The worker and writer _(be) from Wu

6、han.那個(gè)工人兼作家那個(gè)工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家 is isareareThe League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. isB. was C. are D. wereA knife and fork_ used to have meals.is（and 后無(wú)冠詞）后無(wú)冠詞） 指一副刀叉指一副刀叉（and 后無(wú)冠詞）后無(wú)冠詞） 指同一個(gè)人指同一個(gè)人The singer and

7、 dancer _ on the stage.is1 The singer and dancer _our meeting. A. is to attend B. are to attend C. is to join D. are to join2. Every doctor and every nurse _ a new hospital for SARS patients. A. has founded B. have found C. expects to found D. has to be found 意義一致意義一致His family _ all football fans.

8、A. is B. has been C. are being D. are 這類詞常有這類詞常有audience、class 、family、company、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team、club等。等。1.一些集體名詞做主語(yǔ)一些集體名詞做主語(yǔ) 如果看作一個(gè)整體，如果看作一個(gè)整體，-謂單謂單 如果指其中的成員，如果指其中的成員，-謂復(fù)謂復(fù) His family is is very large.他家是一個(gè)大家庭。他家是一個(gè)大家庭。 His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者。他的家人都是音樂(lè)愛(ài)

9、好者。The group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.is isareare 練一練：練一練：1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family_ (is, are) waiting for him.isdoisare6.

10、The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, have) spent two million yuan in planting trees.8. The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next years plan. havehashave5. The class (is, are) more than forty in numb

11、er.is1. Studying English _patience. A. call for B. calls for C. is called for D. calls in2. What you said _ quite to the point. A. has B. are C. were D. is3. The public _ the best judge because the public_ their thought correctly. A. are, express B. is; express C. is;express D. are Every means _ bee

12、n tried since then. No news _ good news. (is / are) Maths / physics _ the subject that I like most. (is / are)2. 有些以有些以-s 結(jié)尾的名詞雖形式是復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)尾的名詞雖形式是復(fù)數(shù)， 但意義上是單數(shù)（形復(fù)意單）謂語(yǔ)用單但意義上是單數(shù)（形復(fù)意單）謂語(yǔ)用單isishas這類詞常有這類詞常有news、maths、physics、the United States、works等。等。1. Mathematics _ the language of science. A. is B. are g

13、oing to be C. are 學(xué)科名詞，如學(xué)科名詞，如“mathematics, politics, physics 以及以及news, 等，形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。等，形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 另外：復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書，電影、戲劇、報(bào)刊、國(guó)家等名另外：復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書，電影、戲劇、報(bào)刊、國(guó)家等名稱時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。稱時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 2. His “selected Poems”_ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been 3. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs _ popular with

14、 people of all ages since it was made into the first full-length cartoon. A. were B. was C. has been D. is4.All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were5. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea. A. is B. are C. were D. has beenCDA形復(fù)意單的單詞有：形復(fù)意單的單詞有：news，works 和一些和一些以以s結(jié)尾的書名、

15、組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱（如：結(jié)尾的書名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱（如：“The Selected Poems of Li Bai”，the United States, the United Nations）以及以以及以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱（如：結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱（如：physics，politics，maths，economics等）等）_ The cattle _ in the shed. The police _ searching for him. (is / are)3. 有些形式是單數(shù)有些形式是單數(shù) （總稱），（總稱）， 但意義上是但意義上是 復(fù)數(shù)（形單意單）謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)（形單意單）謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)area

16、re這類詞常有這類詞常有people、police、cattle等。等。Every means has been tried.All the means have been tried.4. 單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 應(yīng)根據(jù)意義決定單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)意義決定單復(fù)數(shù)這類詞常有這類詞常有means、species、Chinese等。等。Neither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is

17、B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B5.代詞作主語(yǔ)代詞作主語(yǔ)neither ofnone of不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞+可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞neither + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready.3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready.4. None of them _ (has/have) watched4. None of them _

18、 (has/have) watched the talk show. the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people _ doctors. 1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. have C. are D. was A. has B. have C. are D. was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. A. was B. is C. were D. is used to be

19、A. was B. is C. were D. is used to beCB就近原則就近原則 A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B 謂語(yǔ)就近原則謂語(yǔ)就近原則我們教室里有一臺(tái)電視機(jī)和我們教室里有一臺(tái)電視機(jī)和56張桌子張桌子.There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.存在句存在句: There be . 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) Her

20、e There+Verb A and B A , B and C謂語(yǔ)就近原則謂語(yǔ)就近原則 Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isareis_1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Not the teacher，but the students

21、_ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another A. is B. are Cam Dbe4. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais B. are Cam Dbe5. Either she or you_ going to visit Beiji

22、ng.A. is B. are Cam Dbe就遠(yuǎn)原則就遠(yuǎn)原則“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” ，謂語(yǔ)與，謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)一一致致 with together with A. + along with + B + V (謂語(yǔ)就遠(yuǎn)謂語(yǔ)就遠(yuǎn)) but, unlike except ,including besides, as well as 1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily c

23、ommunication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)A A保持一致保持一致 All All butbut one _(be) here just now. one _(be) here just now. A library A library with with five thousand books _(be) offered to five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift.the nati

24、on as a gift. A peasant A peasant together withtogether with some soldiers some soldiers _(be)_(be) about about to help us.to help us.werewereis isis is1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas

25、come Dhave come3. Everything, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening. A. is B. was C. are D. were7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _

26、 in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (這種書這種書) , 其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù); 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)) (這一類人這一類人), 但但this kind of men 的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù), men of this kind 和和these kind of men 的謂的謂語(yǔ)

27、用復(fù)數(shù)語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù), all kinds of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous.2. 在主謂倒裝的句子中在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。例如與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。例如: Between the two windows hangs a picture.3. “a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”- 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)復(fù)復(fù) “the number of + 名詞名詞”- 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)單單A number of student

28、s have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.The number of pages in this book is two hundred.4. a (large) quantity of +可數(shù)或不可數(shù)或不 可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)。 A large quantity of people is needed here.quantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞, 謂謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.5. 表示數(shù)量的表示數(shù)量的one and a half 后后, 名詞名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式要用復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： One and a half bananas is left on the table.小試牛刀小試牛刀1. Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meetin