5B期末語(yǔ)法知識(shí)整理

1、5B期末語(yǔ)法知識(shí)整理動(dòng)詞的形式：動(dòng)詞后面加上ing : 、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行。它的構(gòu)成方式是：主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式，有時(shí)會(huì)要求自己加上be動(dòng)詞（is, am , are ）。句子中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)look, listen, now等詞?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的變化 肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+be( am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞ing+其它. 否定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) +not +動(dòng)詞ing+其它. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(am, is, are) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing +其它？ 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞(what , where)+be(am, is, are)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞in

2、g +其它？ 對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答。練習(xí)：1. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.2. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.3. Look, the boy_(put) the plate on his finger.4. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).5. Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass.6. Listen, who_(

3、sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there.like(s), go , do some , 后面的動(dòng)詞加ing.如：1. I like (play ) football, but my father likes (play) chess.2.Lets go (swim).二、動(dòng)詞后面加s/es. 這就有關(guān)一種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示經(jīng)常性的事情。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often經(jīng)常, usually通常, always總是， every每個(gè), every morning 每個(gè)早晨,every day每天, sometimes有時(shí)，at在幾點(diǎn)鐘它的

4、動(dòng)詞變化與主語(yǔ)人稱有關(guān)，只有肯定句中第三人稱單數(shù)用動(dòng)詞三單（動(dòng)詞加s/es），其余動(dòng)詞均用原形。在否定句和問(wèn)句中，因?yàn)橛兄鷦?dòng)詞do, dont , does , doesnt，所以后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。三單變化： 多數(shù)在動(dòng)詞后加s playplays likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es gogoes washwashes watch-watches 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改i再加es flyflies studystudies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化：1、肯定句：主語(yǔ)（非三單）+動(dòng)原+其它 / 主語(yǔ)（he , she ）+動(dòng)詞三單+其它。2、否定句：主語(yǔ)（非三單）+dont+動(dòng)

5、原+其它 / 主語(yǔ)（he , she ）+動(dòng)原+其它。3、一般疑問(wèn)句：Do +主語(yǔ)（非三單）+動(dòng)原+其它 / Does +主語(yǔ)（he, she ）+動(dòng)原+其它。 4、特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞（What, Where ）+do +主語(yǔ)（非三單）+動(dòng)原+其它 特殊疑問(wèn)詞（What, Where）+ does +主語(yǔ)（he , she ）+動(dòng)原+其它。練習(xí)：1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning？4. What(do) he u

6、sually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_hi

7、s mother_(do) the housework?11. What you usually (do ) on Sundays ?12. He ( not like ) ( drink ) tea .13. They (not like ) ( play ) cards.三、動(dòng)詞用原形的名顯特征有：1、在can , cant, lets , shall we 后面用原形。2、助動(dòng)詞do , dont , does , doesnt 后面動(dòng)詞用原形。練習(xí)：1、He can ( put ) an egg on his mouth . 2. Lets ( clean ) the library

8、now. 3. Shall we (have ) lunch at eleven oclock? 4. Does your uncle (water) flowers every day ?祈使句： 1.祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu) 祈使句肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用動(dòng)詞原形。 Puton / in / under Touchwith Dotimes. Show us Lets Turn 祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu) 祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)一律在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)之前加do not(dont). Eg:Stand up, please 請(qǐng)起立 Dont stand up, please. 請(qǐng)不要起立五、動(dòng)名詞：動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞詞形一樣，均

9、由動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成。動(dòng)名詞具有名詞特征，在句中可 作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies. 作主語(yǔ)He likes watching football matches. 作賓語(yǔ)My favourite sport is fishing. 作表語(yǔ)Hes in the reading room. 作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：一般情況，在動(dòng)詞原形后加ing。 go going ，see seeing 。以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e，再加ing：take taking , live living以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，如果詞尾只有1個(gè)輔音字母，

10、它的前面是單個(gè)元音字母，要先把詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加ing, run-running , swimswimming, putputting, stopstopping, sit-sitting. 六、時(shí)間的表達(dá)方式 由介詞to ,past構(gòu)成： 半小時(shí)以內(nèi)包括半小時(shí)用 “past”(從01分到30分,用幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分表達(dá)) half past one 1:30 ；a quarter past three 3:15 超過(guò)半小時(shí)用 “to”(從31分到59分用幾點(diǎn)差幾分表達(dá)） one to three 2:59小練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Wang Bing is (write) an e

11、-mail to his friend in the study. 2. I (play) the piano, my brother (watch) TV now. 3.He can (swim), but I (not),I can (ski). 4.Lets (go) and (play) basketball . 5.Shall we (clean) the classroom now. 6.I (like) (skate),my parents (not),they (like) (swim). 7.Miss Green (like) (dance) very much. 8. (d

12、o) Uncle Wang (run) fast？9.GaoShan often (go) (swim) in Summer(夏天). 10.Do you (have) (some) (bobby)? Yes, I (do). 11 (do) your father (watch) TV in the evening?No, he (not). 12.This is Helen (speak). 13.Tom usually (play) football after school. 14.He (live) in a small town near Nanjing. 15.Pingping (write) an e-mail to his friend now. 16.What (do) Nancy usually (do)? She usually (grow) flowers .17. My father _ _(like) that song very much. He often _ _(sing) it. 18. _he _(watch) TV in the evening? No, he _19. My parents usually_(get) up at 6. My sister _(get) up