研究生英語(yǔ)閱讀教程(二)提高級(jí)翻譯

1、Lesson 11.昨日發(fā)生的恐怖主義活動(dòng)使美國(guó)人的生活暗淡無(wú)光,在他們的生活中留下了印跡,并永遠(yuǎn)地改變了他們的生活。Yesterdays terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives.2.佛羅里達(dá)州立大學(xué)創(chuàng)傷心理學(xué)教授查爾斯?費(fèi)格里說:“我們得學(xué)一學(xué)其它許多國(guó)家曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過的東西,那就是從文化上和在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)恐懼?！彼€說:“我們正在體驗(yàn)恐懼是怎樣起作用的?！薄癢e are going to have to learn what a lot of other countr

2、ies have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “Were getting a lesson in the way fear works.”3.美國(guó)是一個(gè)一向以開放自豪甚至洋洋得意的國(guó)家,在這里,人們可以獨(dú)自在美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)大樓中閑庭信步,而現(xiàn)在,恐怖襲擊很有可能迫使美國(guó)人處處小心,惶惶不可終日。其實(shí)我們很大程度上已經(jīng)是這樣了。許多政府大樓

3、的前門裝設(shè)的金屬探測(cè)器已然成為一道風(fēng)景線,大部分的辦公大樓里也必備保安。In a country long proud and even boastful of its opennessa country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescortedthe terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many governm

4、ent buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.4.報(bào)復(fù)有很大的危險(xiǎn),會(huì)引發(fā)和在中東及北愛爾蘭一樣的緊張的暴力和反暴力的惡性攀升。與那些不得不在暴力中學(xué)習(xí)如何生存的國(guó)家不同,“我們是新手,”曾在南斯拉夫訓(xùn)練過創(chuàng)傷急救隊(duì)的項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人費(fèi)格里博士說,“我所擔(dān)心的是懲罰、報(bào)復(fù)、種族主義和排斥少數(shù)民族的舉動(dòng)會(huì)過于偏激,適得其反?！盉ut retaliation carries the risk of setting off a tightening spiral of

5、 violence and counterviolence not unlike the Middle East or Northern Ireland. Unlike countries that have had to learn to live with violence,”We are new at this,” said Floridas Dr. Figley, who heads a project that has trained trauma teams in Y ugoslavia.”My fear is we will overreach and make things w

6、orse rather than better by retribution, revenge, racism and marginalizing ethnic groups.”5.對(duì)于恐怖主義的恐懼會(huì)使美國(guó)人接受比現(xiàn)在更多的來(lái)自政府的監(jiān)控,例如在運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)賽場(chǎng)上高架的攝象機(jī)。哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院教授威廉姆斯?斯湯資說,“經(jīng)過目前前這些事件,我們將發(fā)現(xiàn),無(wú)論是公眾,還是法庭,都會(huì)在更大程度上接受某些警察的策略。”Fear of terrorism is likely to lead Americans to tolerate more government surveillancesuch as ove

7、rhead video cameras at sporting eventsthan they have to date. “Its very likely in the wake of todays events that were going to see a greater acceptance on the publics partand on the courts partto approve certain kinds of police tactics,” said William Stuntz, a Harvard Low School professor.Lesson 51

8、戴維先到一步,事后他氣憤地向我發(fā)難說當(dāng)他告訴領(lǐng)班準(zhǔn)備和誰(shuí)一起吃飯時(shí),領(lǐng)班的語(yǔ)氣驟然逆轉(zhuǎn)。一瞬間就從“這是個(gè)什么人?”變成“這邊有請(qǐng),先生?！碑?dāng)我們趕到時(shí),拍照的人已經(jīng)在飯店外忙個(gè)不停了。戴維開始嘲笑我是倫敦這家高級(jí)飯店里的知名人物。這時(shí)我倆向屋內(nèi)望去并同時(shí)看到了我們的偶像。2 我的生活中與維多利亞一起的生活中一件美好的事情就是有時(shí)那些讓我在見面之前緊張不安,在見面時(shí)張口結(jié)舌的人,最終卻成為我的朋友。3 他們非?？犊?我在意大利見到埃爾頓的那個(gè)下午,幾乎他所做的第一件事就是把他們?cè)诜▏?guó)南部的住處提供給維多利亞和我以便我們一旦需要遠(yuǎn)離煩亂的生活時(shí)有個(gè)落腳的地方。4 在剩下的時(shí)間里如果能聽到他對(duì)我的

9、辮子和其他事情的看法我會(huì)非常高興。我們都知道他的故事,但是看著他的眼睛,捕捉著他的笑容,追尋著這張異常英俊的臉上遍布的皺紋,你會(huì)情不自禁想要聽他親自講述。5 我們?cè)谔炝燎熬驮缭缙鸫?因此從大巴下來(lái)跌跌撞撞走回酒店時(shí),睡眠的不足開始讓我犯困。下午就在夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)中度過了。Lesson 61 小約翰福布斯納什數(shù)學(xué)天才、|理性行為理論的締造者、預(yù)見思想機(jī)器出現(xiàn)的預(yù)言家已經(jīng)和來(lái)訪者,也是一位數(shù)學(xué)家,共坐了將近半個(gè)小時(shí)。John Forbes Nash, Jr.-mathematical genius, inventor of a theory of rational behavior, visionary o

10、f the thinking machine-had been sitting with his visitor, also a mathematician, for nearly half an hour.2 他一直目光呆滯地盯著哈佛教授喬治麥克恩左腳前方不遠(yuǎn)的地方,除了一次次重復(fù)著將垂在前額的略長(zhǎng)的黑發(fā)撥開的動(dòng)作,他幾乎一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。He had been staring dully at a spot immediately in front of the left foot of Harvard professor George Mackey,hardly moving except to

11、 brush his long dark hair away from his forehead in a fitful, repetitive motion.3 在未來(lái)十年,在那既以對(duì)人類理性抱有無(wú)尚信念而著稱,又以對(duì)人類生存懷有無(wú)盡憂慮而聞名的十年,納什,用知名幾何學(xué)家米克哈爾格羅莫夫的話說,證明了自己是20世紀(jì)后半葉最杰出的數(shù)學(xué)家。Over the next decade, a decade as notable for its supreme faith in human rationality as for its dark anxieties about mankinds surv

12、ival, Nash proved himself, in the words of the eminent geometer Mikhail Gromov, “the most remarkable mathematician of the second half of the century”.4數(shù)學(xué)家保羅哈莫斯寫道,天才“分為兩種:一種就像我們大家一樣,只是更為出色;另一種則是那些明顯具備超凡人類靈感的人。我們都能跑步,有些人還能在四分鐘內(nèi)跑完一英里;但是我們所做的一切無(wú)論如何也無(wú)法與創(chuàng)作出G小調(diào)賦格曲相提并論?！奔{什的天分就屬于那種常與音樂和藝術(shù)而非與最古老的科學(xué)緊密相連的神奇異稟。G

13、eniuses, the mathematician Paul Halmos wrote, “are of two kinds: the ones who are just like all of us, but very much more so, and the ones who, apparently, have an extra human spark. We can all run, and some of us can run the mile in less than 4 minutes; but there is nothing that most of us can do t

14、hat compares with the creation of the Great G-minor Fugue”. Nashs genius was of that mysterious variety more often associated with music and are than with the oldest of all sciences.5 他具有一種難以抑制的理性,希望將生活中的決定是搭乘第一部電梯還是等待下一部,到哪里存錢接受什么樣的工作是否結(jié)婚*都轉(zhuǎn)化為利弊得失的計(jì)算,轉(zhuǎn)化為完全脫離感情、習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)的算法法則或數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)則。Compulsively rational,

15、 he wished to turn lifes decisions-whether to take the first elevator or wait for the next one, where to bank his money, what job to accept, whether to marry-into calculations of advantage and disadvantage, algorithms or mathematical rules divorced from emotion, convention, and tradition.6 他一貫冷漠,但一時(shí)

16、興起也會(huì)喋喋不休地談?wù)撏馓蘸偷鼐壵乌厔?shì),或做出孩子般的惡作劇,或者毫無(wú)征兆地勃然大怒。這些情感的迸發(fā)總是和他的沉默一樣神秘莫測(cè)。他和我們不一樣。是人們常說的一句話。His remoteness was punctuated by flights of garrulousness about outer space and geopolitical trends,childish pranks,and unpredictable eruptions of anger. But these outbursts were,more often than not, as enigmatic as

17、his silences. “He is not one of us” was a constant refrain。7 納什對(duì)于人類競(jìng)爭(zhēng)動(dòng)態(tài)變化的洞察他的理性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作理論將會(huì)成為20世紀(jì)最具影響的思想理論之一.這一理論改變著新興的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué),其作用無(wú)異于孟德爾的基因遺傳,達(dá)爾文的自然選擇模式和牛頓的天體力學(xué)再造了當(dāng)時(shí)的生物學(xué)和物理學(xué)。Nashs insight into the dynamics of human rivalry-his theory of rational conflict and cooperation-was to become one of the most influ

18、ential ideas of the twentieth century, transforming the young science of natural selection, and Newtons celestial mechanics reshaped biology and physics in their day.Lesson 91但無(wú)論怎樣,月亮依舊牽動(dòng)我們的心。倘若我們出奇不意地看到一輪黃燦燦的滿月遠(yuǎn)在天際,誰(shuí)都會(huì)禁不住停下來(lái)凝神仰望她尊貴的姿容。而月亮也向注視她的人賜予厚禮。2 然而當(dāng)月亮緩緩升起,離開山脊,它變得堅(jiān)定、威嚴(yán)。它的面孔也由紅變成了橘紅,又變成金色,最后是平

19、靜的明黃色。它似乎從漸暗的大地中吸取了光明,因?yàn)殡S著它的升起,下面的丘陵山谷愈來(lái)愈黯淡朦朧。待到皓月當(dāng)空,滿月如盤,發(fā)出象牙般乳白的清輝,山谷便成了風(fēng)景中一片片幽深的陰影。3月出是緩慢的,充滿微妙的變化。觀看月出,我們得回到過去那種對(duì)時(shí)間的耐心中去。觀看月亮不可阻擋地升到空中就能讓我們內(nèi)心安寧,我們的神思能讓我們看到宇宙的廣袤和大地的寬闊,能讓我們意識(shí)到自身存在的偶然性。我們覺得自身渺小,卻又深感大自然的厚待。4月色下,我們看不到生活中堅(jiān)硬的棱角。山坡在月光下如同籠上了柔和的輕紗,一片銀白;海水在月光下碧藍(lán)而靜謐;我們?cè)谠鹿庀乱膊辉傧癜兹漳前憔谒阌?jì),而是更加沉醉于情感中。5后來(lái)我常回到山上觀

20、月,尤其是在接踵而來(lái)的事情使我身心疲憊、頭暈眼花時(shí)更是情不自禁地前往。6 戀人和詩(shī)人能在夜里找到生活更深刻的意義。我們都愛問一些更深刻的問題我們?nèi)祟愂菑哪睦飦?lái)的?又會(huì)往哪里去?我們不喜歡那些主導(dǎo)著白天世界的刻板的幾何原理,而愿意沉溺于永遠(yuǎn)找不到答案的謎團(tuán)中。在夜里,我們都成了哲人和神秘主義者。7 月出之時(shí),當(dāng)我們放慢自己的思想,讓它跟隨天國(guó)的節(jié)律,一種心醉神迷的感覺就會(huì)流遍全身。我們會(huì)打開情感的窗口,會(huì)讓白天被理智鎖住的那部分思緒盡情奔涌。我們能越過遙遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)空,聽見遠(yuǎn)古獵人的低語(yǔ),重新看到很久以前的詩(shī)人與戀人眼中的世界。Lesson 111 絞死(或電死或用毒氣殺死一個(gè)人是樁恐怖的事情,使行刑

21、人變得卑劣,使目擊者感到惡心。2 即便如此,他們的工作對(duì)社會(huì)來(lái)說也可能是十分必要的。3 這些人,特別是第一類人,對(duì)是否遏止其他罪犯并不太關(guān)心。他們極欲得到的是一種滿足,就是看到給他們帶來(lái)痛苦的罪犯在他們面前也飽嘗痛苦。4 每位守法公民都感到威脅,感到無(wú)計(jì)可施,直到罪犯受到打擊,直到憑借公眾力量報(bào)了仇,還不僅僅是扯平,而這力量得到充分的體現(xiàn)后,這種感覺才會(huì)消失。5 他到底為什么要等呢?為什么不在終審法院使他的希望破滅后的第二天處決他呢?為什么要用連食人族都不會(huì)用的手段折磨他呢?Lesson 141 再看看那些電纜。電纜彎彎曲曲地進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)后蓋,然后又出來(lái),最后到達(dá)獼猴頭上的帽子里。電纜從埋在獼猴

22、大腦里的數(shù)百個(gè)電極接收信號(hào),獼猴用思維向機(jī)器手臂發(fā)出指令。Take another look at those cables: They snake into the back of the computer and then out again, terminating in a cap on the monkeys head, where they receive signals from hundreds of electrodes buried in its brain. The monkey is directing the robot with its thoughts.2 幾十年

23、來(lái),科學(xué)家就一直在思索、推測(cè)大腦和機(jī)器直接聯(lián)系的可能性,但都認(rèn)為這不切實(shí)際。只是到了20世紀(jì)90年代末,科學(xué)家才開始充分地了解大腦與信號(hào)處理的有關(guān)知識(shí),從而出現(xiàn)了使科幻小說的幻象變成現(xiàn)實(shí)的希望的曙光。For decades scientists have pondered, speculated on, and poor-poohed the possibility of a direct interface between a brain and a machine-only in the late 1990s did scientists start learning enough abo

24、ut the brain and signal-processing to offer glimmers of hope that this science-fiction vision could become reality.3解碼大腦指令的想法乍看起來(lái)可能像是十足的狂妄自大。計(jì)算機(jī)怎么能竊聽日常生活每時(shí)每刻發(fā)生在大腦甩的全部活動(dòng)呢?The notion of decoding the brains commands can seem, on the face of it, to be pure hubris. How could any computer eavesdrop on all

25、 the going-on that take place in there every moment of ordinary life?4 但是,大多數(shù)研究人員認(rèn)為,每種類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)都是靠大腦幾十億神經(jīng)元中一些少數(shù)特定的神經(jīng)元來(lái)控制的為了找到那些少數(shù)神經(jīng)元而需要監(jiān)測(cè)整個(gè)大腦則會(huì)使成功的解碼變?yōu)閷?shí)際辦不到的事。But most researchers assumed that each type of movement was governed by a specific handful of the brains billions of neurons-the need to monitor

26、the whole brain in order to find those few would make the successful decoding a practical impossibility.5 因此,那時(shí)知道的一切表明,使腦-機(jī)聯(lián)系是徒勞無(wú)益之舉。結(jié)果證明,那一切都是錯(cuò)誤的。Thus everything that was known at the time suggested that brain-machine interfaces were a fools errand. Everything, it turned out, was wrong.Lesson161 藝術(shù)家們喜歡棕櫚樹生長(zhǎng)的形狀以及那面對(duì)花園與大海的旅館的明亮色彩。Artists liked the way the palms grew a