WhatisSocialPhobia社交恐懼癥英文介紹

1、WhatisSocialPhobia(SocialAnxietyDisorder)Socialphobiaisastrongfearofbeingjudgedbyothersandofbeingembarrassed.Thisfearcanbesostrongthatitgetsinthewayofgoingtoworkorschoolordoingothereverydaythings.Everyonehasfeltanxiousorembarrassedatonetimeoranother.Forexample,meetingnewpeopleorgivingapublicspeechca

2、nmakeanyonenervous.Butpeoplewithsocialphobiaworryabouttheseandotherthingsforweeksbeforetheyhappen.Peoplewithsocialphobiaareafraidofdoingcommonthingsinfrontofotherpeople.Forexample,theymightbeafraidtosignacheckinfrontofacashieratthegrocerystore,ortheymightbeafraidtoeatordrinkinfrontofotherpeople,orus

3、eapublicrestroom.Mostpeoplewhohavesocialphobiaknowthattheyshouldntbeasafraidastheyare,buttheycantcontroltheirfear.Sometimes,theyendupstayingawayfromplacesoreventswheretheythinktheymighthavetodosomethingthatwillembarrassthem.Forsomepeople,socialphobiaisaproblemonlyincertainsituations,whileothershaves

4、ymptomsinalmostanysocialsituation.CausesSocialphobiasometimesrunsinfamilies,butnooneknowsforsurewhysomepeoplehaveitwhileothersdont.Researchershavefoundthatseveralpartsofthebrainareinvolvedinfearandanxiety.Bylearningmoreaboutfearandanxietyinthebrain,scientistsmaybeabletocreatebettertreatments.Researc

5、hersarealsolookingforwaysinwhichstressandenvironmentalfactorsmayplayarole.Signs&SymptomsPeoplewithsocialphobiatendto:Beveryanxiousaboutbeingwithotherpeopleandhaveahardtimetalkingtothem,eventhoughtheywishtheycouldBeveryself-consciousinfrontofotherpeopleandfeelembarrassedBeveryafraidthatotherpeoplewil

6、ljudgethemWorryfordaysorweeksbeforeaneventwhereotherpeoplewillbeStayawayfromplaceswherethereareotherpeopleHaveahardtimemakingfriendsandkeepingfriendsBlush,sweat,ortremblearoundotherpeopleFeelnauseousorsicktotheirstomachwhenwithotherpeople.WhoIsAtRisk?Socialphobiaaffectsabout15millionAmericanadults.W

7、omenandmenareequallylikelytodevelopthedisorder,whichusuallybeginsinchildhoodorearlyadolescence.Thereissomeevidencethatgeneticfactorsareinvolved.Socialphobiaisoftenaccompaniedbyotheranxietydisordersordepression.Substanceabusemaydevelopifpeopletrytoself-medicatetheiranxiety.DiagnosisSocialphobiausuall

8、ystartsduringyouth.Adoctorcantellthatapersonhassocialphobiaifthepersonhashadsymptomsforatleast6months.Withouttreatment,socialphobiacanlastformanyyearsoralifetime.Socialphobiacanbelimitedtoonesituation(suchastalkingtopeople,eatingordrinking,orwritingonablackboardinfrontofothers)ormaybesobroad(suchasi

9、ngeneralizedsocialphobia)thatthepersonexperiencesanxietyaroundalmostanyoneotherthanthefamily.First,talktoyourdoctoraboutyoursymptoms.Yourdoctorshoulddoanexamtomakesurethatanotherphysicalproblemisntcausingthesymptoms.Thedoctormayreferyoutoamentalhealthspecialist.TreatmentsSocialphobiaisgenerallytreat

10、edwithpsychotherapy,medication,orboth.Psychotherapy.AtypeofpsychotherapycalledCognitivebehaviortherapy(cbt)isespeciallyusefulfortreatingsocialphobia.Itteachesapersondifferentwaysofthinking,behaving,andreactingtosituationsthathelphimorherfeellessanxiousandfearful.Itcanalsohelppeoplelearnandpracticeso

11、cialskills.Medication.Doctorsalsomayprescribemedicationtohelptreatsocialphobia.Themostcommonlyprescribedmedicationsforsocialphobiaareanti-anxietymedicationsandantidepressants.Anti-anxietymedicationsarepowerfulandtherearedifferenttypes.Manytypesbeginworkingrightaway,buttheygenerallyshouldnotbetakenfo

12、rlongperiods.Antidepressantsareusedtotreatdepression,buttheyarealsohelpfulforsocialphobia.Theyareprobablymorecommonlyprescribedforsocialphobiathananti-anxietymedications.Antidepressantsmaytakeseveralweekstostartworking.Somemaycausesideeffectssuchasheadache,nausea,ordifficultysleeping.Thesesideeffect

13、sareusuallynotaproblemformostpeople,especiallyifthedosestartsofflowandisincreasedslowlyovertime.Talktoyourdoctoraboutanysideeffectsyoumayhave.Atypeofantidepressantcalledmonoamineoxidaseinhibitors(MAOIs)areespeciallyeffectiveintreatingsocialphobia.However,theyarerarelyusedasafirstlineoftreatmentbecau

14、sewhenMAOIsarecombinedwithcertainfoodsorothermedicines,dangeroussideeffectscanoccur.Itsimportanttoknowthatalthoughantidepressantscanbesafeandeffectiveformanypeople,theymayberiskyforsome,especiallychildren,teens,andyoungadults.Ablackboxthemostserioustypeofwarningthataprescriptiondrugcanhavehasbeenadd

15、edtothelabelsofantidepressantmedications.Theselabelswarnpeoplethatantidepressantsmaycausesomepeopletohavesuicidalthoughtsormakesuicideattempts.Anyonetakingantidepressantsshouldbemonitoredclosely,especiallywhentheyfirststarttreatmentwithmedications.Anothertypeofmedicationcalledbeta-blockerscanhelpcon

16、trolsomeofthephysicalsymptomsofsocialphobiasuchasexcessivesweating,shaking,oraracingheart.Theyaremostcommonlyprescribedwhenthesymptomsofsocialphobiaoccurinspecificsituations,suchasstagefright.Somepeopledobetterwithcognitivebehaviortherapy,whileothersdobetterwithmedication.Stillothersdobestwithacombi

17、nationofthetwo.Talkwithyourdoctoraboutthebesttreatmentforyou.LivingWithInschoolIwasalwaysafraidofbeingcalledon,evenwhenIknewtheanswers.WhenIgotajob,Ihatedtomeetwithmyboss.Icouldnteatlunchwithmyco-workers.Iworriedaboutbeingstaredatorjudged,andworriedthatIwouldmakeafoolofmyself.MyheartwouldpoundandIwo

18、uldstarttosweatwhenIthoughtaboutmeetings.Thefeelingsgotworseasthetimeoftheeventgotcloser.SometimesIcouldntsleeporeatfordaysbeforeastaffmeeting.”“Inanysocialsituation,Ifeltfear.IwouldbeanxiousbeforeIevenleftthehouse,anditwouldescalateasIgotclosertoacollegeclass,aparty,orwhatever.IwouldfeelsickinmystomachitalmostfeltlikeIhadtheflu.Myheartwouldpound,mypalmswouldgetsweaty,andIwouldgetthisfeelingofbeingremovedfrommysel