最新中考初中英語名詞講解與練習(xí)(帶答案)

1、中考初中英語名詞講解與練習(xí)（帶答案）課前問題：什么是名詞？解釋名詞的概念并做舉例說明。I.名詞的種類：II.數(shù)：1.規(guī)專啟名詞普通名詞名詞的則名詞的國名地名人名，團體 機構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞不口數(shù)名詞個體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下:規(guī)則例詞2.不規(guī) 則名詞 復(fù)數(shù)：英語里后1一般情況在詞尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-

2、dishes3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾變-f和-fe為v再加-esleaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves, wife-wives些名詞的 復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞加-sbe lief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs是不規(guī)則 的，現(xiàn)歸4以輔音字母加）加-es/結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為iparty-parties, family-families, story-stories city-cities納如下：5以兀音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ?名詞以y結(jié)尾的，力口 -stoy

3、-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays,Henry-Henrys0口 -eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes6以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞不少外來詞加-spiano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autoskilo-kilos, solo-solos網(wǎng)若皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以兀音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以

4、-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,規(guī)則例詞1k變名詞中的兀音字母或其他形 式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice2卜復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,3只后復(fù)數(shù)形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses compasses, contents4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)pe

5、ople, police, cattle, staff5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整 本）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義customs（海關(guān)），forces（軍隊），times（時代），spirits（情緒） drinks（飲料）,sands（沙灘）,papers（文件報紙） manners（禮貌）,100ks（外表）,brains（頭腦智力） greens

6、（青菜）,ruins（廢墟）7麥 小“某國 人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, SwedesEuropeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的 女為-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名 同將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends無主體名詞時將取后部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups, housewives, stopwatc

7、hes將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women singers, men servantsIII.名詞的所有格：名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語法形式叫做名詞所有格。所有格分兩種：一是名詞詞尾加構(gòu)成，二是由介詞of加名詞構(gòu)成。前者多表示有生命的東西，后者多表示無生命的東西。1 .'所有格的構(gòu)成:單數(shù)名詞在末尾加sthe boy ' s father, Jack ' s book, -herlawn' s photo,復(fù)數(shù)名詞一般在末尾加the teachers ' room, the twins ' mother,不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加sthe children 

8、9; s toys, women ' s rights,以s結(jié)尾的人名所有格加或者Dickens' novels, Charles ' s job, the Smiths '表示各自的所有美系時，各名詞末尾均須加SJapan ' and America ;problems, Jane ' and Mary ' bikes發(fā)示共有的所有美系時在最舟-詞末加1Japan and America' problems, Jane and Mary' fatherhousess麥?zhǔn)綰某人家u U店鋪"，所有格后名詞省略th

9、e doctor ' s, the barber ' s, the tailor' s, my uncle ' s2 .'所有格的用法:1表小時間today ' s newspaper, five weeks ' holiday2表示自然現(xiàn)象the earth ' s atmosphere, the tree' s branches3表示國家城市等地方的名詞the country ' s plan, the world' s population, China's industry4表示工作群體th

10、e ship ' s crew, majority' teamew,sthectory5表示度量衡及價值a mile ' s journey, five dollars' worth of apples6與人類活動有特殊關(guān)系的名 詞the life ' s time, the play' s plot7某些固定詞組a bird ' s eye view, a stone' s throw, at one 不知所措）s wit ' s end（3 . of所有格的用法：用于無生命的東西： the legs of the ch

11、air, the cover of the book用于有生命的東西，尤其是有較長定語時：the classrooms of the first-year students用于名詞化的詞：the struggle of the oppressed注：不同國籍人的單復(fù)數(shù)國籍總稱（謂語用復(fù)數(shù)）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)中國人 the Chinese, a Chinese, two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss, a Swiss, two Swiss澳大禾U亞人 the Australians, an Australian, two Australians 俄國人 the Russians, a Rus

12、sian, two Russians意大利人 the Italians, an Italian, two Italians 希臘人 the Greek, a Greek, two Greeks法國人 the French, a Frenchman, two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese, a Japanese, two Japanese美國人 the Americans, a n American, two Americans 度人 the Indians, an Indian, two Indians力口拿大人 the Canadians, a Canadian, t

13、wo Canadians 德國人 the Germans, a German, two Germans英國人 the English, an Englishman, two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish, a Swede, two Swedes例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1. They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories解析：much是用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的，A B D三個選項均是可是名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，C項為不可數(shù)名詞，因此選C.2. I have two and thr

14、ee bottles of here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析：orange有兩種含義，一種可數(shù)名詞橘子，另一種是不可數(shù)名詞橘汁，此題第一空應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞，第二空填不可數(shù)名詞，因此選Co3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 25 minutes ' walkB. 25 minute ' s walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walk解析：句中的minute應(yīng)該

15、用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式，只+',而不能+s,因此選A。4. An old wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person解析：person與people都有"人” 的意思，但用法不同."一個人"用"a person",“兩個人" 用"two persons" ; people泛指"人們”是集合名詞，表示復(fù)數(shù),the people指"人民"，a people 指“一個民族”.應(yīng)選B。5. Help y

16、ourself to.A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples解析：chicken可用作可數(shù)名詞指小雞，用作不可數(shù)名詞指雞肉，根據(jù)詞題意應(yīng)理解為雞肉;apple為可數(shù)名詞， 故應(yīng)+s,因此選D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two.A. room ' s number B. rooms ' number C. room numbers D. rooms ' numbers 解析：room number房間號碼.room可直

17、接用作定語修飾后面的名詞.類似的還有 my phsics teacher,two bus drivers 等. 應(yīng)選 C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second.A. familyB. house C. home D. room8.mothers couldnA. Mary and Peter ' s解析：family指的是家庭或是家庭成員；house指的是房子（住所）；room指的是房間；而home指的是家，因 此選C.tegmtoethng, because they have

18、gone to Shanghai .8. Mary and Peter9. Mary ' s and PeterD. Mary ' s and Peter ' s解析：此句中 “mothers”是復(fù)數(shù)，表示兩個人各自的母親，因此應(yīng)選D。9. Li Lei has been to many times this month.A. her uncle B. her uncle ' sC. her unclesD. aunt ' s解析：此句意為“李雷這個去她舅舅家多次”.表示具體場所時，可省去所有格后面的名詞.因此選Bo10. He is a success

19、 as a leader but he hasn' t in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析：experience 作“經(jīng)驗”講時是不可數(shù)名詞，作"經(jīng)歷”講時是可數(shù)名詞.本句中應(yīng)理解為"經(jīng)驗” 因此是不可數(shù)名詞，排除A C.又因a lot of , lots of, plenty of只用于肯定句，不用于否定句，因此選B。11. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. you

20、rC. your sisterD. your sister ' s解析：此題考查名詞的雙重所有格.應(yīng)選D。12. A group of are talking with two.A. Frenchmen, GermansB. Germans FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen , Frenchmen解析：Frenchman是復(fù)合詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Frenchmen; German的復(fù)數(shù)為直接在單詞末尾 +S,應(yīng)選A.13. The team having a meeting .A. isB. areC. amD. be解析：team是一個

21、集合名詞，即可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義（指整個小組），也可指小組中的成員（表示復(fù)數(shù)），此題意為 后者，因此選B o14. “Would you like?, please. ”A. drink, Three coffeesB. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffeeD. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析：drink和coffee是不可數(shù)名詞，可以用of來表示數(shù)量，eg, three cups of coffee,當(dāng)前面加a時,則表示“一杯”.因此選Co15. The Great Wall was made not only b

22、yA.earth and stone, millions ofC. the earth and stone, million of 解析：earth是不可數(shù)名詞，因此刪除 因此選A 0men., but also the flesh and blood of B. earths and stones, millionsD. the earths and stones, millionsB D,數(shù)以百萬的應(yīng)為 millions of .練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！選擇最佳答案：1. Last night, there was a food accident. The were ill, b

23、ut no were lost.A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo of when they were young.-OK, how happy they both looked!A. my father and motherB. my mother and father'sC. my mother's and father'sD.my father's and my mother3. The new student is i

24、n, Grade Two.A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class4. Today is September 10th. It's Day. Let's go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A. Teachers B. Teachers' C. the Teachers' D. Teacher's5. The market isn't far from here. It's only bicycle ride.A.h

25、alf an hours' B. half an hour's C. half an hour D. an hour and a half6. - What would you like to drink, girls?-, please.A.Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeC. Two cups of coffee D. Two cups of coffees7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for.A. funB. wishes C.

26、interest D. thanks8. Some are flying kites near the river.A. childB. boy C. boysD. childs9. After the exam, we'll have holiday.A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two weeks' D. two week's10. They are those bags.Please put them on the bus.A. visitor B. visitorsC. visitor'sD. visitors'11.

27、 - How many workers are there in your factory?-There are two.A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of12. -What do you think of the the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?-It sounds really wonderful.A. subject B. music C. book D. animal13. There is not enough in the corner for the fridge.A. pla

28、ceB. room C. fieldD. ground14. comes from sheep and some people like eating itA. WoolB. Pork C. Mutto nD. Milk15. If you don't take more, you'll get fat.A. medicine B. lessons C. photos D. exercise16. My school is about twenty walk from here.A. minute17. Mum, I have _ A. a good news18. Which

29、 is the _ A. street19. I stayed atA. my uncles20. MathsA. are1-5 CBCBBB. minutes'C. minutes'sD. minutesto tell you!B. some good newsC. some good newes D. much good newsto the post office?B. wayC. roadD. addresslast Sunday.B. my uncles'C. my uncle'sD. my uncle's family_ not easy t

30、o learn. B. isC. amD. were6-10 CACCD11-15 ABBCD16-20 BBBCB基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題：一、請寫出卜列詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1*50=50 )cityzoocountrytooth _ _mouseboybroomcartree_horsebusfoxbranchbabyfamily_ dish_radio_ photopianoknife leaf_life_ thief_manwomanchildfootthiswatchdiarydaybookdresssheeptea_oxstrawberry peach sandwich paperjuice wat

31、er milk ricepeople CD ox deer fish二、單項選擇(1 ' *10=10')()1. The _ in our yard are very beautiful.A. cloth B. waterC. flowers()2. Tom is one of the Chinese in our school.A. boyB. boys C. boies()3. A cat has four, doesn't it? A. foots B. feetC. feets()4. There are three and five in the room.

32、A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese()5. Can you see nine in the picture?A. fishB. book C. horse()6. The has two.A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch()7. The are flying back to their country.A. Germany B. GermanysC. Germans()8. The girl brushes her every day befo

33、re she goes to bed.A. toothsB. teethC. teeths()9.I saw many in the street.A. peoplesB.peopleC.people ' s()10.The green sweater is his.A.brotherB.brothersC.brother ' s三、選擇填空(1 ' *10=10')()1. They come from differentA. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys()2. How many do you s

34、ee in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato()3. They are.A . woman teachersB. women teachersC. women teacherD. woman teacher()4. Would you like,please? A. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterC. two glass of watersD. two glasses of waters()5. Most of live in.A. Germans, Germ

35、an B. German, GermenC. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany()6. There are some in these.A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-boxC. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes()7. like by air.A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, travelingC. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling()8. I wonder why

36、 are interested in action films 武才T 片).A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples()9. There is no in the plate.A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs()10.My uncle has three.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens四.填入所給名詞的正確形式(2 ' *10=20')1. I have two(knife)2. There are many here. (box)

37、3. There are many on the road. (bus)4. A few are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The are playing football now. (child)6. Please take two for me. (photo)7. I like the red.(tomato)8. Would you please clean your now? (tooth)9. Do you want some? (milk)10. There are ten in our school. (woman teacher)11. 答案：

38、12. 一、請寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1'*50=50')13. cities zoos countries teeth14. mice boys brooms cars15. trees horses buses foxes16. branches babies families dishes17. radios photos pianos knives18. leaves lives thieves men19. women children feet these20. watches diaries days books21. dresses sheep teas box

39、es22. strawberries peaches sandwiches papers23. juice water milk rice24. people CDs oxen deer fish25. 二、單項選擇(1 ' *10=10 ')1 .C2.B3.B4.B5.A26. 6.B7.C8.B9.B10.C27. 三、選擇填空(1 ' *10=10 ')28. 1.B2.B3.B4.B5.D29. 6.D7.D8.B9.C10.C30. 四.填入所給名詞的正確形式(2' *10=20')31. 1. knives 2.boxes 3.bu

40、ses 4.boys 5.children32. 6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.teeth 9.milk 10.women teachers提高練習(xí):1. The of the room were covered with.A. roofs, leafsB. roofs, leaves C. rooves, leafs D. rooves, leaves2. There are three in our factory.A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. woman doctor D. women doctor3. Which do you

41、prefer or?A. potatos, tomatosB. potatos, tomatoes C. potatoes, tomatos D. potatoes, tomatoes4. They are of different presses（出版社）.Now they are having a meeting in one of the office.A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in- chief ' s B. editors-in-chief, editor-in- chief ' sC. editors-in- chiefs, edit

42、or -in- chief ' s D. editors-in-chief, editors-in- chief ' s5. The ant has two.A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomach D. stomachs6. He doesn ' t like for supper.A. chick B. chicken C. chickens D. chicks7. It was hot weather that many of us went swimming.A. so B. such C. so as D. such a8. wo

43、nderful space they saw on the room!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a9. We know travels not so fast as light.A. sound B. sounds C. the sounds D. a sound10. My family raise a lot of, including two.A. cattle, cowsB. cows, cattleC. cattles, cows D. cow, cattles11. A number of so ldiers at he camp gate （

44、軍營門口）A. have gathered B. has gathered C. isD. was12. The Browns have spent a large of money on their new car.A. dealB. amountC. numberD. sizeC. A great deal ofC.handsD. A number ofD. the handsD. high a price13. work has been done to improve the people' s living standard.A. ManyB. A great many14.

45、 Mr Li shook warmly with a friend.A. handB. a hand15. Two, please.A. coffee B. coffeesC. cup of coffee D. cups coffee16. I can ' t pay a as he asked for.A. high price aB. high priceC. a high price17. knowledge of space develops rapidly.A. Man ' s B. Men ' s C. Mens ' D. Person '

46、s1.1 I stayed at.A. Xiao Wang ' s B. Wang' s homeC. the Wangs D. home of Wang19. Sister Carrie works in a factory.A.shoes B.shoses C.shoe D. shoe ' sC. newspaper of today D. today ' s newspaper20. Have you ever read?A. today newspaperB. newspaper today21. Two walk didn ' t made m

47、e tired.A. hour B. hours C. hour ' s D. hours '22. The mother over there is mother.A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary ' s C. Julia ' s and Mary D.' Julia' s and Mary23. Li Ming ' s handwriting is better than in the class.A. anyone ' s B. anyone elseC. anyone ' s

48、else ' D. anyone else ' s24. The children are playing on the.A. sand,sandB. sands, sands C. sand, sandsD. sands, sand25. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller.A. setB. oneC. copyD. pair26. Tom usually takes a in bus on rainy days.A. walkB. rideC. tripD. travel27. We have no about wher

49、e she has gone.A. informationB. newsC. messageD. flash28. Food and are daily necessities （需要）for the people.A. clothB. clotheC. clothesD. clothing29. My of hearing is not so good as it used to be.A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill30. The caused by carelessness yesterday. Many workers were killed

50、.A. incident, was happenedB. matter, happenedC. event, was taken placeD. accident, took placeD. strikingD. ManD. official, officer31. The room was so quiet that she could hear the of her heart.A. beatingB. waysC. knocking32. has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.A. The publicB. PeopleC. W

51、omen33. He was an in the government.A. office, official B. official, office C. officer, office34. There are several in this novel who are different in .A. character, character B. characters, characters35. We visited him when he was in hospital.A. every other daysB. each other dayC. character, charac

52、ters D. characters, characterC. every other day D. every two day36. My friend will return in.A. one day or two B. a day or two C. one day or two D. a or two days 37.is always difficult for me.A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation38.of this novel is excellent, quite to my su

53、rprise.A. TranslationB. TranslateC. The translation D. A translation39. The police looking into the matter now.A. beB. isC. areD. are going to40. The Chinese are brave and hard working people.A. theB. aC. /D. one41. No news good news.A. isB. are C. have D. has42. Maths still very difficult for me, t

54、hough I have done my best.A. looks B. seems C. is D. are43. “ Where my trousers? ” the boy asked.A. is B. was C. were D. areD. in high spiritD.of JapanesesD. the advices44. How happy they are! Obviously, they are.A. in nice spirits B. in nice spiritC. in high spirits45. I saw many seated in the corn

55、er reading something.A. JapaneseB. JapanesesC. of Japanese46. Father went to his doctor for about his heart trouble.A. an adviceB. adviceC. advices47. We are and they areA. Englishmen, Germans B. Englishmen, German C. Englishmans, Germans D. Englishmen, Germen 48. are made of .A. A glass, a glass B.

56、 Glasses, glass C. The glass, the glass D. Glasses, glasses49. I ' ll have to buy trousers.A. a B. two C. a pair of D. a couple of50. There are two in our class.A. Liu B. Lius C. Liu ' s D. Lius '51. is needed in cold countries.A. A lot of clothes52. They are.A. mathematics studentC. stu

57、dents in mathematicsC. Many a clothB. mathematic studentsD. mathematics studentsB. Much clothingD. Lots of clothesD. mice ' sD. a friend of my father53. The laboratory assistant recorded the reactions （反應(yīng)）A. mouses 'B. miceC. mices '54. This letter was sent by.A. my father friend B. my father friend ' s C. a friend of my father55. Ten years had passed. I foun