表語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解及練習(xí)課件

1、(最新整理)表語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解及練習(xí)2021/7/261什么叫名詞性從句？在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses）名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句2021/7/262 名詞性從句 noun clause 主語(yǔ)從句subject clause 賓語(yǔ)從句object clause 表語(yǔ)從句predicative clause 同位語(yǔ)從句appositive clause2021/7/263名詞性從句中的連接詞連詞: that / whethe

2、r / as if (though);連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever2021/7/264Predicative Clauses 表語(yǔ)從句2021/7/265Eg. （例子）The person stood in front of you just now is my headmaster. 剛才站在你前面的那個(gè)人是我的校長(zhǎng)。I didnt know that it was

3、 you at that time. 當(dāng)時(shí)我不知道那是你。The door remained closed. 門仍然關(guān)著。Marys daily job is cleaning the house. 瑪麗的日常工作就是打掃這間房子。名詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)代詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去分詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞- ing形式充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)2021/7/266The house is not only large but also beautiful. 這所房子不僅大而且漂亮。When I went to your house, you were out. 當(dāng)我到你家的時(shí)候，你不在家。No one was in the dorm,

4、when she arrived. 當(dāng)她到達(dá)的時(shí)候，宿舍里沒有人。My job is to teach you English. 我的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。The reason why he came late was that his clock didnt work. 他遲到的原因是他的鬧鐘壞了。介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)副詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)形容詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)不定式充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)2021/7/267表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：放在系動(dòng)詞之后作用：說明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的成分：表語(yǔ)常由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing、數(shù)詞及從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。1. This is an English-Chin

5、ese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English.5. The question is who will do it. 表語(yǔ)從句2021/7/268表語(yǔ)從句的定義The question is who will do it.The question is difficult.（ 表 ）表語(yǔ)從句（ 表 ）2021/7/269表語(yǔ)從句的定義：表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)從句和主語(yǔ)指同一內(nèi)容，它對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋、說明，使主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容具體化。結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+

6、系動(dòng)詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句（表語(yǔ)從句）”?？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。Definition（定義）2021/7/2610可以接表語(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有：1: be動(dòng)詞2: 感官動(dòng)詞：feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: 表示狀態(tài)：remain ,keep, stay4: 表示變化：become ,get , grow , turn ,go , fall5:證明： prove, turn out 系動(dòng)詞的固定搭配:come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad20

7、21/7/2611連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because 引導(dǎo)詞2021/7/2612觀察思考：指出句子成分Henry was an American businessman.Henry met an American businessman. 主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）連系動(dòng)詞2021/7/26132. 表語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 引導(dǎo)詞 + 簡(jiǎn)單句This is why he did

8、it.表語(yǔ)從句放在連系動(dòng)詞之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語(yǔ)。What I want to say is that I am tired2021/7/2614Predictive clause 表語(yǔ)從句1. that1) that 在從句中不擔(dān)任句子成分，無(wú)實(shí)際意義，一般不能省略2)在表“建議，勸說，命令”的名詞idea, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”（虛擬語(yǔ)氣），should可省略My opinion is that its getting better and better.My suggesstion is

9、 that we (should) start early tomorrow.引導(dǎo)詞的用法（一）2021/7/2615名詞主語(yǔ)+be+that引起的表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)名詞常常是表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth 表示看法，觀點(diǎn)、問題、麻煩的名詞，如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem, 1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was

10、the very person we are looking for.2021/7/2616what 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)_ 表示_.1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)什么，什么樣子，或所的（人或事）引導(dǎo)詞的用法（二）2021/7/2617who 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)_表示_.The problem is w

11、ho could do the work2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)誰(shuí)引導(dǎo)詞的用法（三）2021/7/2618 which 在引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常充當(dāng)_ 表示 。如： I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)其中哪一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞的用法（四）2021/7/2619whether在表語(yǔ)從句中表 ,但不充當(dāng)句子的成分。if 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句.如: 1.What the doctor really dou

12、bts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否”不能引導(dǎo)詞的用法（五）2021/7/2620whether現(xiàn)在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐賣婦女兒童。他提出的第一個(gè)問題是： 兒子無(wú)出息，父母也不光彩，是否如此？All that is to be made clear is whether he abducted and sold women and children.The first thing he put f

13、orwards was whether a worthless son was a disgrace to his parents.2021/7/2621as if, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞（look/seem/appear）+that/as if從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法（六）2021/7/2622

14、*as if/as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句如果是事實(shí)，就用陳述語(yǔ)氣，如果與事實(shí)不符，就用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句就用一般過去時(shí)，be的話變成were。主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí))。It looks as if he were her own father.(與事實(shí)不符)Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going to rain.2021/7/2623As /as if、as though 形勢(shì)并不像外表所看到的那樣。她看上去很擔(dān)憂他父母的病情。他好像瘋了似的。The situation is not as it se

15、ems to be.She looks as if she is worried about her fathers disease.It was as though he were mad.2021/7/2624becausebecause引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”結(jié)構(gòu)中。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.你為什么不來(lái)出席座談會(huì)？是病了么？Why were you absent from the forum? Was it because you were i

16、ll? 引導(dǎo)詞的用法（七）2021/7/2625that, why與because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別 雖然三者均可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但that沒有詞義，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，雖然why和because都可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。如：The reason was that you dont trust her.原因是你不信任她。The fact is that they are angry with each other.事實(shí)是他們生彼此的氣。He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital.他病了，所以被

17、送到醫(yī)院來(lái)。He was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill.他被送到醫(yī)院，是因?yàn)樗×恕?021/7/2626填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason 做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句只能用that引導(dǎo), 不能用why 引導(dǎo)。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為： The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason is thatthatThe reason why he was late was that he missed the trai

18、n by one minute this morning （當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because）他早上來(lái)晚的原因是他晚了一分鐘而沒趕上火車。 2021/7/2627注意：主語(yǔ)為reason 時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句連接詞用that, 但以it, this, that 開頭做主語(yǔ)的句子，則可用because。 The reason for his being late was that he missed the early bus. She was late this morning. That was because she missed the early bus.

19、* The reason _ he was late was that he missed the early bus.why2021/7/2628例題2：The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of B注意點(diǎn)2： 主句主語(yǔ)為reason, 只能用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，不可用because.2021/7/2629連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 連接副詞 where, w

20、hen, how, why。The problem is who we can get to replace her.問題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。 The question is how he did it. 問題是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。That is where he was born.那就是他出生的地方。2021/7/2630where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，

21、在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.2021/7/2631問題在于如何使古為今用，如何使洋為中用。那時(shí)我在管伙食。根本問題就在這里。他不應(yīng)該被貪污論罪，道理就在這里。The question is how t

22、he past is made to serve the present and foreign things are made to serve China.That was when I was in charge of mess.This is where the basic lies.It was why he should not be found of corruption.2021/7/26321、名詞主語(yǔ)bewh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句 The trouble is where we can get the things we need.2、wh- 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句bethat 從句

23、What surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet.3、This / That be wh-疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句 This is how you make the Italian pizza.表語(yǔ)從句的常用句型：2021/7/2633表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞注意事項(xiàng)1. that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省.2. if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句.3.除that外的所有引導(dǎo)詞都有自己的意義。4. 除that, whether外的所有引導(dǎo)詞都須在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的成分 5.表語(yǔ)從句中，從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序2021/7/26341.-Are you st

24、ill thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析： 這是由what 引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為A。2021/7/26352.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few d

25、ays off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:這是一個(gè)由why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句,表示原因.這句話的意思是這就是你離開的原因嗎?。故答案為A。A2021/7/26363.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,wants后面缺少賓語(yǔ),Always give the monkey exa

26、ctly what he wants是一句諺語(yǔ),意思是永遠(yuǎn)給予他人他確實(shí)想要的東西。故答案為A。A2021/7/2637小結(jié)：1. 表語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成:引導(dǎo)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句2. 引導(dǎo)詞: 連詞that, whether, as ,as if 連接代詞who, what, which連接副詞when, where, how ,why 3. 3個(gè)注意點(diǎn):if 不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)為reason時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that語(yǔ)序2021/7/26381. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason