高級英語The-One-who-Walks-Aw課件(PPT 78頁)

1、The Ones Who Walk Away from OmelasUrsula Le GuinUnit 9.第1頁，共78頁。Teaching Plan.第2頁，共78頁。Teaching ObjectivesTo enable the students to learn about an allegorical storyTo familiarize students with science fictionTo discuss the topic “what is happiness and on what real happiness depends”.第3頁，共78頁。Teachin

2、g FocusUtopia, an ideal society for human beings, is a long-pursued dream and we have had various types of it from Plato to Thomas Moore and others. Is it true? Can it become true?.第4頁，共78頁。It is a science fiction, an allegory, a Utopia or a mixture. Anyhow the focus is the story itself: what can we

3、 get from it? All figures of speech applied. A cast of characters. The description of the child. How does the author convey his ideal of her ideal society? .第5頁，共78頁。Teaching MethodsTeacher-oriented teaching methodStudent-oriented teaching methodThe elicited method.第6頁，共78頁。Teaching Procedure. Intro

4、ductory Remarks. Background Information. Learning Focus. Key words and Expressions. Explanation of the Text.第7頁，共78頁。. Division of the Text. The Writing Style. Rhetorical Devices. Exercises.第8頁，共78頁。Introductory Remarks.第9頁，共78頁。. Introductory Remarksa piece of allegorical writing provocative themet

5、he nature of happiness and on what it dependsdescribing the eventsa. the Festival of Summerb. march in processionc. a horse race .第10頁，共78頁。people of Omelas not simple but happythe basis of their happiness a just discrimination of what is necessaryWhat is neither necessary nor destructive, and what

6、is destructive.第11頁，共78頁。no monarchy, slavery, or any commercial, political or military institution, and no guilta child locked in a tiny room and mistreateda terrible justice of realityAll the happiness of Omelas is based on its suffering.第12頁，共78頁。the nature and basis of happinessShould happiness

7、of the many be based upon the suffering of the few? an open, thought-provoking endingSome people leave Omelas after seeing the child.第13頁，共78頁。Detailed Study of the Text.第14頁，共78頁。. Background InformationUrsula Le Guin American Science fiction writerborn in Berkeley, California studied at Radcliff C

8、ollege and Columbia Universityprolific writer both for adults and children.第15頁，共78頁。Her works“Hain” novelsRocannons world (1966) The Left Hand of Darkness (1969)Her “ Earthsea” trilogyA wizard of Earthsea (1968)The Tombs of Atuan (1971)The Farthest Shore (1972).第16頁，共78頁。William James American Phil

9、osopher and Psychologistborn in New York Cityteaching anatomy, physiology and philosophyhelped found the American Society for Physical research.第17頁，共78頁。His booksThe Principles of Psychology (1890)The Will to Believe (1897)The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902).第18頁，共78頁。Three principal aspec

10、ts of his philosophyvoluntarismpragmatism “radical empiricism”.第19頁，共78頁。Allegorya symbolic story that serves as a disguised representation for meanings other than those indicated on the surfaceThe characters often have no individual personality, but are embodiments of moral qualities and other abst

11、ractions. .第20頁，共78頁。Allegoryclosely related to the parable, fable, and metaphor, differing from them largely in intricacy and length.第21頁，共78頁。. Learning FocusStylea piece of allegorical description describing the city of Omelas and its citizens dwelling on a provocative theme: the nature of happin

12、ess and on what happiness depends.第22頁，共78頁。refuting the view that pain is intellectual and evilconcluding that the happiness of the many is based on the suffering of a fewintroducing the misery and suffering of a child putting forward the problemallowing the readers to give free rein to their imagi

13、nation.第23頁，共78頁。Words and Phrasessparkle with a shimmering of dodge in and out rise to the occasion in the silence of.第24頁，共78頁。farther and nearer break into dulcet shepherdsfestered sores to the touch imbecile through fear in communion with .第25頁，共78頁。in rank sit hunchedfumble with peer in atscrea

14、m for seep in poignancy abominable misery .第26頁，共78頁。brood overclamormauve tambourine lithe snivel vapid.第27頁，共78頁。. Key words and Expressionsrigging (n.): tackle，esp. the chains, ropes, etc., used for supporting and working in the masts, sails, yards, etc., of a vessel decorous (adj.): characterize

15、d by or showing decorum, propriety, good taste, etc.第28頁，共78頁。 mauve (n.): any of several shades or delicate purpletambourine (n.): a shallow, single-headed hand drum having jingling metal disks in the rim.第29頁，共78頁。dodge (v.): move or twist quickly aside; shift suddenly, as to avoid a blowlithe (ad

16、j.): bending easily; flexible; supple; limber; lissome gear (n.): a harness.第30頁，共78頁。halter (n.): a rope, cord, strap, etc., usually with a headstall, for tying or leading an animal; a bitless headstall, with or without a lead ropemane (n.): the long hair growing from the top or sides of the neck o

17、f certain animals, as the horse, lion, etc.第31頁，共78頁。braid (v.): interweave three or more strands of (hair, straw, etc.)nostril (n.): either of the external openings of the nose.第32頁，共78頁。prance (v.): (said of a horse) rise up on the hind legs in a lively way, esp. while moving alongarchaic (adj.):

18、antiquated; old-fashioned; ancient.第33頁，共78頁。stallion (n.): an uncastrated male horse, esp. one used as a studbarbarian (n.): member of a people or group with a civilization regarded as primitive, savage, etc.第34頁，共78頁。dulcet (adj.): sweet-sounding; pleasant; calmingutopian (n.): a person who believ

19、es m a utopia, esp. of a social or political nature; visionary.第35頁，共78頁。treason (n.): betrayal of trust or faith; betrayal of ones countrybanal (adj.): dull or stale as because of overuse; trite; hackneyed; commonplace.第36頁，共78頁。exuberance (n.): the state or quality of being exuberant; great abunda

20、nce; luxuriancepuritanical (adj.): of the Puritans; extremely or excessively strict in matters of morals and religion.第37頁，共78頁。languor (n.): a lack of vigor or vitality; weakness: indifference; lethargyarcane (adj.): hidden or secret.第38頁，共78頁。magnanimous (adj.): noble in mind; high-souled; generou

21、s in overlooking injury or insult; rising above pettiness or meannessprovisioner (n.): the person who supplies with provisions, esp. with a stock of food.第39頁，共78頁。amiable (adj.): having a pleasant and friendly disposition; good-naturedsticky (adj. colloq.): overly sentimental: maudlin: adhesive.第40

22、頁，共78頁。benign (adj.): good-natured; kindlypastry (n.): flour dough or paste made with shortening and used for the crust of pies, tarts, etc.; foods made with this.第41頁，共78頁。rapt (adj.): completely absorbed or engrossed (in meditation, study, etc.) imperious (adj.): overbearing; arrogant; urgent; imp

23、erative.第42頁，共78頁。neigh (v.) : utter the loud, characteristic cry of a horse: whinnyseep (v.): leak, drip, or flow out slowly through small openings or pores; ooze.第43頁，共78頁。cobweb (v.): cover with or as with the web spun by a spiderdefective (adj.): having a defect or defects; imperfect; faulty.第44

24、頁，共78頁。imbecile (n.): showing feeble intellect; foolish or stupidmalnutrition (n.): faulty or inadequate nutrition; poor nourishment resulting from insufficient food, improper diet, etc.第45頁，共78頁。fumble (v.): make (ones way) clumsily or by groping; handle (a thing) clumsily or unskillfullygenitals (

25、n.): the reproductive organs.第46頁，共78頁。hunch (v.) : sit or stand with the back archedrattle (v.) : make a series of sharp，short sounds m quick succession.第47頁，共78頁。whine (v.): utter a peevish, high-pitched, somewhat nasal sound, as in complaint, distress, fear, etc.; complain or beg in a childishly

26、undignified way, as with a whinebuttocks (n.): the rump.第48頁，共78頁。fester (v.): form pus; ulcerate; decayexcrement (n.): waste, matter from the bowels; feces.第49頁，共78頁。impotence (n.): the quality or condition of being impotent, weakparadox (n.): a statement that is self-contradictory in fact and, hen

27、ce, false; a person, situation, act, etc. that seems to have contradictory or inconsistent qualities.第50頁，共78頁。uncouth (adj.): uncultured; crude; boorish; awkwardvapid (adj.): tasteless; flavorless; flat; dull; boring.第51頁，共78頁。poignant (adj.): emotionally touching or movingpoignancy n. snivel (v.):

28、 cry and sniffle; have mucus running from the nose.第52頁，共78頁。. Explanation of the Text1) far off: far a awayFar away to the edge of cliff stood an eagle.2) rise to the occasion: show that one is equal to what needs to be done -This system is designed in such a way that it can rise to the occasion.第5

29、3頁，共78頁。3) in communion with: have a special relationship with sth. in which one feels that he understands it very well4) brood on / over (sth.): think about for a long time -He lay in the shade of the tree brooding over whether life was worth living.第54頁，共78頁。. Division of the TextPart I paras.1-6:

30、 It focuses on the description of the happiness of the Omelas people.Part II paras.7-8: It focuses on the description of the misery and suffering of the child.第55頁，共78頁。Part III paras.9-12: It shows the attitude of most people and their reaction to the childs suffering.Part IV paras.13-14: It offers

31、 the different attitude and reactions of a few.第56頁，共78頁。Summary.第57頁，共78頁。. The Writing Style The text describes a fictional city of happiness created by Ursula Le Guin. She uses allegory to describe a symbolic story to express the paradox of Omelas. She draws pictures both emotionally and colorful

32、ly to portray Omelas where people seem to live in a form of paradise. .第58頁，共78頁。 At the same time she pictures the terrible injustice of life, and of peoples assumptions about it, when she describes the misery and suffering of the child. Ursula Le Guin sets out to explore the dark and shadow in hum

33、anity and in society. .第59頁，共78頁。 In reality, the perfection which Omelas presents becomes much deeper than the superficial meaning when we look at this allegory. The question about “the nature of happiness and on what it depends” becomes he critical theme for the whole story. Ursula Le Guin sates h

34、er views very clearly in one sentence:.第60頁，共78頁。 “Happiness is based on a just discrimination of what is necessary, what is neither necessary nor destructive, and what is destructive.” The contrast between the citizens and the child offers certain implications. Omelas is, perhaps, not so perfect af

35、ter all.第61頁，共78頁。 The citizens accept that happiness needs a destructive side and becomes blind to the terrible injustice. The writer states her thoughts without limitation; she opens the paradox to the free imagination of her readers. What should one make of the paradox between the utopian city Om

36、elas and the suffering of the child.第62頁，共78頁。. Rhetorical DevicesPersonificationIronyMetaphorSimile .第63頁，共78頁。Aphorisma statement which defines a perspective by illustrating or describing the horizon of that perspective. Instead of standing outside a viewpoint and describing the viewpoint, an apho

37、rism adopts a viewpoint and identifies the things which are only visible from that viewpoint. Usually an aphorism is a very concise statement.第64頁，共78頁。Exercises.第65頁，共78頁。. ExercisesOral PresentationMake a five-minute presentation in class based on your close reading of the text.第66頁，共78頁。Discrimin

38、ate synonyms1. happy, glad, cheerful, joyful, joyous2. pleasure, delight, joy, enjoyment3. ancient, antique, archaic4. anger, indignation, rage fury, wrath.第67頁，共78頁。1. happy / glad / cheerful / joyful / joyoushappy: generally suggests a feeling of great pleasure, contentment, etc.glad: implies more

39、 strongly an exultant feeling of joy, both glad and happy are commonly used in merely polite formulas expressing gratification.第68頁，共78頁。cheerful: implies a steady display of bright spirits, optimism, etc.joyful / joyous: both imply great elation and rejoicing, the former generally because of a part

40、icular event, and the latter as a matter of usual temperament.第69頁，共78頁。2. pleasure / delight / joy / enjoymentpleasure: the general term for an agreeable feeling of satisfaction, ranging from a quiet sense of gratification to a positive sense of happinessdelight: implies a high degree of obvious pl

41、easure, openly and enthusiastically expressed.第70頁，共78頁。joy: describes a keenly felt, exuberant, often demonstrative happinessenjoyment: suggests a somewhat some quiet feeling of satisfaction with that which pleases.第71頁，共78頁。3. ancient / antique / archaicancient: specifically implies reference to times long pastantique: used to describe that which has become old-fashioned or outdatedarchaic: in this connection, applied to that which is marked by the characteristics of an earlier period.第72頁，共78頁。4. anger / indignati