新視野五單元

1、Unit FiveUnit FiveThe Battle Against AidsNew words1.immune: a. （be to sth）1）safe from a disease or illness免疫的2）not affected by sth不受影響的E.g a) This blood test will show whether or not you are immune to the disease.這次驗(yàn)血將表明你對(duì)這種病是否具有免疫力。b)I am immune to the noise from the factory.我對(duì)那家工廠的噪音已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常了。2.defi

2、ciency: n. C, U the state of having none or not enough of E.g One of the symptoms of vitamin C is extreme tiredness.極度疲乏是缺乏維生素C的癥狀之一。A deficiency of sth: 缺乏什么3.diagnose: vt find out what illness someone has by examining them診斷 diagnose sb. with diagnose + illness/sb.s condition as e.g The woman is d

3、iagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病). The doctor diagnosed the illness as cancer.4.constitute: vt make up, form組成，構(gòu)成a) Twelve months constitute a year.b)你們的學(xué)習(xí)組由多少個(gè)學(xué)生組成？ How many students constitute your study group?5.implement:vt carry out or put certain decisions into practice 實(shí)施，執(zhí)行E.g a) The government is

4、 ing its program of helping the poor.政府在實(shí)施扶貧政策。b) Money is needed to our child-care programs.實(shí)施兒童保健項(xiàng)目需要資金。 bat: 1）vt take action to stop sth bad or harmful與做斗爭2）n. U fighting, especially during a warE.g a) The new government promised to take measures to crime.新政府承諾采取措施與犯罪行為作斗爭。b) A conference will b

5、e held on how to pollution of the oceans.將召開一次會(huì)議，討論如何防治海洋污染。Translation: 那位戰(zhàn)士在戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲了。The soldier was killed in combat.7.illustrate: vt show the meaning of sth by giving pictures or examples 用例子說明E.g These graphs illustrate the results of the experiment.這些圖表說明了試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。Translation:他用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)來說明觀點(diǎn)。 He illust

6、rated his point with statistics.8.risk: 1) n. C,U the possibility that sth bad, unpleasant or dangerous may happen. 2) vt. to place in danger The soldier risked his life to save the drowning girl. 士兵冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去救落水的女孩. at risk: in danger 處境危險(xiǎn) 疾病在蔓延，5歲以下的兒童都有被傳染的危險(xiǎn)。 The disease is spreading, and all child

7、ren under 5 are at risk. 9.plague: vt cause pain, suffering, or trouble to someone, especially for a long period of time.折磨Fears about the war ed nearly half the population in the country.害怕戰(zhàn)爭 。N. c a disease that spreads quickly to a large number of people and causes death瘟疫A killed thousands of pe

8、ople in Africa in 1995.10 epidemic: n. c a widely or rapidly spreading disease. 傳染病，流行病The government ordered that they should control the .政府命令他們控制流行病。 Phrases and expressions1.in place of : instead of 代替 a). Cooked kidney beans can be used in place of French beans.煮熟的紅蕓豆可以代替四季豆.b) Laurence Waters

9、visited us in place of John who was unfortunately ill. 勞倫斯沃特斯代替不幸生病的約翰來拜訪我們。2.at risk: in dangerA) Its alarming to think how many people are at risk.想想有多少人處于危險(xiǎn)中，真是令人擔(dān)憂啊。B) 這些措施會(huì)使眾多小型企業(yè)處于危險(xiǎn)境地。（put sth at risk）These measures will put many small businesses at risk.3.guard against: prevent sth from happ

10、eningE.g This is an open house and there is little way to guard against strangers.這是一個(gè)開放式的房子，很難防范陌生人的進(jìn)入。 4.wipe out: destroy or get rid of something completelyWe want to world hunger by the year 2010.5.sign up for: 報(bào)名參加E.g 1）He decided to sign up for a foreign-language qualification test.參加外語資格考試。2）

11、Her parents urged her to a computer course.報(bào)名參加計(jì)算機(jī)課程。 Explanation of the text1.Women and youth in rural southern communities now constitute the fastest growing segment of people with AIDS. (para 2)Constitute: make up, form組成Meaning: of all people with AIDS, women and young people in southern communi

12、ties now make up the fastest growing group of people with AIDS. 2.In place of government inactivity, a number of local organizations have emerged. (para 3)Because the government is slow in stopping the spread of AIDS, some local organizations have formed to help prevent its spread.鑒于政府行動(dòng)不利，許多地方性組織變應(yīng)

13、運(yùn)而生了。3.To reach more people in the community, some AIDS educational programs operate out of a beauty shop. (para 4)A beauty shop is a business place where women go to have their hair washed, curled, colored, etc, or their fingernails or skin treated. The shop sells the “thought” of beauty. A client

14、should feel or look more beautiful after a visit to the beauty shop. Women who use such shops often have weekly appointments.美發(fā)店4.While no one way of winning the war against AIDS exists, the network shares these lessons learned in its battle against AIDS. (para 7)盡管還沒有一種能戰(zhàn)勝艾滋病的方法，但這一網(wǎng)絡(luò)機(jī)構(gòu)在與艾滋病斗爭中獲得了一

15、下經(jīng)驗(yàn)。5.Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it. (para 8)本句中出現(xiàn)了倒裝現(xiàn)象，making的賓語為passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it,由于賓語很長，因而把補(bǔ)足語“impossible”提前。6.They also show people who look like those we need to

16、educate, since people can relate more when they see familiar faces and language they can understand. (para 9)Meaning: These books also use pictures that look like those people that need the education, because people can make a better connection when they see faces they know and language they understand.People指的是可能患病的人的圖片。7.（para 11）Such misinformation plagues th