歷年考研英語真題翻譯長難句匯編

1、歷年考研英語真題翻譯長難句匯編2009年：1. It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience ; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.譯文：可以說，衡量任何社會制度的價(jià)值在于它對擴(kuò)大和改進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響，但是這種影響并不是它最初動機(jī)的組成部分。2. Only gradually was the byproduct of the in

2、stitution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. 譯文：只有逐步才能注意到一種制度的副作用，而要承認(rèn)這種副作用是執(zhí)行該制度的一種規(guī)定性因素則更加緩慢。3. While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy

3、 as in dealing with adults .譯文：在和年輕人交往時(shí)，我們?nèi)菀缀雎宰约旱男袨閷λ麄冃愿竦挠绊?，但是在與成人打交道時(shí)卻并不如此容易。4. Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. 譯文：既然我們的主要任務(wù)是讓年輕人參與共同生活，我們禁不住要考慮是否我們正在形成獲

4、得這種能力的力量。5. We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of educationthat of direct tuition or schooling. 譯文：因此，我們要在從一直考慮的整個(gè)教育過程中辨認(rèn)出一種比較正規(guī)的教育直接教育或者學(xué)校教育。2008年：1. He believes that this very difficulty may have had the co

5、mpensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 譯文：他 達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為，正是這種困難起了彌補(bǔ)作用，使他長時(shí)間專注地思考每個(gè)句子，從而能在推理和親自觀察中發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的錯(cuò)誤。2. He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract t

6、rain of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.譯文：他還認(rèn)為，在深入理解冗長且完全抽象的一系列觀點(diǎn)方面，自己的能力非常有限；因此，他曾深信自己在數(shù)學(xué)方面本來就不該獲得成功。3. On the other hand , he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a g

7、ood observer, he had no power of reasoning.譯文：另一方面，一些批評家指責(zé)說，盡管他善于觀察，但卻不能推理，他對此既不接受且認(rèn)為毫無根據(jù)。4He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”譯文：他謙虛地補(bǔ)充說，或許他“和普通人相比，更能注意到他們?nèi)菀缀雎缘募?xì)節(jié)，更能對這些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)觀察”。5. D

8、arwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.譯文：達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為，失去對音樂和繪畫方面的興趣，不僅失去了幸福，還可能損傷智力，甚至更可能敗壞道德。2007年：1. Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions

9、as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.譯文：傳統(tǒng)上，這些院校一直把學(xué)習(xí)法律看作是律師專有的特權(quán)，而不是每個(gè)受過教育的人所必備的一部分知識才能。2. On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a da

10、ily basis as they cover and comment on the news.譯文：另一方面，通過采取與新聞記者在報(bào)道和評論新聞時(shí)一樣的聯(lián)系方式，法律把這些觀念同日常生活實(shí)際聯(lián)系了起來。3. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the new

11、media. 譯文：但是，新聞記者必須比普通公民更深刻地了解法律，這種觀點(diǎn)是基于對新聞媒體既定習(xí)俗和特殊責(zé)任的認(rèn)識基礎(chǔ)之上的。4. In fact , it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian constitution can do a competent job on political stories.譯文：事實(shí)上，那些沒有清楚把握加拿大憲法基本特征的新聞記者是如何能夠勝任政治新聞報(bào)道工作的，要想明白這一點(diǎn)是非常困難的。

12、5. While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.譯文：雖然律師提供的評論和反饋可能會豐富報(bào)道的容，但是新聞記者憑借自己的重要觀點(diǎn)做出自己的判斷則更加難能可貴。2006年：1. I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primar

13、y duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(格拉底)way about moral problems. 譯文：我認(rèn)為，知識分子的定義是這樣的：他選擇使用格拉底式的方式來思考道德問題，將此作為自己人生的首要任務(wù)，并從中獲得樂趣。2. His function is analogous to that of a judge , who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of r

14、easoning which led him to his decision. 譯文：他的職責(zé)與法官相似，要盡可能清楚明白地展示自己作出決定的推理過程，這是他必須承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。 3. I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems , he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems .譯文：

15、我將普通科學(xué)家排除在外的原因是，盡管他的成果可能有助于解決道德問題，但是他承擔(dān)的任務(wù)只不過是研究這些問題的事實(shí)方面而已。4. But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 譯文：但是，正如我們并不期望商人專注于探索商業(yè)行為的準(zhǔn)則一樣，普通科

16、學(xué)家的首要任務(wù)也不是考慮支配自己行為的道德規(guī)。5. They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.譯文：知識分子可能很善于教書，而且不僅僅是為了掙錢。但是，對于涉及道德判斷的人類問題，他們大多數(shù)人很少或者根本沒有進(jìn)行獨(dú)立思考。2005年：1. Television is one of the means by

17、 which these feelings are created and conveyedand perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe.譯文：電視是引發(fā)和傳播這些感受的方式之一在連接不同民族和國家之間的關(guān)系方面，電視以前也許還從來沒有像在歐洲最近發(fā)生的事件中那樣，起過如此重大的作用。2. In Europe , as elsewhere multimedia groups have been in

18、creasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another .譯文：像其他地方一樣，歐洲的多媒體集團(tuán)變得越來越成功，他們把相互之間關(guān)系密切的電視、廣播、報(bào)紙、雜志、組合在一起。3. This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a

19、fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 譯文：僅這一點(diǎn)就足以表明，要在電視行業(yè)里生存不是一件容易的事情；有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字進(jìn)一步說明了這個(gè)事實(shí)，在1989年歐洲80個(gè)電視網(wǎng)中，有50%以上的出現(xiàn)了虧損。4. Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to

20、 make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.譯文：不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)把歐洲大陸編織在一起，要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造出一種尊重這些不同文化和傳統(tǒng)的“歐洲特征”絕非易事，需要做出戰(zhàn)略性的選擇。5. In dealing with a challenge on such a scale , it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”.譯文：在應(yīng)對如此規(guī)模挑戰(zhàn)的過程中，可以毫不夸地說：“

21、聯(lián)合，我們就勝利；分裂，我們就失敗”。page2004年：1. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought ， which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.譯文：希臘人認(rèn)為，語言結(jié)構(gòu)與思維過程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系。早在人們認(rèn)識到語言可能是千差萬別的之前，這種觀點(diǎn)就在歐洲扎下了根。2. We are obliged to th

22、em because some of these languages have since vanished， as the people who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.譯文：我們非常感激他們，因?yàn)殡S著講這些語言的民族的消亡或者被同化，這些民族也就喪失了自己的本族語言，其中一些語言在此之后就不復(fù)存在了。3. The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well stu

23、died languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.譯文：新近被描述的語言與已被充分研究過的歐洲語言和東南亞語言明顯不同，因此有些學(xué)者甚至指責(zé)博爾斯和薩皮爾的資料是編造出來的。4. Being interested in the relationship of the language and thought ，Whorf developed the idea that the structure of the l

24、anguage determines the structure of habitual thought in a society .譯文：由于對語言與思維的關(guān)系非常感興趣，沃夫形成了這樣一個(gè)觀點(diǎn): 語言結(jié)構(gòu)決定一個(gè)社會的習(xí)慣思維結(jié)構(gòu)。5. Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which，in its strongest form，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can p

25、roduce farreaching consequences for the culture of a society. 譯文：沃夫進(jìn)而相信某種類似語言決定論的觀點(diǎn)，該觀點(diǎn)極端地認(rèn)為: 語言束縛思維，語言的語法結(jié)構(gòu)能夠?qū)σ粋€(gè)社會的文化產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。2003年：1. Furthermore ，humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live， thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 譯文：而

26、且，人類還有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境，從而使其他所有形式的生命服從與他們自己特有的想法和想象。2. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena. 譯文：社會科學(xué)是知識探索的一個(gè)分支，它試圖

27、像自然科學(xué)家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用理性的、有序的、系統(tǒng)的和客觀的方式來研究人類及其行為。3. The emphasis on data gathered firsthand ， combined with a crosscultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present ，makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. 譯文：強(qiáng)調(diào)收集第一手資料，并在分析過去和現(xiàn)在的文化時(shí)采用跨文化視角，使得這一研究成為一門獨(dú)特的、非

28、常重要的社會科學(xué)。4. Tylor defined culture as“that complex whole which includes belief，art，morals，law，custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”. 譯文：泰勒把文化定義為“一個(gè)復(fù)合整體，它包括人作為社會成員所獲得的信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其他的能力和習(xí)慣”。5. Thus，the anthropological concept of “culture” ，like the con

29、cept of “set” in mathematics，is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.譯文：因此，人類學(xué)中的“文化”的概念，就像數(shù)學(xué)中“集”的概念一樣，是一個(gè)抽象概念，它使得大量的具體研究和認(rèn)識成為可能?；蛘撸阂虼?，就像數(shù)學(xué)中“集”的概念一樣，人類學(xué)中的“文化”的概念是一個(gè)抽象概念，它使得大量的具體研究和認(rèn)識成為可能。2002年：1. One difficulty is that almost all of what is c

30、alled behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on .譯文：難題之一在于幾乎所有的所謂行為科學(xué)仍然是從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去探究行為的根源。2. The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed

31、 and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find .譯文：行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分地是因?yàn)閷π袨榈慕忉尯孟窠?jīng)?？梢灾苯佑^察到，部分地是因?yàn)橐恢彪y以找到其他的解釋。3. The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago , and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintai

32、ning the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.譯文：自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用僅僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而對于環(huán)境在塑造和維持個(gè)體行為中的選擇作用則剛剛才開始得到認(rèn)識和研究。4. They are the possessions of the autonomous selfgoverning man of traditional theory , and they are essential to practices in which a person is held resp

33、onsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.譯文：自由和尊嚴(yán)是傳統(tǒng)理論中自主人所擁有的東西，也是一個(gè)人在對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其成就而受到贊揚(yáng)的實(shí)踐中所必不可少的東西。5. Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems .譯文：除非這些問題得到解決，否則行為科學(xué)將會繼續(xù)受到排斥，

34、隨之，唯一有可能解決問題的方法也將受到排斥。2001年1. There will be television chat shows hosted by robots ， and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.譯文：屆時(shí)將會出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目，也會有裝備著污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦汽車的排污超標(biāo)，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。2. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips ， computers with in

35、built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools ， relaxation will be in front of smelltelevision， and digital age will have arrived.譯文：兒童將會與裝有個(gè)性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有個(gè)性置的計(jì)算機(jī)將成為人們的 工友而非工具，人們將在氣味電視前休閑，屆時(shí)數(shù)字時(shí)代就到來了。3. Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the w

36、orld to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place .譯文：皮爾遜把世界各地?cái)?shù)百位研究人員的成果匯集在一起，制成了一個(gè)具有獨(dú)特技術(shù)的千年歷，我們有望從中看到數(shù)百項(xiàng)重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)的最晚日期。4. But that，Pearson points out，is only the start of manmachine integr

37、ation : “It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century ”.譯文：但是皮爾遜指出，這個(gè)突破僅僅只是人機(jī)一體化的開始：它是人機(jī)一體化漫長道路的第一步，到下個(gè)世紀(jì)末之前，將會最終研制出完全電子化的仿真人。5. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and

38、operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorderkitchen rage .譯文：家用電器將會變得智能化，以至于對它們的控制和操作將會引發(fā)一種新的心理疾病廚房狂熱癥。2000年：1. Under modern conditions ，this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts . 譯文：在現(xiàn)代條件下，這要求不同程度的中央控制，因此需要獲得專業(yè)科學(xué)家的幫助，例如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和運(yùn)籌學(xué)領(lǐng)域的專家。2. Furthermore ，it is obvious