初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法—代詞

1、Pronouns代詞概述代詞概述:名稱(chēng)名稱(chēng)代代 詞詞人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞主格代詞主格代詞I, you, he, she, it, we, you ,they賓格代詞賓格代詞me , you, him, her, it, us, you, them物主代詞物主代詞形容詞性形容詞性 my, your, his ,her, its, ours, your, they 名詞性名詞性mine, yours ,his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs反身代詞反身代詞myself, yourself ,himself ,herself, itself, ourselves, you

2、rself ,themselves 指示代詞指示代詞this, that, these, those疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞who, whom, whose, what, which不定代詞不定代詞some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either 相互代詞相互代詞each other/one another關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, whose, whom, that, which.一一. .人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞 二二 ，三，一，三，一 (單數(shù)）單數(shù)） 一，二，三一，二，三 （復(fù)數(shù)）（復(fù)數(shù)）

3、1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都18歲。歲。_2.你們、我們、他們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。你們、我們、他們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。 _. I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要用其主格人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要用其主格 They are nurses. She is a barber.I help him and he helps me Jim takes good care of me1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her .

4、 A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they4.Miss Zhang teaches _ math. A. we B. us C. our D. ours5. _ like playing soccer with _. A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I6. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _. A. He, us B.He , we C.

5、Him , us D. His, we7. You can sit between_. A. he and I B. him and me C. me and him8. _ all come here early. A. Them B. She C. We D. Us3 3、it it 的特殊用法的特殊用法: : it 可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster. It 也可用來(lái)表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。也可用來(lái)表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。 天氣：天氣： How col

6、d it is today! 時(shí)間：時(shí)間： Its about eight oclock.1. 距離：距離： Its 200 kilometers from here.一一. .人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞1. - Who is knocking at the door? - I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it 2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that3. I cant find m

7、y hat . I think I must buy_. A. it B. one C. that 固定句型固定句型1. 做某事情對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. 2. 輪到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. 3. 是（某人）做某事的時(shí)候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.4. 據(jù)說(shuō) Its said that 5. 某人花費(fèi)做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth.6. 自從以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有（時(shí)間）了。 It is / has been + 時(shí)段時(shí)段 + since

8、 + 從句從句(過(guò)過(guò)去時(shí)去時(shí))7. 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺(jué)到做某事是的 find sb. think feel+ it + adj. to do its也對(duì)！也對(duì)！ I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 二二. .物主代詞物主代詞人稱(chēng)人稱(chēng)分分類(lèi)類(lèi) 第一人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng) 第二人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng) 第三人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng) 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)

9、單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形形容容詞詞性性 名名詞詞性性 my my ourouryour your your your his his her her its its their their mine mine ourours s youryours s youryours s his his herhers s its its theirtheirs s 形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞雖都譯成形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞雖都譯成“的的”，但形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語(yǔ)，后邊，但形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語(yǔ)，后邊須須有名詞；而名詞性物主代詞后邊不可再加名有名詞；而名詞性物主代詞后邊不可再加名詞，它在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或

10、表語(yǔ)。詞，它在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)?！懊~名詞性性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞”。 This is my book = This book is mine That is your pen , mine is in my bag.This is Lucys coat，yours is different from hers物主代詞前不能有this, that，some, a, an，the等詞修飾。如不能說(shuō)the my right hand。1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pe

11、n ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its6.

12、She is _ English teacher . She teaches _ well. A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they7. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister. A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine8. Must _ go to _ office now ? A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours9. You must bring _notebook to the school. A. you B. your C.

13、yours10. The red bag is _ ._ is white. A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him 人人稱(chēng)稱(chēng)分類(lèi)分類(lèi)第一人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng) 第三人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)單單 數(shù)數(shù) 復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimselfthemselvesherself itself 過(guò)得愉快過(guò)得愉快 自學(xué)自學(xué) 請(qǐng)隨便吃請(qǐng)隨便吃 自言自語(yǔ)自言自語(yǔ) 獨(dú)自獨(dú)自 為自己為自己 不要客氣不要客氣 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顧自己照顧自己 enjoy oneself teach oneself.

14、 help oneself to sth. say to oneself all by oneself/ by oneself for oneself make oneself at home lose oneself in dress oneself look after oneself The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself

15、C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. yourThe weather in China is quite different from that in USA .單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)this 這個(gè)這個(gè)these 這些這些that 那個(gè)那個(gè)those 那些那些代詞，指代詞，指the weather5.The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. i

16、t6.The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those7.What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that1.常見(jiàn)的不定代詞有常見(jiàn)的不定代詞有：some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other

17、 , another ,the other 等。等。2.形容詞修飾形容詞修飾something , anything , nothing ,somebody , anybody , nobody, everything, everyone , everybody等不定代詞時(shí)，放在后面。等不定代詞時(shí)，放在后面。如：如：Is there anything important in todays newspaper ? There is nothing wrong with your bike.1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important som

18、ething B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)some一般用于肯定句中，一般用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)用于否定句和疑

19、問(wèn)句中。句中。I have _ books, but I dont have _ pens. There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it.提示提示：some有時(shí)也可用于疑問(wèn)句中，表示勸告，有時(shí)也可用于疑問(wèn)句中，表示勸告，請(qǐng)求或建議。請(qǐng)求或建議。any 用于肯定句中，表示用于肯定句中，表示“任何一任何一個(gè)個(gè)”Would you like some tea? May I ask you some questions?You can borrow any of the three books.當(dāng)前面由當(dāng)前面由only 修飾，常用修

20、飾，常用 a few 或或a little . Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few.it指上文提到過(guò)的事物。指上文提到過(guò)的事物。. one泛指

21、上文提及的同類(lèi)事物泛指上文提及的同類(lèi)事物(可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞)中的中的一個(gè)一個(gè),復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)ones,一般前邊有一般前邊有the，this，that修飾。修飾。.that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，避免重復(fù)?？纱婵蓴?shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)，避免重復(fù)?？纱婵蓴?shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)those，一般有后置修飾語(yǔ)，一般有后置修飾語(yǔ).(1) I have many books. Which_ do you like?(2) The book is mine. _ is very interesting.(3)The weather in Beijing is muc

22、h colder than_ in Hainan.oneItthat one it that one it thateach everyeach everyeach (常與常與of連用連用)every兩者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物兩者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物三者或以上每一個(gè)人或物三者或以上每一個(gè)人或物 I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A

23、. every B. each C. each of 他隔天來(lái)這里。他隔天來(lái)這里。 He came here _ day.every othernone no onenone no onenoneno one沒(méi)有什么人沒(méi)有什么人 / 物物“沒(méi)有人沒(méi)有人” 只能指人只能指人回答回答 how many 問(wèn)句問(wèn)句回答回答who問(wèn)句問(wèn)句none of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 / them 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None

24、 B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come from _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a

25、doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; areeither neither botheither neither botheither neither botheither neither both Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studying I didnt see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldnt open the door. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldnt I They_ in good health, and they_ there. A. are both; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goesother th